Mott transition in bosonic systems: Insights from the variational approach

Abstract

We study the Mott transition occurring for bosonic Hubbard models in one, two, and three spatial dimensions, by means of a variational wave function benchmarked by Green's function Monte Carlo calculations. We show that a very accurate variational wave function, constructed by applying a long-range Jastrow factor to the non-interacting boson ground state, can describe the superfluid-insulator transition in any dimensionality. Moreover, by mapping the quantum averages over such a wave function into the the partition function of a classical model, important insights into the insulating phase are uncovered. Finally, the evidence in favor of anomalous scenarios for the Mott transition in two dimensions are reported whenever additional long-range repulsive interactions are added to the Hamiltonian.

12 pages and 19 figures. Related to arXiv:0705.2684

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• Extracting the Mott gap from energy measurements in trapped atomic gases
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• Zero-temperature phase transitions in dilute bosonic superfluids on a lattice