From Equivalence Principles to Cosmology: Cosmic Polarization Rotation, CMB Observation, Neutrino Number Asymmetry, Lorentz Invariance and CPT

Abstract

In this paper, we review the approach leading to cosmic polarization rotation observation and present the current status with an outlook. In the study of the relations among equivalence principles, we found that long-range pseudoscalar-photon interaction is allowed. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction would induce a rotation of linear polarization of electromagnetic wave propagating with cosmological/astrophysical distance. In 2002, DASI successfully observed the polarization of the cosmological microwave background radiation. In 2003, WMAP observed the correlation of polarization with temperature anisotropy at more than 10 sigma in the cosmological microwave background. From this high polarization-temperature correlation in WMAP observation, we put a limit of 0.1 rad on the rotation of linear polarization of cosmological microwave background (CMB) propagation. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction is proportional to the gradient of the pseudoscalar field. From phenomenological point of view, this gradient could be neutrino number asymmetry current, other density current, or a constant vector. In these situations, Lorentz invariance or CPT may or may not effectively be violated. In this paper, we review and compile various results. Better accuracy in CMB polarization observation is expected from PLANCK mission to be launched next year. A dedicated CMB polarization observer in the future would probe this fundamental issue more deeply.

9 pages, 2 figures, a few references with corresponding text change added in this version, invited talk given in VIII Asia-Pacific International Conference on Gravitation and Astophysics (ICGA8), August 29 - September 1, 2007, Nara Women's University, Japan, submitted to Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement

References in corpus (7)

• Q & A Experiment to Search for Vacuum Dichroism, Pseudoscalar-Photon Interaction and Millicharged Fermions
• Constraints on CPT violation from WMAP three year polarization data: a wavelet analysis
• Testing CPT Symmetry with CMB Measurements
• Dilaton as a Dark Matter Candidate and its Detection
• Extra dimensions and atomic transition frequencies
• Equivalence principle and electromagnetic field: no birefringence, no dilaton, and no axion
• Hierarchy Problem, Dilatonic Fifth Force, and Origin of Mass

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• Axion Search with Q & A Experiment
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• Cosmic Polarization Rotation, Cosmological Models, and the Detectability of Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Dilaton field and cosmic wave propagation
• New Constraints on Cosmic Polarization Rotation from B-Mode Polarization in Cosmic Microwave Background
• The Parity Odd Universe, Dark Energy and QCD
• Electrodynamics of a Cosmic Dark Fluid
• Anomalous character of the axion-photon coupling in a magnetic field distorted by a pp-wave gravitational background
• The polarimetric multi-frequency radio sources properties
• Polarized Spots in Anisotropic Open Universes
• Electrodynamic phenomena induced by a dark fluid: Analogs of pyromagnetic, piezoelectric, and striction effects
• Cosmological Ohm's law and dynamics of non-minimal electromagnetism
• Photon-Axion-Like Particle Coupling Constant and Cosmological Observations
• Constraints on pseudoscalar-photon interaction from CMB polarization observation
• CPT invariance and neutrino physics
• On spacetime structure and electrodynamics