Fermi pockets and quantum oscillations of the Hall coefficient in high temperature superconductors

Abstract

Recent quantum oscillation measurements in high temperature superconductors in high magnetic fields and low temperatures have ushered in a new era. These experiments explore the normal state from which superconductivity arises and provide evidence of a reconstructed Fermi surface consisting of electron and hole pockets in a regime in which such a possibility was previously considered to be remote. More specifically, the Hall coefficient has been found to oscillate according to the Onsager quantization condition, involving only fundamental constants and the areas of the pockets, but with a sign that is negative. Here we explain the observations with the theory that the alleged normal state exhibits a hidden order, the $d$-density wave, which breaks symmetries signifying time reversal, translation by a lattice spacing, and a rotation by an angle $\pi /2$, while the product of any two symmetry operations is preserved. The success of our analysis underscores the importance of spontaneous breaking of symmetries, Fermi surface reconstruction, and conventional quasiparticles. We primarily focus on the version of the order that is commensurate with the underlying crystalline lattice, but also touch upon the consequences if the order were to incommensurate. It is shown that while commensurate order results in two independent oscillation frequencies as a function of the inverse of the applied magnetic field, incommensurate order leads to three independent frequencies. The oscillation amplitudes, however, are determined by the mobilities of the charge carriers comprising the Fermi pockets.

Final version with a correction of a minor typo; 6 pages, 2 figures

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• Quantum Phase Transition in the Normal State of High-Tc Cuprates at Optimum Doping
• Electronic structure near the 1/8-anomaly in La-based cuprates
• Competing order, Fermi surface reconstruction, and quantum oscillations in underdoped high temperature superconductors
• Anomalous Nernst effect from a chiral d-density wave state in underdoped cuprate superconductors
• Key issues in theories of high temperature superconductors
• Fermiology of Cuprates from First Principles: From Small Pockets to the Luttinger Fermi surface
• Resolution of two apparent paradoxes concerning quantum oscillations in underdoped high-$T_c$ superconductors
• Effective masses in a strongly anisotropic Fermi liquid
• Effects of quasiparticle ambipolarity on the Nernst effect in underdoped cuprate superconductors
• Singlet versus triplet particle-hole condensates in quantum oscillations in cuprates
• Dynamic charge inhomogenity in cuprate superconductors
• Controlling the self-doping of YBa2C3O7-d polar surfaces: From Fermi surface to nodal Fermi arcs by ARPES