Optimized Double-well quantum interferometry with Gaussian squeezed-states

Abstract

A Mach-Zender interferometer with a gaussian number-difference squeezed input state can exhibit sub-shot-noise phase resolution over a large phase-interval. We obtain the optimal level of squeezing for a given phase-interval $\Delta {\theta }_0$ and particle number $N$, with the resulting phase-estimation uncertainty smoothly approaching $3.5/N$ as $\Delta {\theta }_0$ approaches 10/N, achieved with highly squeezed states near the Fock regime. We then analyze an adaptive measurement scheme which allows any phase on $(-\pi /2,\pi /2)$ to be measured with a precision of $3.5/N$ requiring only a few measurements, even for very large $N$. We obtain an asymptotic scaling law of $\Delta \theta \approx (2.1+3.2\ln (\ln (N_{tot}\tan \Delta {\theta }_0)))/N_{tot}$, resulting in a final precision of $\approx 10/N_{tot}$. This scheme can be readily implemented in a double-well Bose-Einstein condensate system, as the optimal input states can be obtained by adiabatic manipulation of the double-well ground state.

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