The Formation of Slow-Massive-Wide Jets

Abstract

I propose a model for the formation of slow-massive-wide (SMW) jets by accretion disks around compact objects. This study is motivated by claims for the existence of SMW jets in some astrophysical objects such as in planetary nebulae (PNs) and in some active galactic nuclei in galaxies and in cooling flow clusters. In this model the energy still comes from accretion onto a compact object. The accretion disk launches two opposite jets with velocity of the order of the escape velocity from the accreting object and with mass outflow rate of ~1-20% of the accretion rate as in most popular models for jet launching; in the present model these are termed fast-first-stage (FFS) jets. However, the FFS jets encounter surrounding gas that originates in the mass accretion process, and are terminated by strong shocks close to their origin. Two hot bubbles are formed. These bubbles accelerate the surrounding gas to form two SMW jets that are more massive and slower than the FFS jets. There are two conditions for this mechanism to work. Firstly, the surrounding gas should be massive enough to block the free expansion of the FFS jets. Most efficiently this condition is achieved when the surrounding gas is replenished. Secondly, the radiative energy losses must be small.

Accepted by New Astronomy

References in corpus (15)

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• The Dance of Heating and Cooling in Galaxy Clusters: 3D Simulations of Self-Regulated AGN Outflows
• Exploding Core-Collapse Supernovae with Jittering Jets
• Possible Implications of Mass Accretion in Eta Carinae
• Applying the Jet Feedback Mechanism to Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
• Sound Waves Excitation by Jet-Inflated Bubbles in Clusters of Galaxies
• Correlation of Black Hole and Bulge Masses: Driven by Energy but Correlated with Momentum
• The Orientation of the Eta Carinae Binary System
• A Moderate Cooling Flow Phase at Galaxy Formation
• Correlation of Black Hole-Bulge Masses by AGN Jets
• Explaining the Energetic AGN Outburst of MS0735+7421 with Massive Slow Jets