The Existence of Inner Cool Disks in the Low Hard State of Accreting Black Holes

Abstract

The condensation of matter from a corona to a cool, optically thick inner disk is investigated for black hole X-ray transient systems in the low hard state. A description of a simple model for the exchange of energy and mass between corona and disk originating from thermal conduction is presented, taking into account the effect of Compton cooling of the corona by photons from the underlying disk. It is found that a weak, condensation-fed inner disk can be present in the low hard state of black hole transient systems for a range of luminosities which depend on the magnitude of the viscosity parameter. For $\alpha \sim 0.1-0.4$ an inner disk can exist for luminosities in the range $\sim 0.001-0.02$ Eddington value. The model is applied to the X-ray observations of the black hole candidate sources GX 339-4 and Swift J1753.5-0127 in their low hard state. It is found that Compton cooling is important in the condensation process, leading to the maintenance of cool inner disks in both systems. As the results of the evaporation/condensation model are independent of the black hole mass, it is suggested that such inner cool disks may contribute to the optical and ultraviolet emission of low luminosity active galactic nuclei.

arXiv comment32 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (Dec. 10, 2007, Vol.671)

References in corpus (24)

• X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries
• Advection-Dominated Accretion: A Self-Similar Solution
• Advection-Dominated Accretion: Underfed Black Holes and Neutron Stars
• Advection-Dominated Accretion and the Spectral States of Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: Application to Nova Muscae 1991
• Advection-Dominated Accretion: Self-Similarity and Bipolar Outflows
• Accretion disc viscosity: how big is alpha?
• Do X-ray Binary Spectral State Transition Luminosities Vary?
• GX 339-4: the distance, state transitions, hysteresis and spectral correlations
• A Long, Hard Look at the Low-Hard State in Accreting Black Holes
• Dynamical Evidence for a Black Hole in GX 339-4
• Shearing Box Simulations of the MRI in a Collisionless Plasma
• A Prominent Accretion Disk in the Low-Hard State of the Black Hole Candidate SWIFT J1753.5-0127
• Evaporation of accretion disks around black holes: the disk-corona transition and the connection to the advection-dominated accretion flow
• Low-Luminosity Accretion in Black Hole X-ray Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei
• Two-temperature coronal flow above a thin disk
• Spectra from a magnetic reconnection-heated corona in AGN
• Re-condensation from an ADAF into an inner disk - the intermediate state of black hole accretion?
• Effects of Downscattering on the Continuum and Line Spectra in Powerful Wind Environment. Monte Carlo Simulations, Analytical Results and Data Analysis
• Luminous hot accretion flows: thermal equilibrium curve and thermal stability
• Two-phase radiative/conductive equilibrium in AGN and GBH
• Heating and Cooling of Hot Accretion Flows by Non Local Radiation
• Time-dependent models of two-phase accretion discs around black holes
• An inner disk below the ADAF: the intermediate spectral state of black hole accretion
• Evaporation of ion-irradiated disks

Cited by in corpus (81)

• Hot Accretion Flows Around Black Holes
• Nuclear Activity in Nearby Galaxies
• Advection-Dominated Accretion and the Black Hole Event Horizon
• Black hole accretion disks in the canonical low-hard state
• The radio/X-ray domain of black hole X-ray binaries at the lowest radio luminosities
• Correlation between the photon index and X-ray luminosity of black hole X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei: observations and interpretation
• A possible mechanism for multiple changing look phenomenon in Active Galactic Nuclei
• A re--analysis of the iron line in the XMM-Newton data from the low/hard state in GX339--4
• Broadband X-ray Spectra of GX 339-4 and the Geometry of Accreting Black Holes in the Hard State
• Accretion disks and coronae in the X-ray flashlight
• Doughnut strikes sandwich: the geometry of hot medium in accreting black hole X-ray binaries
• An overview of jets and outflows in stellar mass black holes
• A Model for the Correlation of Hard X-ray Index with Eddington Ratio in Black Hole X-ray Binaries
• SWIFT J1753.5-0127: a surprising optical/X-ray cross-correlation function
• On the Properties of Inner Cool Disks in the Hard State of Black Hole X-Ray Transient Systems
• Black Hole Binaries and Microquasars
• A Comprehensive X-ray Spectral Analysis of the Seyfert 1.5 NGC 3227
• The relation between radio and X-ray luminosity of black hole binaries: affected by inner cool disks?
• The hard X-ray shortages prompted by the clock bursts in GS 1826--238
• The Dependence of Spectral State Transition and Disk Truncation on Viscosity Parameter $α
• Relations between X-ray timing features and spectral parameters of Galactic black hole X-ray binaries
• Jet power extracted from ADAF and the applications to X-ray binaries and radio galaxy FR dichotomy
• Jet Properties of GeV-Selected Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies and Possible Connection to Their Disk and Corona
• The optical variability of Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidate PG1302-102: Periodicity and perturbation in the light curve
• The effect of coronal radiation on a residual inner disk in the low/hard spectral state of black hole X-ray binary systems
• The hard to soft spectral transition in LMXBs - affected by recondensation of gas into an inner disk
• Disk corona interaction: mechanism for the disk truncation and spectrum change in low luminosity AGN
• The Emission from Inner Disk and Corona in the Low and Intermediate Spectral States of Black Hole X-ray Binaries
• Enhanced Polarized Emission from the One-Parsec-Scale Hotspot of 3C 84 as a Result of the Interaction with Clumpy Ambient Medium
• Application of the Disk Evaporation Model to AGNs
• X-ray burst induced spectral variability in 4U 1728-34
• Broad iron emission lines in Seyfert Galaxies - re-condensation of gas onto an inner disk below the ADAF
• Discovery of a broad iron line in the black-hole candidate Swift J1753.5-0127, and the disk emission in the low/hard state revisited
• Clumpy accretion onto black holes. I. Clumpy-ADAF structure and radiation
• X-ray bursts as a probe of the corona: the case of XRB 4U 1636-536
• The hard X-ray behavior of Aql X-1 during type-I bursts
• Different X-ray spectral evolution for black hole X-ray binaries in dual tracks of radio-X-ray correlation
• Suzaku broadband spectroscopy of Swift J1753.5-0127 in the Low-Hard State
• MAXI GSC observations of a spectral state transition in the black hole candidate XTE J1752-223
• The Spectral Features of Disk and Corona with Mass Evaporation in the Low/Hard State
• Possible hard X-ray shortages in bursts from KS 1731-260 and 4U 1705-44
• Segregation of a Keplerian disc and sub-Keplerian halo from a Transonic flow around a Black Hole by Viscosity and Cooling processes
• X-ray Emissions from Three-dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Coronal Accretion Flows
• On the disappearance of broad-line region in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei: the role of the outflows from advection dominated accretion flows
• Effect of geometrically thin discs on precessing, thick flows: Relevance to type-C QPOs
• Revisiting the structure and spectrum of the magnetic-reconnection-heated corona in luminous AGNs
• Anomalous Low States and Long Term Variability in the Black Hole Binary LMC X-3
• The condensation of the corona for the correlation between the hard X-ray photon index $\Gamma$ and the reflection scaling factor $\Re$ in active galactic nuclei
• Modelling the `outliers' track of the radio--X-ray correlation in X-ray binaries based on disc-corona model
• Insight-HXMT Study of the Inner Accretion Disk in the Black Hole Candidate EXO 1846--031
• Peculiar disk behaviors of the black hole candidate MAXI J1348-630 in the hard state observed by Insight-HXMT and Swift
• The Accreting Black Hole Swift J1753.5-0127 from Radio to Hard X-Ray
• Analytical Model of Disk Evaporation and State Transitions in Accreting Black Holes
• Radiative Spectra from Disk Corona and Inner Hot Flow in Black Hole X-ray Binaries
• Coronae above accretion disks around black holes: The effect of Compton cooling
• Spectral and polarization properties of reflected X-ray emission from black-hole accretion discs for a distant observer: the lamp-post model
• Prototyping non-equilibrium viscous-timescale accretion theory using LMC X-3
• Modeling the hard states of three black hole candidates
• Evolution of cross-correlation and time lag of 4U 1735-44 along the branches
• The peculiar spectral evolution of the new X-ray transient MAXI J0637-430
• Optical and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Black Hole Swift J1753.5-0127
• Anti-correlated Soft Lags in the Intermediate State of Black Hole Source GX 339-4
• Interaction of the accretion flows in corona and disk near the black hole in AGN
• Radio emission and jets from microquasars
• The properties of cross-correlation and spectra of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1608-52
• Reflare in MAXI J1348-630]{Evolution of disc and corona in MAXI J1348-630 during the 2019 reflare: NICER and Insight-HXMT view
• A Model for Spectral States and Their Transition in Cyg X-1
• Probing the hard and intermediate states of X-ray binaries using short time-scale variability
• Constraints on jet-driven disk accretion in Sagittarius A*
• The X-ray Spectrum Of The Black Hole Candidate Swift J1753.5-0127
• Wind accretion in Cygnus X-1
• Investigating the Disk-Corona Relation in a Blue AGN Sample
• Accretion flows in the hard state of black hole X-ray binaries: the effect of hot gas condensation
• Modeling the Spectrum of IGR J17177-3656
• Jet-dominated quiescent state in black hole X-ray binaries: the cases of A0620--00 and XTE J1118+480
• The Profiles of Fe Kα Line From the Inhomogeneous Accretion Flow
• Accretion with two-phase gas supply and its application in black hole X-ray binaries
• The width-flux relation of the broad iron line during the state transition of the black hole X-ray binaries
• Polarization Signatures of Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Simulated Tilted, Truncated Disks
• A disk-corona model for low/hard state of black hole X-ray binaries
• A Monte Carlo Study of the Spectra from Inhomogeneous Accretion Flow