On the origin of families of quarks and leptons - predictions for four families

Abstract

The approach unifying all the internal degrees of freedom--proposed by one of us--is offering a new way of understanding families of quarks and leptons: A part of the starting Lagrange density in d(=1+13), which includes two kinds of spin connection fields--the gauge fields of two types of Clifford algebra objects--transforms the right handed quarks and leptons into the left handed ones manifesting in d=1+3 the Yukawa couplings of the Standard model. We study the influence of the way of breaking symmetries on the Yukawa couplings and estimate properties of the fourth family--the quark masses and the mixing matrix, investigating the possibility that the fourth family of quarks and leptons appears at low enough energies to be observable with the new generation of accelerators.

31 pages,revtex

References in corpus (2)

• Fermions with no fundamental charges call for extra dimensions
• Particular boundary condition ensures that a fermion in d=1+5, compactified on a finite disk, manifests in d=1+3 as massless spinor with a charge 1/2, mass protected and chirally coupled to the gauge field

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Fourth Family Neutrinos and the Higgs Boson
• Can the spin-charge-family theory explain baryon number non conservation?
• How does Clifford algebra show the way to the second quantized fermions with unified spins, charges and families, and with vector and scalar gauge fields beyond the {\it standard model}
• Are superheavy stable quark clusters viable candidates for the dark matter?
• The symmetry of $4\times 4$ mass matrices predicted by the spin-charge-family theory --- $SU(2)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ --- remains in all loop corrections