Left-symmetric Bialgebras and An Analogue of the Classical Yang-Baxter Equation
arXiv:0708.1551 · doi:10.1142/S0219199708002752
Abstract
We introduce a notion of left-symmetric bialgebra which is an analogue of the notion of Lie bialgebra. We prove that a left-symmetric bialgebra is equivalent to a symplectic Lie algebra with a decomposition into a direct sum of the underlying vector spaces of two Lagrangian subalgebras. The latter is called a parakähler Lie algebra or a phase space of a Lie algebra in mathematical physics. We introduce and study coboundary left-symmetric bialgebras and our study leads to what we call "-equation", which is an analogue of the classical Yang-Baxter equation. In a certain sense, the -equation associated to a left-symmetric algebra reveals the left-symmetry of the products. We show that a symmetric solution of the -equation gives a parakähler Lie algebra. We also show that such a solution corresponds to the symmetric part of a certain operator called "-operator", whereas a skew-symmetric solution of the classical Yang-Baxter equation corresponds to the skew-symmetric part of an -operator. Thus a method to construct symmetric solutions of the -equation (hence parakähler Lie algebras) from -operators is provided. Moreover, by comparing left-symmetric bialgebras and Lie bialgebras, we observe that there is a clear analogue between them and, in particular, parakähler Lie groups correspond to Poisson-Lie groups in this sense.
44 pages