Universal dynamics of quantum spin decoherence in a spin bath

Abstract

We systematically investigate the universal spin decoherence dynamics of a localized electron in an arbitrary nuclear spin bath, which can be even far away from equilibrium due to the weak nuclear-lattice interaction. We show that the electron spin relaxation dynamics (as well as spin pure dephasing and Hahn echo decay) can {\it always} have a universal behavior as long as the initial state is composed of a sufficiently large amount of spin eigenstates. For a given system, the pattern of the universal dynamics depends on the complicated initial condition only via a {\it single} parameter, which measures the amount of phase coherence between different spin eigenstates in the initial state. Our results apply even when the number of the involved nuclei is not large, and therefore provide a solid foundation in the comparison of theoretical/numerical results with the experimental measurement. As an example, we also show numerical results for systems of noninteracting spin bath in zero magnetic field regime, and discuss the features of universal decoherent dynamics.

7 pages, same as the published version

References in corpus (19)

• Quantum Computation with Quantum Dots
• Driven coherent oscillations of a single electron spin in a quantum dot
• Electron spin relaxation by nuclei in semiconductor quantum dots
• Electron spin decoherence in quantum dots due to interaction with nuclei
• Spin relaxation in semiconductor quantum dots
• Triplet-Singlet Spin Relaxation via Nuclei in a Double Quantum Dot
• Electron Spin-Relaxation Times of Phosphorus Donors in Silicon
• Single-shot readout of electron spin states in a quantum dot using spin-dependent tunnel rates
• Theory of electron spin decoherence by interacting nuclear spins in a quantum dot
• Long-lived memory for mesoscopic quantum bits
• Quantum theory for electron spin decoherence induced by nuclear spin dynamics in semiconductor quantum computer architectures: Spectral diffusion of localized electron spins in the nuclear solid-state environment
• Weak limits for quantum random walks
• Coherence Time of a Solid-State Nuclear Qubit
• Quantum theory of spectral diffusion induced electron spin decoherence
• Limit Theorem for Continuous-Time Quantum Walk on the Line
• Spin decay and quantum parallelism
• Analytical Solution of Electron Spin Decoherence Through Hyperfine Interaction in a Quantum Dot
• Numerical modeling of the central spin problem using the spin coherent states P-representation
• Long-lived memory for electronic spin in a quantum dot: Numerical analysis