The Stueckelberg Extension and Milli Weak and Milli Charge Dark Matter

Abstract

A overview is given of the recent developments in the $U(1{)}_X$ Stueckelberg extensions of the Standard Model and of MSSM where all the Standard Model particles are neutral under the $U(1{)}_X$ but an axion which is absorbed is charged under both $U(1{)}_X$ and $U(1{)}_Y$ and acts as the connector field coupling the Standard Model sector with the Stueckelberg sector. Coupled with the usual Higgs mechanism that breaks the $SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_Y$ gauge symmetry, this scenario produces mixings in the neutral gauge boson sector generating an extra $Z^{\prime }$ boson. The couplings of the extra $Z^{\prime }$ to the Standard Model particles are milli weak but its couplings to the hidden sector matter, defined as matter that couples only to the gauge field of $U(1{)}_X$, can be of normal electro-weak strength. It is shown that such extensions, aside from the possibility of leading to a sharp $Z^{\prime }$ resonance, lead to two new types of dark matter: milli weak (or extra weak) and milli charged. An analysis of the relic density shows that the WMAP-3 constraints can be satisfied for either of these scenarios. The types of models discussed could arise as possible field point limit of certain Type IIB orientifold string models.

10 pages, 2 figures. Plenary Talk at the International Workshop on Theoretical Physics (IWTHEP) Roorkee, March 15-20, 2007