Measuring two-photon orbital angular momentum entanglement

Abstract

We put forward an approach to estimate the amount of bipartite spatial entanglement of down-converted photon states correlated in orbital angular momentum and the magnitude of the transverse (radial) wave vectors. Both degrees of freedom are properly considered in our framework, which only requires azimuthal local linear optical transformations and mode selection analysis with two fiber detectors. The coincidence distributions predicted by our approach give an excellent fit to the distributions measured in a recent experiment aimed to show the very high-dimensional transverse entanglement of twin photons from a down-conversion source. Our estimate for the Schmidt number is substantially lower but still confirms the presence of high-dimensional entanglement.

Extended paper of a published version in PRA, with some extra appendices

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• Manipulation of single-photon states encoded in transverse spatial modes: possible and impossible tasks
• Unified approach towards the dynamics of optical and electron vortex beams
• Double-slit interferometry as a lossy beam splitter
• The Geometric phase and fractional orbital angular momentum states in electron vortex beams