Deformed Wigner crystal in a one-dimensional quantum dot

Abstract

The spatial Fourier spectrum of the electron density distribution in a finite 1D system and the distribution function of electrons over single-particle states are studied in detail to show that there are two universal features in their behavior, which characterize the electron ordering and the deformation of Wigner crystal by boundaries. The distribution function has a $\delta$-like singularity at the Fermi momentum $k_F$. The Fourier spectrum of the density has a step-like form at the wavevector $2k_F$, with the harmonics being absent or vanishing above this threshold. These features are found by calculations using exact diagonalization method. They are shown to be caused by Wigner ordering of electrons, affected by the boundaries. However the common Luttinger liquid model with open boundaries fails to capture these features, because it overestimates the deformation of the Wigner crystal. An improvement of the Luttinger liquid model is proposed which allows one to describe the above features correctly. It is based on the corrected form of the density operator conserving the particle number.

arXiv comment10 pages, 11 figures. Misprints fixed

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• Three interacting atoms in a one-dimensional trap: A benchmark system for computational approaches
• Out of equilibrium density dynamics of a quenched fermionic system
• Temperature-induced emergence of Wigner correlations in a STM-probed one-dimensional quantum dot
• Theory of the STM detection of Wigner molecules in spin incoherent CNTs
• Correlation functions for the detection of Wigner molecules in a one-channel Luttinger liquid quantum dot
• Fractional charge oscillations in quantum spin Hall quantum dots
• Non-linear Coulomb blockade microscopy of a correlated one-dimensional quantum dot
• Crystallization of fractional charges in a strongly interacting quasi-helical quantum dot
• Probing Wigner correlations in a suspended carbon nanotube
• Interaction and temperature effects on the pair correlation function of a strongly interacting 1D quantum dot
• Probe-assisted spin manipulation in one-dimensional quantum dots