The Hydrostatic Mass Bias and the $\ddot{I}{ƒ}_8$ Tension: A Multi-Probe Forecast for Stage-IV/V Surveys

Ayodeji Ibitoye, Prabhakar Tiwari, Qi Xiong +1

The hydrostatic mass bias ($b_{\mathrm{HSE}}$) is a leading systematic uncertainty in cluster cosmology and a principal source of degeneracy with $\ddot{I}{ƒ}_8$ and $\hat{I}{\text{c◯}}_m$. We investigate…