Electro-optic and electrical properties in Hafnium-doped congruent lithium-niobate crystals

Mustapha Abarkan, Michel Aillerie, Jean-Paul Salvestrini +2

We report the optical and dielectric properties in hafnium (Hf)-doped lithium niobate (LN) crystals. We investigated samples of congruent composition with various doping concentrat…