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physics.hist-ph2023
Historical synthesis supporting Duhem's demonstration of the impossibility of the `experimentum crucis' of comparison of the speed of light in air and water
Olivier Morizot
In 1850, Foucault was the first to compare experimentally the velocity of light in air to its velocity in water. And as the wave and projectile theories competing at the time predi…
physics.hist-ph2023
David Brewster's and William Herschel's experiments on inflection that delivered the coup de gr{â}ce to Thomas Young's ether distribution hypothesis
Olivier Morizot
In his Theory of Light and Colours, presented to the Royal Society in November 1801, Thomas Young defended a mechanical explanation of the coloured fringes observed outside of the…