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physics.plasm-ph2026

Challenges and opportunities for AI to help deliver fusion energy

Adriano Agnello, Helen Brooks, Cyd Cowley +5

There is great potential for the application of AI tools in fusion research, and substantial worldwide benefit if fusion power is realised. However, using AI comes with its own cha…

physics.plasm-ph2026★ 1 cited

Kinetic Equilibrium Prediction at TCV using RAPTOR and FBT

C. E. Contré, A. Merle, O. Sauter +13

We present results from a new Kinetic-Equilibrium Prediction (KEP) workflow and shot preparation for full TCV discharges, by coupling predict-first RAPTOR transport simulations wit…

physics.plasm-ph2025★ 2 cited

Resonant theory of kinetic ballooning modes in general toroidal geometry

P. Mulholland, A. Zocco, M. C. L. Morren +4

The linear theory of the kinetic-ballooning-mode (KBM) instability is extended to capture a weakly-driven regime in general toroidal geometry where the destabilization is caused by…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 1 cited

Invasiveness of pico- and nanosecond E-FISH on plasma bullets in nitrogen

A. A. A. Limburg, T. E. W. Keur, R. F. E. Pleijers +1

The electric field is the driving force behind every plasma. Electric field induced second harmonic generation (E-FISH) is a diagnostic able to obtain the electric field with high…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 4 cited

An upper pressure limit for low-Z benign termination of runaway electron beams in TCV

M Hoppe, J Decker, U Sheikh +17

We present a model for the particle balance in the post-disruption runaway electron plateau phase of a tokamak discharge. The model is constructed with the help of, and applied to,…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 9 cited

Measurement of the electric field distribution in streamer discharges

Yihao Guo, Anne Limburg, Jesse Laarman +2

Using electric field induced second harmonic generation (E-FISH), we performed direction-resolved absolute electric field measurements on single-channel streamer discharges in 70 m…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 3 cited

Macroscopic parameterization of positive streamer heads in air

Dennis Bouwman, Jannis Teunissen, Ute Ebert

The growth of streamer discharges is determined at their heads, for individual streamers as well as in collective phenomena, such as streamer trees or coronas or streamer bursts ah…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 4 cited

Available energy of plasmas with small fluctuations

P. Helander, R. J. J. Mackenbach

The available energy of a plasma is defined as the maximum amount by which the plasma energy can be lowered by volume-preserving rearrangements in phase space, a so-called Gardner…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 6 cited

Neural-Parareal: Dynamically Training Neural Operators as Coarse Solvers for Time-Parallelisation of Fusion MHD Simulations

S. J. P. Pamela, N. Carey, J. Brandstetter +10

The fusion research facility ITER is currently being assembled to demonstrate that fusion can be used for industrial energy production, while several other programmes across the wo…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 1 cited

Gyrokinetic investigation of toroidal Alfven eigenmode (TAE) turbulence

Ajay C. J., Ben McMillan, Arkaprava Bokshi +3

Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) can transport fusion-born energetic particles out of the plasma volume, thereby decreasing plasma self-heating efficiency and possibly damaging re…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 5 cited

Calculating radio emissions of positive streamer phenomena using 3D simulations

Hemaditya Malla, Brian M. Hare, Steven Cummer +5

We study radio emissions from positive streamers in air using 3D simulations, from which the radiated electric field is computed by solving Jefimenko's equations. The simulations a…

physics.plasm-ph2024★ 6 cited

Influence of collisions on trapped-electron modes in tokamaks and low-shear stellarators

M. C. L. Morren, J. H. E. Proll, J. van Dijk +1

The influence of collisions on the growth rate of trapped-electron modes (TEMs) in core plasmas is assessed through both analytical linear gyrokinetics and linear gyrokinetic simul…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 15 cited

Divertor shaping with neutral baffling as a solution to the tokamak power exhaust challenge

K. Verhaegh, J. R. Harrison, D. Moulton +20

Exhausting power from the hot fusion core to the plasma-facing components is one of the biggest challenges in fusion energy. The MAST Upgrade tokamak uniquely integrates strong con…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 5 cited

On learning latent dynamics of the AUG plasma state

A. Kit, A. E. Järvinen, Y. R. J. Poels +5

In this work, we demonstrate the utility of state representation learning applied to modeling the time evolution of electron density and temperature profiles at ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG)…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 7 cited

Nonlinear mode coupling and energetics of driven magnetized shear-flow turbulence

B. Tripathi, A. E. Fraser, P. W. Terry +3

To comprehensively understand saturation of two-dimensional (D) magnetized Kelvin-Helmholtz-instability-driven turbulence, energy transfer analysis is extended from the traditio…

physics.plasm-ph2023

Enhanced transport at high plasma pressure and sub-threshold kinetic ballooning modes in Wendelstein 7-X

P. Mulholland, K. Aleynikova, B. J. Faber +5

High-performance fusion plasmas, requiring high pressure , are not well-understood in stellarator-type experiments. Here, the effect of on ion-temperature-gradient-driven (I…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 16 cited

Fast transport simulations with higher-fidelity surrogate models for ITER

J. Citrin, P. Trochim, T. Goerler +3

A fast and accurate turbulence transport model based on quasilinear gyrokinetics is developed. The model consists of a set of neural networks trained on a bespoke quasilinear GENE…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 13 cited

Bounce-averaged drifts: Equivalent definitions, numerical implementations, and example cases

R. J. J. Mackenbach, J. M. Duff, M. J. Gerard +3

In this article we provide various analytical and numerical methods for calculating the average drift of magnetically trapped particles across field lines in complex geometries, an…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 23 cited

Fast Dynamic 1D Simulation of Divertor Plasmas with Neural PDE Surrogates

Yoeri Poels, Gijs Derks, Egbert Westerhof +3

Managing divertor plasmas is crucial for operating reactor scale tokamak devices due to heat and particle flux constraints on the divertor target. Simulation is an important tool t…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 26 cited

The role of plasma-atom and molecule interactions on power \& particle balance during detachment on the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor

Kevin Verhaegh, Bruce Lipschultz, James Harrison +12

This paper shows first quantitative analysis of the detachment processes in the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor (SXD). We identify an unprecedented impact of plasma-molecular interac…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 12 cited

Investigation of positive streamers in CO: experiments and 3D particle-in-cell simulations

Xiaoran Li, Siebe Dijcks, Anbang Sun +2

We investigate the propagation of positive streamers in CO through 3D particle-in-cell simulations, which are qualitatively compared against experimental results at 50 mbar. Th…

physics.plasm-ph2023★ 16 cited

MHD simulations of formation, sustainment and loss of Quiescent H-mode in the all-tungsten ASDEX Upgrade

Lorenz Meier, Matthias Hoelzl, Andres Cathey +10

Periodic edge localized modes (ELMs) are the non-linear consequences of pressure-gradient-driven ballooning modes and current-driven peeling modes becoming unstable in the pedestal…

physics.plasm-ph2022★ 15 cited

High-resolution electric field and temperature distributions in positive streamers

Siebe Dijcks, Lukáš Kusýn, Jesper Janssen +3

In this work, we aim to take a detailed experimental picture of the positive streamer. We apply optical emission spectroscopy to the first negative system (FNS, ${\rm B}^2Σ_{\rm u}…

physics.plasm-ph2022★ 59 cited

Constructing precisely quasi-isodynamic magnetic fields

Alan Goodman, Katia Camacho Mata, Sophia A Henneberg +6

We present a novel method for numerically finding quasi-isodynamic stellarator magnetic fields with excellent fast-particle confinement and extremely small neoclassical transport.…