output
19952026
most citedWeatherBench: A benchmark dataset for data-driven weather forecasting

506 citations

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36 papers · 1 filter

physics.ao-ph2025★ 1 cited

Observation-guided Interpolation Using Graph Neural Networks for High-Resolution Nowcasting in Switzerland

Ophélia Miralles, Daniele Nerini, Jonas Bhend +2

Recent advances in neural weather forecasting have shown significant potential for accurate short-term forecasts. However, adapting such gridded approaches to smaller, topographica…

physics.ao-ph2025

Diagnostic vs dynamic representation of the inverse barometer effect in a global ocean model and its potential for probabilistic storm surge forecasting

Nils Melsom Kristensen, Kristian Mogensen, Sarah-Jane Lock +1

The global ocean model NEMO is run in a series of stand-alone configurations (2015-2022) to investigate the potential for improving global medium-range storm surge forecasts by inc…

physics.ao-ph2025★ 3 cited

Seasonal forecasting using the GenCast probabilistic machine learning model

Bobby Antonio, Kristian Strommen, Hannah M. Christensen

Machine-learnt weather prediction (MLWP) models are now well established as being competitive with conventional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models in the medium range. Howev…

physics.ao-ph2025

Radiosonde-constrained reconstructions reveal a weakening Northern Hadley circulation

Matic Pikovnik, Žiga Zaplotnik

The Northern Hadley cell (NHC) is a fundamental component of Earth's atmospheric circulation, governing precipitation patterns affecting nearly four billion people. Despite its imp…

physics.ao-ph2024★ 2 cited

Ensemble reliability and the signal-to-noise paradox in ECMWF subseasonal forecasts

Christopher David Roberts, Frederic Vitart

Ensemble forecasts can exhibit counterintuitive statistical properties such that the correlation between ensemble means and observations () exceeds the correlation between…

physics.ao-ph2024★ 8 cited

Unbiased calculation, evaluation, and calibration of ensemble forecast anomalies

Christopher D. Roberts, Martin Leutbecher

Long-range ensemble forecasts are typically verified as anomalies with respect to a lead-time dependent climatological mean to remove the influence of systematic biases. However, c…

physics.ao-ph2023★ 408 cited

Neural General Circulation Models for Weather and Climate

Dmitrii Kochkov, Janni Yuval, Ian Langmore +13

General circulation models (GCMs) are the foundation of weather and climate prediction. GCMs are physics-based simulators which combine a numerical solver for large-scale dynamics…

physics.ao-ph2023★ 164 cited

The rise of data-driven weather forecasting

Zied Ben-Bouallegue, Mariana C A Clare, Linus Magnusson +14

Data-driven modeling based on machine learning (ML) is showing enormous potential for weather forecasting. Rapid progress has been made with impressive results for some application…

physics.ao-ph2022★ 8 cited

Deep learning for quality control of surface physiographic fields using satellite Earth observations

Tom Kimpson, Margarita Choulga, Matthew Chantry +4

A purposely built deep learning algorithm for the Verification of Earth-System ParametERisation (VESPER) is used to assess recent upgrades of the global physiographic datasets unde…

physics.ao-ph2022

Perspectives on the importance of complex systems in understanding ourclimate and climate change -- The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021

Shraddha Gupta, Nikolaos Mastrantonas, Cristina Masoller +1

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their 'groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems'…

physics.ao-ph2022★ 201 cited

A Generative Deep Learning Approach to Stochastic Downscaling of Precipitation Forecasts

Lucy Harris, Andrew T. T. McRae, Matthew Chantry +2

Despite continuous improvements, precipitation forecasts are still not as accurate and reliable as those of other meteorological variables. A major contributing factor to this is t…

physics.ao-ph2022★ 33 cited

The Impact of a Reduced High-wind Charnock Parameter on Wave Growth With Application to the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Arctic Ocean

Øyvind Breivik, Ana Carrasco, Hilde Haakenstad +8

As atmospheric models move to higher resolution and resolve smaller scales, the maximum modeled wind speed also tends to increase. Wave models tuned to coarser wind fields tend to…

physics.ao-ph2021

A comparison of data-driven approaches to build low-dimensional ocean models

Niraj Agarwal, Dmitri Kondrashov, Peter Dueben +2

We present a comprehensive inter-comparison of linear regression (LR), stochastic, and deep-learning approaches for reduced-order statistical emulation of ocean circulation. The re…

physics.ao-ph2021★ 37 cited

What do large-scale patterns teach us about extreme precipitation over the Mediterranean at medium- and extended-range forecasts?

Nikolaos Mastrantonas, Linus Magnusson, Florian Pappenberger +1

Extreme Precipitation Events (EPEs) can have devastating consequences such as floods and landslides, posing a great threat to society and the economy. Predicting such events long i…

physics.ao-ph2021★ 166 cited

Bridging observation, theory and numerical simulation of the ocean using Machine Learning

Maike Sonnewald, Redouane Lguensat, Daniel C. Jones +3

Progress within physical oceanography has been concurrent with the increasing sophistication of tools available for its study. The incorporation of machine learning (ML) techniques…

physics.ao-ph2021★ 60 cited

Machine learning emulation of gravity wave drag in numerical weather forecasting

Matthew Chantry, Sam Hatfield, Peter Duben +2

We assess the value of machine learning as an accelerator for the parameterisation schemes of operational weather forecasting systems, specifically the parameterisation of non-orog…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 1 cited

Machine-Learned Preconditioners for Linear Solvers in Geophysical Fluid Flows

Jan Ackmann, Peter D. Düben, Tim N. Palmer +1

It is tested whether machine learning methods can be used for preconditioning to increase the performance of the linear solver -- the backbone of the semi-implicit, grid-point mode…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 92 cited

Extreme precipitation events in the Mediterranean: Spatiotemporal characteristics and connection to large-scale atmospheric flow patterns

Nikolaos Mastrantonas, Pedro Herrera-Lormendez, Linus Magnusson +2

The Mediterranean is strongly affected by Extreme Precipitation Events (EPEs), sometimes leading to negative impacts on society, economy, and the environment. Understanding such na…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 108 cited

A comparative study of convolutional neural network models for wind field downscaling

Kevin Höhlein, Michael Kern, Timothy Hewson +1

We analyze the applicability of convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for downscaling of short-range forecasts of near-surface winds on extended spatial domains. Short-r…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 199 cited

The 2019/20 Australian wildfires generated a persistent smoke-charged vortex rising up to 35 km altitude

Sergey Khaykin, Bernard Legras, Silvia Bucci +9

The Australian bushfires around the turn of the year 2020 generated an unprecedented perturbation of stratospheric composition, dynamical circulation and radiative balance. Here we…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 205 cited

Statistical Postprocessing for Weather Forecasts -- Review, Challenges and Avenues in a Big Data World

Stéphane Vannitsem, John Bjørnar Bremnes, Jonathan Demaeyer +21

Statistical postprocessing techniques are nowadays key components of the forecasting suites in many National Meteorological Services (NMS), with for most of them, the objective of…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 46 cited

A new low-cost technique improves weather forecasts across the world

Tim D. Hewson, Fatima M. Pillosu

Computer-generated forecasts divide the earth's surface into gridboxes, each now ~25% of the size of London, and predict one value per gridbox. If weather varies markedly within a…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 19 cited

Beyond skill scores: exploring sub-seasonal forecast value through a case study of French month-ahead energy prediction

Joshua Dorrington, Isla Finney, Tim Palmer +1

We quantify the value of sub-seasonal forecasts for a real-world prediction problem: the forecasting of French month-ahead energy demand. Using surface temperature as a predictor,…

physics.ao-ph2020★ 506 cited

WeatherBench: A benchmark dataset for data-driven weather forecasting

Stephan Rasp, Peter D. Dueben, Sebastian Scher +3

Data-driven approaches, most prominently deep learning, have become powerful tools for prediction in many domains. A natural question to ask is whether data-driven methods could al…