Lanthanide-Dependent Clustering in Yb${}^{3+}$/Ln${}^{3+}$ Co-Doped CaF${}_2$ Nanocrystals: Correlating Spectroscopic Signatures with DFT Insights

Sangeetha Balabhadra, Haoming Xu, Jiajia Cai +3

The formation of heterogeneous lanthanide-ion clusters in CaF${}_2$ was investigated experimentally and computationally. CaF${}_2$ nanoparticles co-doped with 20~mol\% Yb${}^{3+}$ and 2~…