Publications (69)
Recurrence rates for shifts of finite type
Demi Allen, Simon Baker, Balázs Bárány
Let be a topologically mixing shift of finite type, let be the usual left-shift, and let be the Gibbs measure for a Hölder continuous potential…
Distinct dimensions for attractors of bi-Lipschitz iterated function systems
Simon Baker, Amlan Banaji, De-Jun Feng +2
In this paper, we construct an iterated function system on the line consisting of two bi-Lipschitz contractions whose attractor has distinct lower, Hausdorff, lower box, upper box,…
On periodic representations in non-Pisot bases
Simon Baker, Zuzana Masáková, Edita Pelantová +1
We study periodic expansions in positional number systems with a base $β\in\C,\ |β|>1$, and with coefficients in a finite set of digits $\A\subset\C.$ We are interested in determ…
On the complexity of the set of codings for self-similar sets and a variation on the construction of Champernowne
Simon Baker, Derong Kong
Let be a collection of points in The set naturally gives rise to a family of iterated function systems consisting of co…
Entropy, topological transitivity, and dimensional properties of unique -expansions
Rafael Alcaraz Barrera, Simon Baker, Derong Kong
Let be a positive integer and We consider expansions of real numbers in base over the alphabet . In particular, we study the set $\mathcal{…
On the regularity of the generalised golden ratio function
Simon Baker, Wolfgang Steiner
Given a finite set of real numbers , the generalised golden ratio is the unique real number for which we only have trivial unique expansions in smaller base…
Metric results for numbers with multiple -expansions
Simon Baker, Yuru Zou
Let be a positive integer and . A -expansion of a real number is a sequence with such that $x=\sum_{i=1}^{…
On normal numbers and self-similar measures
Amir Algom, Simon Baker, Pablo Shmerkin
Let be a self-similar IFS on and let be a Pisot number. We prove that if …
On finitely many base expansions
Simon Baker, George Bender
Given some integer , we find the first explicit collection of countably many intervals in such that for any in one of these intervals, the set of points with…
Spectral gaps and Fourier dimension for self-conformal sets with overlaps
Simon Baker, Tuomas Sahlsten
We prove a uniform spectral gap for complex transfer operators near the critical line associated to overlapping iterated function systems on the real line satisfying a Unifor…
New dimension bounds for sets
Simon Baker
In this paper we obtain new lower bounds for the upper box dimension of sets. As a corollary of our main result, we show that if is not a Liouville number and is a…
Stylistic Dialogue Generation via Information-Guided Reinforcement Learning Strategy
Yixuan Su, Deng Cai, Yan Wang +4
Stylistic response generation is crucial for building an engaging dialogue system for industrial use. While it has attracted much research interest, existing methods often generate…
On the cardinality and dimension of the slices of Okamoto's functions
Simon Baker, George Bender
The graphs of Okamoto's functions, denoted by , are self-affine fractal curves contained in , parameterised by . In this paper we consider the cardinalit…
An infinitely generated self-similar set with positive Lebesgue measure and empty interior
Simon Baker, Nikita Sidorov
Peres and Solomyak asked the question: Do there exist self-similar sets with positive Lebesgue measure and empty interior? This question was answered in the affirmative by Csörnye…
Rethinking Clinical Relevance in Chest X-ray Machine Learning: How Evaluation References Define Performance
Panagiotis Fytas, Ian Selby, Clemens Karner +14
Chest X-ray (CXR) machine learning relies heavily on automated evaluation using reference standards that aim to approximate clinical judgment. However, commonly used report-derived…
An analogue of Khintchine's theorem for self-conformal sets
Simon Baker
Khintchine's theorem is a classical result from metric number theory which relates the Lebesgue measure of certain limsup sets with the convergence/divergence of naturally occurrin…
On the pair correlations of powers of real numbers
Christoph Aistleitner, Simon Baker
A classical theorem of Koksma states that for Lebesgue almost every the sequence is uniformly distributed modulo one. In the present paper we extend Ko…
Root sets of polynomials and power series with finite choices of coefficients
Simon Baker, Han Yu
Given two natural objects to study are the set of zeros of polynomials with coefficients in , $$\{z\in \mathbb{C}: \exists k>0,\, \exists (a_n)\in H^{k+1…
Prototype-to-Style: Dialogue Generation with Style-Aware Editing on Retrieval Memory
Yixuan Su, Yan Wang, Simon Baker +4
The ability of a dialog system to express prespecified language style during conversations has a direct, positive impact on its usability and on user satisfaction. We introduce a n…
Intrinsic Diophantine Approximation for overlapping iterated function systems
Simon Baker
In this paper we study a family of limsup sets that are defined using iterated function systems. Our main result is an analogue of Khintchine's theorem for these sets. We then appl…
Approximation properties of -expansions
Simon Baker
Let and . We call a sequence a -expansion for if $x=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}ε_{i}β^{-i}$.…
A quantitative framework for sets of exact approximation order by rational numbers
Simon Baker, Benjamin Ward
In this paper we study a quantitative notion of exactness within Diophantine approximation. Given and satisfying $\lim_{q\to\…
Equidistribution results for sequences of polynomials
Simon Baker
Let be a sequence of polynomials and . In this paper we study the distribution of the sequence modulo one. We give sufficien…
Equidistribution results for self-similar measures
Simon Baker
A well known theorem due to Koksma states that for Lebesgue almost every the sequence is uniformly distributed modulo one. In this paper we give suffic…
On the Fourier transform of random Bernoulli convolutions
Simon Baker, Henna Koivusalo, Sascha Troscheit +1
We investigate random Bernoulli convolutions, namely, probability measures given by the infinite convolution \[ μ_Ï= \mathop{\circledast}_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{δ_0 + δ_{Î…
On the strong separation condition for self-similar iterated function systems with random translations
Simon Baker, Derong Kong, Zhiqiang Wang
Given a self-similar iterated function system acting on , we can generate a parameterised family of iterated function system…
Bifurcation sets arising from non-integer base expansions
Pieter Allaart, Simon Baker, Derong Kong
Given a positive integer and , let be the set of having a unique -expansion: there exists a unique sequence $(x_i)=x_1x_2\ldot…
Can Rule-Based Insights Enhance LLMs for Radiology Report Classification? Introducing the RadPrompt Methodology
Panagiotis Fytas, Anna Breger, Ian Selby +3
Developing imaging models capable of detecting pathologies from chest X-rays can be cost and time-prohibitive for large datasets as it requires supervision to attain state-of-the-a…
Quantitative recurrence and the shrinking target problem for overlapping iterated function systems
Simon Baker, Henna Koivusalo
In this paper we study quantitative recurrence and the shrinking target problem for dynamical systems coming from overlapping iterated function systems. Such iterated function syst…
Polynomial Fourier decay for fractal measures and their pushforwards
Simon Baker, Amlan Banaji
We prove that the pushforwards of a very general class of fractal measures on under a large family of non-linear maps exh…
Exceptional digit frequencies and expansions in non-integer bases
Simon Baker
In this paper we study the set of digit frequencies that are realised by elements of the set of -expansions. The main result of this paper demonstrates that as approaches…
Self-similar and self-conformal measures with slow Fourier decay
Simon Baker, Amlan Banaji
Given any function satisfying , we prove the existence of i) self-similar measures and ii) nonlinear self-…
On the distribution of powers of real numbers modulo 1
Simon Baker
Given a strictly increasing sequence of positive real numbers tending to infinity , and an arbitrary sequence of real numbers We s…
On small bases which admit countably many expansions
Simon Baker
Let and . We say that a sequence is an expansion of in base (or a -expansion) if x=\sum_{…
Iterated function systems with super-exponentially close cylinders II
Simon Baker
Until recently, it was an important open problem in Fractal Geometry to determine whether there exists an iterated function system acting on with no exact overlaps for…
The growth rate and dimension theory of beta-expansions
Simon Baker
In a recent paper of Feng and Sidorov they show that for the set of -expansions grows exponentially for every . In this…
Approximation properties of -expansions II
Simon Baker
Given and , a sequence is called a -expansion for if $$x=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\frac{ε_{…
Dynamical properties of S-gap shifts and other shift spaces
Simon Baker, Andrei E. Ghenciu
We study the dynamical properties of certain shift spaces. To help study these properties we introduce two new classes of shifts, namely boundedly supermultiplicative (BSM) shifts…
Two bifurcation sets arising from the beta transformation with a hole at
Simon Baker, Derong Kong
Given the -transformation on the circle with a hole was investigated by Kalle et al.~(2019). They described the set-…
Numbers with simply normal -expansions
Simon Baker, Derong Kong
In [Bak] the first author proved that for any every has a simply normal -expansion, where is the Komornik-…
Inhomogeneous self-similar sets with overlaps
Simon Baker, Jonathan M. Fraser, András Máthé
It is known that if the underlying iterated function system satisfies the open set condition, then the upper box dimension of an inhomogeneous self-similar set is the maximum of th…
Unique expansions and intersections of Cantor sets
Simon Baker, Derong Kong
To each we associate the Cantor set In this paper we consider the intersection $Î_…
Maximising Bernoulli measures and dimension gaps for countable branched systems
Simon Baker, Natalia Jurga
Kifer, Peres, and Weiss proved that there exists such that for any probability measure which makes the digits of the continued fraction expansion…
Analogues of Khintchine's theorem for random attractors
Simon Baker, Sascha Troscheit
In this paper we study random iterated function systems. Our main result gives sufficient conditions for an analogue of a well known theorem due to Khintchine from Diophantine appr…
Few-Shot Table-to-Text Generation with Prototype Memory
Yixuan Su, Zaiqiao Meng, Simon Baker +1
Neural table-to-text generation models have achieved remarkable progress on an array of tasks. However, due to the data-hungry nature of neural models, their performances strongly…
On universal and periodic -expansions, and the Hausdorff dimension of the set of all expansions
Simon Baker
In this paper we study the topology of a set naturally arising from the study of -expansions. After proving several elementary results for this set we study the case when our b…
Disintegration results for fractal measures and applications to Diophantine approximation
Simon Baker
In this paper we prove disintegration results for self-conformal measures and affinely irreducible self-similar measures. The measures appearing in the disintegration resemble self…
A note on dyadic approximation in Cantor's set
Demi Allen, Simon Baker, Sam Chow +1
We consider the convergence theory for dyadic approximation in the middle-third Cantor set, , for approximation functions of the form (). In partic…
Pair correlation statistics for dynamical systems
Simon Baker, Mike Todd
We study the pair correlation statistics of orbits generated by maps on the interval. We show that under suitable mixing and multifractal assumptions, the pair correlation statisti…
Fourier Decay from -Flattening
Simon Baker, Osama Khalil, Tuomas Sahlsten
We develop a unified approach for establishing rates of decay for the Fourier transform of a wide class of dynamically defined measures. Among the key features of the method is the…
Expansions in non-integer bases: lower order revisited
Simon Baker, Nikita Sidorov
Let and . We say that a sequence is an expansion of in base (or a -expansion) if…
A General Mass Transference Principle
Demi Allen, Simon Baker
In this paper we prove a general form of the Mass Transference Principle for sets defined via neighbourhoods of sets satisfying a certain local scaling property. Such set…
Quantitative recurrence properties for self-conformal sets
Simon Baker, Michael Farmer
In this paper we study the quantitative recurrence properties of self-conformal sets equipped with the map induced by the left shift. In particular, given a function…
Approximating elements of the middle third Cantor set with dyadic rationals
Simon Baker
Let be the middle third Cantor set and be the -dimensional Hausdorff measure restricted to . In this paper we study approximations of elements of…
Iterated function systems with super-exponentially close cylinders
Simon Baker
Several important conjectures in Fractal Geometry can be summarised as follows: If the dimension of a self-similar measure in does not equal its expected value, then t…
On the cardinality and complexity of the set of codings for self-similar sets with positive Lebesgue measure
Simon Baker
Let be real numbers in and be points in . Consider the collection of maps $f_{j}:\mathbb{R}^{d}\to\mathbb{R}^{d}…
Dialogue Response Selection with Hierarchical Curriculum Learning
Yixuan Su, Deng Cai, Qingyu Zhou +6
We study the learning of a matching model for dialogue response selection. Motivated by the recent finding that models trained with random negative samples are not ideal in real-wo…
On small bases for which has countably many expansions
Yuru Zou, Lijin Wang, Jian Lu +1
Let . A -expansion of a number in is a sequence satisfying $$ x=\sum_{i=1}^\infty\frac{δ_i}{q^i}…
Multi-SimLex: A Large-Scale Evaluation of Multilingual and Cross-Lingual Lexical Semantic Similarity
Ivan VuliÄ, Simon Baker, Edoardo Maria Ponti +9
We introduce Multi-SimLex, a large-scale lexical resource and evaluation benchmark covering datasets for 12 typologically diverse languages, including major languages (e.g., Mandar…
A multifractal zeta function for cookie cutter sets
Simon Baker
Starting with the work of Lapidus and van Frankenhuysen a number of papers have introduced zeta functions as a way of capturing multifractal information. In this paper we propose a…
Badly approximable numbers for sequences of balls
Simon Baker
It is a classical result from Diophantine approximation that the set of badly approximable numbers has Lebesgue measure zero. In this paper we generalise this result to more genera…
Generalised golden ratios over integer alphabets
Simon Baker
It is a well known result that for and there exists uncountably many such t…
Gap statistics and higher correlations for geometric progressions modulo one
Christoph Aistleitner, Simon Baker, Niclas Technau +1
Koksma's equidistribution theorem from 1935 states that for Lebesgue almost every , the fractional parts of the geometric progression are equidistributed…
Overlapping iterated function systems from the perspective of Metric Number Theory
Simon Baker
In this paper we develop a new approach for studying overlapping iterated function systems. This approach is inspired by a famous result due to Khintchine from Diophantine approxim…
Induced Random -transformation
Simon Baker, Karma Dajani
In this article we study the first return map defined on the switch region induced by the greedy and lazy maps. In particular we study the allowable sequences of return times, and…
Non-Autoregressive Text Generation with Pre-trained Language Models
Yixuan Su, Deng Cai, Yan Wang +4
Non-autoregressive generation (NAG) has recently attracted great attention due to its fast inference speed. However, the generation quality of existing NAG models still lags behind…
On univoque points for self-similar sets
Simon Baker, Karma Dajani, Kan Jiang
Let be the unique attractor of an iterated function system. We consider the case where is an interval and study those elements of with a unique codin…
On normal numbers and self-similar measures
Simon Baker
In this paper we prove that if is an equicontractive iterated function system and is a positive integer satisfying $\frac{\log b}{\log |λ|}\notin\mathbb{…
Digit frequencies and self-affine sets with non-empty interior
Simon Baker
In this paper we study digit frequencies in the setting of expansions in non-integer bases, and self-affine sets with non-empty interior. Within expansions in non-integer bases we…