papers

Publications (5)

cs.CL2025

Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities

Gheorghe Comanici, Eric Bieber, Mike Schaekermann +3431

In this report, we introduce the Gemini 2.X model family: Gemini 2.5 Pro and Gemini 2.5 Flash, as well as our earlier Gemini 2.0 Flash and Flash-Lite models. Gemini 2.5 Pro is our…

cs.LG2021

Synthetic Returns for Long-Term Credit Assignment

David Raposo, Sam Ritter, Adam Santoro +5

Since the earliest days of reinforcement learning, the workhorse method for assigning credit to actions over time has been temporal-difference (TD) learning, which propagates credi…

cs.LG2024

Mixture-of-Depths: Dynamically allocating compute in transformer-based language models

David Raposo, Sam Ritter, Blake Richards +3

Transformer-based language models spread FLOPs uniformly across input sequences. In this work we demonstrate that transformers can instead learn to dynamically allocate FLOPs (or c…

cs.LG2022

How to Learn and Represent Abstractions: An Investigation using Symbolic Alchemy

Badr AlKhamissi, Akshay Srinivasan, Zeb-Kurth Nelson +1

Alchemy is a new meta-learning environment rich enough to contain interesting abstractions, yet simple enough to make fine-grained analysis tractable. Further, Alchemy provides an…

cs.LG2021

Rapid Task-Solving in Novel Environments

Sam Ritter, Ryan Faulkner, Laurent Sartran +3

We propose the challenge of rapid task-solving in novel environments (RTS), wherein an agent must solve a series of tasks as rapidly as possible in an unfamiliar environment. An ef…