Publications (58)
Predicting electromagnetic counterparts using low-latency, gravitational-wave data products
Cosmin Stachie, Michael W. Coughlin, Tim Dietrich +8
Searches for gravitational-wave counterparts have been going in earnest since GW170817 and the discovery of AT2017gfo. Since then, the lack of detection of other optical counterpar…
Localization of short duration gravitational-wave transients with the early advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors
Reed Essick, Salvatore Vitale, Erik Katsavounidis +2
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo, advanced ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, will begin collecting science data in 2015. With first…
Bridging the Gap: Categorizing Gravitational-Wave Events at the Transition Between Neutron Stars and Black Holes
Amanda M. Farah, Maya Fishbach, Reed Essick +2
We search for features in the mass distribution of detected compact binary coalescences which signify the transition between neutron stars and black holes. We analyze all gravitati…
Compact Binary Coalescence Sensitivity Estimates with Injection Campaigns during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaborations' Fourth Observing Run
Reed Essick, Michael W. Coughlin, Michael Zevin +21
We describe the effort to characterize gravitational-wave searches and detector sensitivity to different types of compact binary coalescences during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaborat…
iDQ: Statistical Inference of Non-Gaussian Noise with Auxiliary Degrees of Freedom in Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Reed Essick, Patrick Godwin, Chad Hanna +2
Gravitational-wave detectors are exquisitely sensitive instruments and routinely enable ground-breaking observations of novel astronomical phenomena. However, they also witness non…
Nonparametric extensions of nuclear equations of state: probing the breakdown scale of relativistic mean-field theory
Isaac Legred, Liam Brodie, Alexander Haber +2
Phenomenological calculations of the properties of dense matter, such as relativistic mean-field theories, represent a pathway to predicting the microscopic and macroscopic propert…
Calibrating gravitational-wave detectors with GW170817
Reed Essick, Daniel E. Holz
The waveform of a compact binary coalescence is predicted by general relativity. It is therefore possible to directly constrain the response of a gravitational-wave (GW) detector b…
Direct Astrophysical Tests of Chiral Effective Field Theory at Supranuclear Densities
Reed Essick, Ingo Tews, Philippe Landry +2
Recent observations of neutron stars with gravitational waves and X-ray timing provide unprecedented access to the equation of state (EoS) of cold dense matter at densities difficu…
Optimizing Vetoes for Gravitational-wave Transient Searches
Reed Essick, Lindy Blackburn, Erik Katsavounidis
Interferometric gravitational-wave detectors like LIGO, GEO600 and Virgo record a surplus of information above and beyond possible gravitational-wave events. These auxiliary channe…
A neural network emulator of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo selection function
Thomas A. Callister, Reed Essick, Daniel E. Holz
Characterization of search selection effects comprises a core element of gravitational-wave data analysis. Knowledge of selection effects is needed to predict observational prospec…
Incorporation of Statistical Data Quality Information into the GstLAL Search Analysis
Patrick Godwin, Reed Essick, Chad Hanna +20
We present updates to GstLAL, a matched filter gravitational-wave search pipeline, in Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run. We discuss the incorporation of statistical dat…
Low-latency gravitational wave alert products and their performance at the time of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
Sushant Sharma Chaudhary, Andrew Toivonen, Gaurav Waratkar +50
Multi-messenger searches for BNS and NSBH mergers are currently one of the most exciting areas of astronomy. The search for joint electromagnetic and neutrino counterparts to GWs h…
Semianalytic Sensitivity Estimates for Out-of-Bank Gravitational-Wave Signals
Aditya Vijaykumar, Reed Essick
Estimating the sensitivity of gravitational-wave searches is important for a wide variety of scientific applications spanning astrophysics and fundamental physics. In this work, we…
Precision Requirements for Monte Carlo Sums within Hierarchical Bayesian Inference
Reed Essick, Will Farr
Hierarchical Bayesian inference is often conducted with estimates of the target distribution derived from Monte Carlo sums over samples from separate analyses of parts of the hiera…
Enhancing Gravitational-Wave Science with Machine Learning
Elena Cuoco, Jade Powell, Marco Cavaglià +23
Machine learning has emerged as a popular and powerful approach for solving problems in astrophysics. We review applications of machine learning techniques for the analysis of grou…
Orbital decay of hot Jupiters due to nonlinear tidal dissipation within solar-type hosts
Reed Essick, Nevin N. Weinberg
We study the orbital evolution of hot Jupiters due to the excitation and damping of tidally driven -modes within solar-type host stars. Linearly resonant -modes (the dynamica…
Counting on Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: Gravitational-Wave Constraints of Jet Geometry
Amanda Farah, Reed Essick, Zoheyr Doctor +2
The detection of GW170817 in gravitational waves and gamma rays revealed that short gamma-ray bursts are associated with the merger of neutron-stars. Gamma rays are thought to resu…
Probing Extremal Gravitational-Wave Events with Coarse-Grained Likelihoods
Reed Essick, Amanda Farah, Shanika Galaudage +4
As catalogs of gravitational-wave transients grow, new records are set for the most extreme systems observed to date. The most massive observed black holes probe the physics of pai…
Nonparametric constraints on neutron star matter with existing and upcoming gravitational wave and pulsar observations
Philippe Landry, Reed Essick, Katerina Chatziioannou
Observations of neutron stars, whether in binaries or in isolation, provide information about the internal structure of the most extreme material objects in the Universe. In this w…
Impact of the tidal p-g instability on the gravitational wave signal from coalescing binary neutron stars
Reed Essick, Salvatore Vitale, Nevin N. Weinberg
Recent studies suggest that coalescing neutron stars are subject to a fluid instability involving the nonlinear coupling of the tide to -modes and -modes. Its influence on th…
DAGnabbit! Ensuring Consistency between Noise and Detection in Hierarchical Bayesian Inference
Reed Essick, Maya Fishbach
Hierarchical Bayesian inference can simultaneously account for both measurement uncertainty and selection effects within astronomical catalogs. In particular, the hierarchy imposed…
Calibration Uncertainty's Impact on Gravitational-Wave Observations
Reed Essick
Our ability to calibrate current kilometer-scale interferometers can potentially confound the inference of astrophysical signals. Current calibration uncertainties are well describ…
Theoretical and Experimental Constraints for the Equation of State of Dense and Hot Matter
Rajesh Kumar, Veronica Dexheimer, Johannes Jahan +57
This review aims at providing an extensive discussion of modern constraints relevant for dense and hot strongly interacting matter. It includes theoretical first-principle results…
Parameter estimation for gravitational-wave bursts with the BayesWave pipeline
Bence Bécsy, Peter Raffai, Neil J. Cornish +6
We provide a comprehensive multi-aspect study on the performance of a pipeline used by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration for estimating parameters of gravitational-wave bursts. We add s…
Observational Selection Effects with Ground-based Gravitational Wave Detectors
Hsin-Yu Chen, Reed Essick, Salvatore Vitale +2
Ground-based interferometers are not perfectly all-sky instruments, and it is important to account for their behavior when considering the distribution of detected events. In parti…
Nonparametric Inference of Neutron Star Composition, Equation of State, and Maximum Mass with GW170817
Reed Essick, Philippe Landry, Daniel E. Holz
The detection of GW170817 in gravitational waves provides unprecedented constraints on the equation of state (EOS) of the ultra-dense matter within the cores of neutron stars (NSs)…
Tidal Dissipation in WASP-12
Nevin N. Weinberg, Meng Sun, Phil Arras +1
WASP-12 is a hot Jupiter system with an orbital period of , making it one of the shortest-period giant planets known. Recent transit timing observations by Mac…
Implicit correlations within phenomenological parametric models of the neutron star equation of state
Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou, Reed Essick +1
The rapid increase in the number and precision of astrophysical probes of neutron stars in recent years allows for the inference of their equation of state. Observations target dif…
Application of machine learning algorithms to the study of noise artifacts in gravitational-wave data
Rahul Biswas, Lindy Blackburn, Junwei Cao +13
The sensitivity of searches for astrophysical transients in data from the LIGO is generally limited by the presence of transient, non-Gaussian noise artifacts, which occur at a hig…
What You Don't Know Won't Hurt You: Self-Consistent Hierarchical Inference with Unknown Follow-up Selection Strategies
Reed Essick, Amanda M. Farah
Many astronomical surveys prompt follow-up observations, but the decision process through which candidates are selected for follow-up can be difficult to model. This poses a challe…
Does Matter Matter? Using the mass distribution to distinguish neutron stars and black holes
Maya Fishbach, Reed Essick, Daniel E. Holz
Gravitational-wave detectors have opened a new window through which we can observe black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs). Analyzing the 11 detections from LIGO/Virgo's first gr…
A Comparison of p-g Tidal Coupling Analyses
Reed Essick, Nevin N. Weinberg
Two recent studies have attempted to constrain the proposed - tidal instability with gravitational-wave data from GW170817. The studies use Bayesian methods to compare a mode…
Discriminating between Neutron Stars and Black Holes with Imperfect Knowledge of the Maximum Neutron Star Mass
Reed Essick, Philippe Landry
Although gravitational-wave signals from exceptional low-mass compact binary coalescences, like GW170817, may carry matter signatures that differentiate the source from a binary bl…
Performance of the low-latency GstLAL inspiral search towards LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA's fourth observing run
Becca Ewing, Rachael Huxford, Divya Singh +40
GstLAL is a stream-based matched-filtering search pipeline aiming at the prompt discovery of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences such as the mergers of black holes…
Non-parametric inference of the neutron star equation of state from gravitational wave observations
Philippe Landry, Reed Essick
We develop a non-parametric method for inferring the universal neutron star (NS) equation of state (EOS) from gravitational wave (GW) observations. Many different possible realizat…
Striking a Chord with Spectral Sirens: multiple features in the compact binary population correlate with
Utkarsh Mali, Reed Essick
Spectral siren measurements of the Hubble constant () rely on correlations between observed detector-frame masses and luminosity distances. Features in the source-frame mass d…
When to Sweat the Small Stuff: identifying the most informative events from ground-based gravitational-wave detectors
Reed Essick, Daniel E. Holz
We explore scaling relations for the information carried by individual events, and how that information accumulates in catalogs like those from ground-based gravitational-wave dete…
An information-theoretic approach to the gravitational-wave burst detection problem
Ryan Lynch, Salvatore Vitale, Reed Essick +2
The observational era of gravitational-wave astronomy began in the Fall of 2015 with the detection of GW150914. One potential type of detectable gravitational wave is short-duratio…
Phase Transition Phenomenology with Nonparametric Representations of the Neutron Star Equation of State
Reed Essick, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou +2
Astrophysical observations of neutron stars probe the structure of dense nuclear matter and have the potential to reveal phase transitions at high densities. Most recent analyses a…
Assessing equation of state-independent relations for neutron stars with nonparametric models
Isaac Legred, Bubakar O. Sy-Garcia, Katerina Chatziioannou +1
Relations between neutron star properties that do not depend on the nuclear equation of state offer insights on neutron star physics and have practical applications in data analysi…
QoQ: a Q-transform based test for Gravitational Wave transient events
Siddharth Soni, Ethan Marx, Erik Katsavounidis +6
The observation of transient gravitational waves is hindered by the presence of transient noise, colloquially referred to as glitches. These glitches can often be misidentified as…
An Isotropy Measurement with Gravitational Wave Observations
Reed Essick, Will M. Farr, Maya Fishbach +2
We constrain the distribution of merging compact binaries across the celestial sphere using the GWTC-3 catalog from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaborations' (LVK) third observing run.…
Astrophysical Constraints on the Symmetry Energy and the Neutron Skin of Pb with Minimal Modeling Assumptions
Reed Essick, Ingo Tews, Philippe Landry +1
The symmetry energy and its density dependence are crucial inputs for many nuclear physics and astrophysics applications, as they determine properties ranging from the neutron-skin…
Can LIGO Detect Daylight Savings Time?
Reed Essick
Yes, it can. Catalogs produced by networks of Gravitational-wave interferometers are subject to complicated selection effects, and the gold-standard remains direct measurements of…
What to expect: kilonova light curve predictions via equation of state marginalization
Andrew Toivonen, Gargi Mansingh, Holton Griffin +13
Efficient multi-messenger observations of gravitational-wave candidates from compact binary coalescence candidate events rely on data products reported in low-latency by the Intern…
A Detailed Examination of Astrophysical Constraints on the Symmetry Energy and the Neutron Skin of Pb with Minimal Modeling Assumptions
Reed Essick, Philippe Landry, Achim Schwenk +1
The symmetry energy and its density dependence are pivotal for many nuclear physics and astrophysics applications, as they determine properties ranging from the neutron-skin thickn…
Distinguishing between Black Holes and Neutron Stars within a Population of Weak Tidal Measurements
Michael Müller, Reed Essick
We study the ability of tidal signatures within the inspiral of compact binaries observed through gravitational waves (GWs) to distinguish between neutron stars (NSs) and black hol…
Selection Effects in Periodic X-ray Data from Maximizing Detection Statistics
Reed Essick
The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) records data of exceptional quality on the energy-dependent X-ray pulse profile of pulsars. However, in searching for evidenc…
Impact of the PSR J0740+6620 radius constraint on the properties of high-density matter
Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou, Reed Essick +2
X-ray pulse profile modeling of PSR J0740+6620, the most massive known pulsar, with data from the NICER and XMM-Newton observatories recently led to a measurement of its radius. We…
When are LIGO/Virgo's Big Black-Hole Mergers?
Maya Fishbach, Zoheyr Doctor, Thomas Callister +6
We study the evolution of the binary black hole (BBH) mass distribution across cosmic time. The second gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-2) from LIGO/Virgo contains BBH ev…
Unified nonparametric equation-of-state inference from the neutron-star crust to perturbative-QCD densities
Eliot Finch, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou +3
Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD), while valid only at densities exceeding those found in the cores of neutron stars, could provide constraints on the dense-matter equatio…
Guesswork in the gap: the impact of uncertainty in the compact binary population on source classification
Utkarsh Mali, Reed Essick
The nature of the compact objects within the supposed "lower mass gap" remains uncertain. Observations of GW190814 and GW230529 highlight the challenges gravitational waves face in…
Exotic Stable Branches with Efficient TOV Sequences
Reed Essick
Modern inference schemes for the neutron star equation of state (EoS) require large numbers of stellar models constructed with different EoS, and these stellar models must capture…
On similarity of binary black hole gravitational-wave skymaps: to observe or to wait?
Salvatore Vitale, Reed Essick, Erik Katsavounidis +2
Localization estimates for GW150914, the first binary black hole detected by the LIGO instruments, were shared with partner facilities for electromagnetic follow-up. While the sour…
Frequency-Dependent Responses in 3rd Generation Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Reed Essick, Salvatore Vitale, Matthew Evans
Interferometric gravitational wave detectors are dynamic instruments. Changing gravitational-wave strains influence the trajectories of null geodesics and therefore modify the inte…
Semianalytic Sensitivity Estimates for Catalogs of Gravitational-Wave Transients
Reed Essick
I investigate the sensitivity of gravitational-wave searches by analyzing the response of matched filters in stationary Gaussian noise. In particular, I focus on the ability to ana…
Orbital Decay of Hot Jupiters due to Weakly Nonlinear Tidal Dissipation
Nevin N. Weinberg, Niyousha Davachi, Reed Essick +3
We study tidal dissipation in hot Jupiter host stars due to the nonlinear damping of tidally driven -modes, extending the calculations of Essick & Weinberg (2016) to a wide vari…
A Coincidence Null Test for Poisson-Distributed Events
Reed Essick, Geoffrey Mo, Erik Katsavounidis
When transient events are observed with multiple sensors, it is often necessary to establish the significance of coincident events. We derive a universal null test for an arbitrary…