papers

Publications (60)

cs.LG2017

Generalized Inverse Classification

Michael T. Lash, Qihang Lin, W. Nick Street +2

Inverse classification is the process of perturbing an instance in a meaningful way such that it is more likely to conform to a specific class. Historical methods that address such…

math.OC2025

Lower Complexity Bounds of First-order Methods for Affinely Constrained Composite Non-convex Problems

Wei Liu, Qihang Lin, Yangyang Xu

Many recent studies on first-order methods (FOMs) focus on \emph{composite non-convex non-smooth} optimization with linear and/or nonlinear function constraints. Upper (or worst-ca…

math.OC2017

DSCOVR: Randomized Primal-Dual Block Coordinate Algorithms for Asynchronous Distributed Optimization

Lin Xiao, Adams Wei Yu, Qihang Lin +1

Machine learning with big data often involves large optimization models. For distributed optimization over a cluster of machines, frequent communication and synchronization of all…

cs.LG2021

Self-guided Approximate Linear Programs

Parshan Pakiman, Selvaprabu Nadarajah, Negar Soheili +1

Approximate linear programs (ALPs) are well-known models based on value function approximations (VFAs) to obtain policies and lower bounds on the optimal policy cost of discounted-…

cs.LG2025

Learning to Rank with Top- Fairness

Boyang Zhang, Quanqi Hu, Mingxuan Sun +2

Fairness in ranking models is crucial, as disparities in exposure can disproportionately affect protected groups. Most fairness-aware ranking systems focus on ensuring comparable a…

math.OC2016

Distributed Stochastic Variance Reduced Gradient Methods and A Lower Bound for Communication Complexity

Jason D. Lee, Qihang Lin, Tengyu Ma +1

We study distributed optimization algorithms for minimizing the average of convex functions. The applications include empirical risk minimization problems in statistical machine le…

cs.LG2019

Stochastic Primal-Dual Algorithms with Faster Convergence than for Problems without Bilinear Structure

Yan Yan, Yi Xu, Qihang Lin +2

Previous studies on stochastic primal-dual algorithms for solving min-max problems with faster convergence heavily rely on the bilinear structure of the problem, which restricts th…

cs.LG2026

Single-loop Algorithms for Stochastic Non-convex Optimization with Weakly-Convex Constraints

Ming Yang, Gang Li, Quanqi Hu +2

Constrained optimization with multiple functional inequality constraints has significant applications in machine learning. This paper examines a crucial subset of such problems whe…

math.OC2023

Oracle Complexity of Single-Loop Switching Subgradient Methods for Non-Smooth Weakly Convex Functional Constrained Optimization

Yankun Huang, Qihang Lin

We consider a non-convex constrained optimization problem, where the objective function is weakly convex and the constraint function is either convex or weakly convex. To solve thi…

cs.LG2016

Optimal Stochastic Strongly Convex Optimization with a Logarithmic Number of Projections

Jianhui Chen, Tianbao Yang, Qihang Lin +2

We consider stochastic strongly convex optimization with a complex inequality constraint. This complex inequality constraint may lead to computationally expensive projections in al…

math.OC2017

A Richer Theory of Convex Constrained Optimization with Reduced Projections and Improved Rates

Tianbao Yang, Qihang Lin, Lijun Zhang

This paper focuses on convex constrained optimization problems, where the solution is subject to a convex inequality constraint. In particular, we aim at challenging problems for w…

cs.LG2025

Multi-Output Distributional Fairness via Post-Processing

Gang Li, Qihang Lin, Ayush Ghosh +1

The post-processing approaches are becoming prominent techniques to enhance machine learning models' fairness because of their intuitiveness, low computational cost, and excellent…

math.OC2019

Distributionally Robust Optimization with Confidence Bands for Probability Density Functions

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Guanglin Xu

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) has been introduced for solving stochastic programs where the distribution of the random parameters is unknown and must be estimated by s…

cs.LG2018

A Unified Analysis of Stochastic Momentum Methods for Deep Learning

Yan Yan, Tianbao Yang, Zhe Li +2

Stochastic momentum methods have been widely adopted in training deep neural networks. However, their theoretical analysis of convergence of the training objective and the generali…

cs.LG2025

A Retention-Centric Framework for Continual Learning with Guaranteed Model Developmental Safety

Gang Li, Wendi Yu, Yao Yao +4

In real-world applications, learning-enabled systems often undergo iterative model development to address challenging or emerging tasks, which involve collecting new data, training…

cs.LG2016

Stochastic subGradient Methods with Linear Convergence for Polyhedral Convex Optimization

Tianbao Yang, Qihang Lin

In this paper, we show that simple {Stochastic} subGradient Decent methods with multiple Restarting, named {\bf RSGD}, can achieve a \textit{linear convergence rate} for a class of…

math.OC2019

Stochastic Optimization for DC Functions and Non-smooth Non-convex Regularizers with Non-asymptotic Convergence

Yi Xu, Qi Qi, Qihang Lin +2

Difference of convex (DC) functions cover a broad family of non-convex and possibly non-smooth and non-differentiable functions, and have wide applications in machine learning and…

math.ST2015

Fast Sparse Least-Squares Regression with Non-Asymptotic Guarantees

Tianbao Yang, Lijun Zhang, Qihang Lin +1

In this paper, we study a fast approximation method for {\it large-scale high-dimensional} sparse least-squares regression problem by exploiting the Johnson-Lindenstrauss (JL) tran…

stat.ML2012

Smoothing proximal gradient method for general structured sparse regression

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Seyoung Kim +2

We study the problem of estimating high-dimensional regression models regularized by a structured sparsity-inducing penalty that encodes prior structural information on either the…

math.OC2026

Inexact Moreau Envelope Lagrangian Method for Non-Convex Constrained Optimization under Local Error Bound Conditions on Constraint Functions

Yankun Huang, Qihang Lin, Yangyang Xu

In this paper, we investigate how structural properties of the constraint system impact the oracle complexity of smooth non-convex optimization problems with convex inequality cons…

math.NA2015

On Data Preconditioning for Regularized Loss Minimization

Tianbao Yang, Rong Jin, Shenghuo Zhu +1

In this work, we study data preconditioning, a well-known and long-existing technique, for boosting the convergence of first-order methods for regularized loss minimization. It is…

cs.LG2026

Enforcing Fair Predicted Scores on Intervals of Percentiles by Difference-of-Convex Constraints

Yutian He, Yankun Huang, Yao Yao +1

Fairness in machine learning has become a critical concern. Existing approaches often focus on achieving full fairness across all score ranges generated by predictive models, ensur…

math.OC2018

RSG: Beating Subgradient Method without Smoothness and Strong Convexity

Tianbao Yang, Qihang Lin

In this paper, we study the efficiency of a {\bf R}estarted {\bf S}ub{\bf G}radient (RSG) method that periodically restarts the standard subgradient method (SG). We show that, when…

math.OC2026

Penalty-Based First-Order Methods for Bilevel Optimization with Minimax and Constrained Lower-Level Problems

Yiyang Shen, Yutian He, Weiran Wang +1

We study a class of bilevel optimization problems in which both the upper- and lower-level problems have minimax structures. This setting captures a broad range of emerging applica…

math.OC2021

First-order Convergence Theory for Weakly-Convex-Weakly-Concave Min-max Problems

Mingrui Liu, Hassan Rafique, Qihang Lin +1

In this paper, we consider first-order convergence theory and algorithms for solving a class of non-convex non-concave min-max saddle-point problems, whose objective function is we…

cs.LG2014

Statistical Decision Making for Optimal Budget Allocation in Crowd Labeling

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Dengyong Zhou

In crowd labeling, a large amount of unlabeled data instances are outsourced to a crowd of workers. Workers will be paid for each label they provide, but the labeling requester usu…

cs.LG2025

Stochastic Momentum Methods for Non-smooth Non-Convex Finite-Sum Coupled Compositional Optimization

Xingyu Chen, Bokun Wang, Ming Yang +2

Finite-sum Coupled Compositional Optimization (FCCO), characterized by its coupled compositional objective structure, emerges as an important optimization paradigm for addressing a…

cs.LG2017

Doubly Stochastic Primal-Dual Coordinate Method for Bilinear Saddle-Point Problem

Adams Wei Yu, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

We propose a doubly stochastic primal-dual coordinate optimization algorithm for empirical risk minimization, which can be formulated as a bilinear saddle-point problem. In each it…

cs.LG2018

Block-Normalized Gradient Method: An Empirical Study for Training Deep Neural Network

Adams Wei Yu, Lei Huang, Qihang Lin +2

In this paper, we propose a generic and simple strategy for utilizing stochastic gradient information in optimization. The technique essentially contains two consecutive steps in e…

math.OC2016

Homotopy Smoothing for Non-Smooth Problems with Lower Complexity than

Yi Xu, Yan Yan, Qihang Lin +1

In this paper, we develop a novel {\bf ho}moto{\bf p}y {\bf s}moothing (HOPS) algorithm for solving a family of non-smooth problems that is composed of a non-smooth term with an ex…

math.OC2016

Unified Convergence Analysis of Stochastic Momentum Methods for Convex and Non-convex Optimization

Tianbao Yang, Qihang Lin, Zhe Li

Recently, {\it stochastic momentum} methods have been widely adopted in training deep neural networks. However, their convergence analysis is still underexplored at the moment, in…

cs.LG2018

Prophit: Causal inverse classification for multiple continuously valued treatment policies

Michael T. Lash, Qihang Lin, W. Nick Street

Inverse classification uses an induced classifier as a queryable oracle to guide test instances towards a preferred posterior class label. The result produced from the process is a…

math.OC2020

A Data Efficient and Feasible Level Set Method for Stochastic Convex Optimization with Expectation Constraints

Qihang Lin, Selvaprabu Nadarajah, Negar Soheili +1

Stochastic convex optimization problems with expectation constraints (SOECs) are encountered in statistics and machine learning, business, and engineering. In data-rich environment…

math.OC2024

A Note on Complexity for Two Classes of Structured Non-Smooth Non-Convex Compositional Optimization

Yao Yao, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

This note studies numerical methods for solving compositional optimization problems, where the inner function is smooth, and the outer function is Lipschitz continuous, non-smooth,…

cs.LG2022

ProtoX: Explaining a Reinforcement Learning Agent via Prototyping

Ronilo J. Ragodos, Tong Wang, Qihang Lin +1

While deep reinforcement learning has proven to be successful in solving control tasks, the "black-box" nature of an agent has received increasing concerns. We propose a prototype-…

cs.LG2022

Large-scale Optimization of Partial AUC in a Range of False Positive Rates

Yao Yao, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is one of the most widely used performance measures for classification models in machine learning. However, it summarizes the true positive rates…

math.OC2023

Quadratically Regularized Subgradient Methods for Weakly Convex Optimization with Weakly Convex Constraints

Runchao Ma, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

Optimization models with non-convex constraints arise in many tasks in machine learning, e.g., learning with fairness constraints or Neyman-Pearson classification with non-convex l…

cs.LG2023

Stochastic Methods for AUC Optimization subject to AUC-based Fairness Constraints

Yao Yao, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

As machine learning being used increasingly in making high-stakes decisions, an arising challenge is to avoid unfair AI systems that lead to discriminatory decisions for protected…

math.OC2022

Inexact accelerated proximal gradient method with line search and reduced complexity for affine-constrained and bilinear saddle-point structured convex problems

Qihang Lin, Yangyang Xu

The goal of this paper is to reduce the total complexity of gradient-based methods for two classes of problems: affine-constrained composite convex optimization and bilinear saddle…

math.OC2014

An Accelerated Proximal Coordinate Gradient Method and its Application to Regularized Empirical Risk Minimization

Qihang Lin, Zhaosong Lu, Lin Xiao

We consider the problem of minimizing the sum of two convex functions: one is smooth and given by a gradient oracle, and the other is separable over blocks of coordinates and has a…

math.OC2019

Comparison-Based Algorithms for One-Dimensional Stochastic Convex Optimization

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Zizhuo Wang

Stochastic optimization finds a wide range of applications in operations research and management science. However, existing stochastic optimization techniques usually require the i…

cs.LG2024

FedPAE: Peer-Adaptive Ensemble Learning for Asynchronous and Model-Heterogeneous Federated Learning

Brianna Mueller, W. Nick Street, Stephen Baek +3

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients with distributed data sources to collaboratively train a shared model without compromising data privacy. However, existing FL parad…

cs.LG2012

Smoothing Proximal Gradient Method for General Structured Sparse Learning

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Seyoung Kim +2

We study the problem of learning high dimensional regression models regularized by a structured-sparsity-inducing penalty that encodes prior structural information on either input…

math.OC2023

First-order Methods for Affinely Constrained Composite Non-convex Non-smooth Problems: Lower Complexity Bound and Near-optimal Methods

Wei Liu, Qihang Lin, Yangyang Xu

Many recent studies on first-order methods (FOMs) focus on \emph{composite non-convex non-smooth} optimization with linear and/or nonlinear function constraints. Upper (or worst-ca…

math.OC2020

Optimal Epoch Stochastic Gradient Descent Ascent Methods for Min-Max Optimization

Yan Yan, Yi Xu, Qihang Lin +2

Epoch gradient descent method (a.k.a. Epoch-GD) proposed by Hazan and Kale (2011) was deemed a breakthrough for stochastic strongly convex minimization, which achieves the optimal…

math.OC2020

Accelerate Stochastic Subgradient Method by Leveraging Local Growth Condition

Yi Xu, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

In this paper, a new theory is developed for first-order stochastic convex optimization, showing that the global convergence rate is sufficiently quantified by a local growth rate…

math.OC2021

Weakly-Convex Concave Min-Max Optimization: Provable Algorithms and Applications in Machine Learning

Hassan Rafique, Mingrui Liu, Qihang Lin +1

Min-max problems have broad applications in machine learning, including learning with non-decomposable loss and learning with robustness to data distribution. Convex-concave min-ma…

stat.ML2010

Graph-Structured Multi-task Regression and an Efficient Optimization Method for General Fused Lasso

Xi Chen, Seyoung Kim, Qihang Lin +2

We consider the problem of learning a structured multi-task regression, where the output consists of multiple responses that are related by a graph and the correlated response vari…

math.ST2018

On Degrees of Freedom of Projection Estimators with Applications to Multivariate Nonparametric Regression

Xi Chen, Qihang Lin, Bodhisattva Sen

In this paper, we consider the nonparametric regression problem with multivariate predictors. We provide a characterization of the degrees of freedom and divergence for estimators…

math.OC2025

A Near-optimal Method for Linearly Constrained Composite Non-convex Non-smooth Problems

Wei Liu, Qihang Lin, Yangyang Xu

We study first-order methods (FOMs) for solving \emph{composite nonconvex nonsmooth} optimization with linear constraints. Recently, the lower complexity bounds of FOMs on finding…

cs.LG2017

A budget-constrained inverse classification framework for smooth classifiers

Michael T. Lash, Qihang Lin, W. Nick Street +1

Inverse classification is the process of manipulating an instance such that it is more likely to conform to a specific class. Past methods that address such a problem have shortcom…

cs.LG2024

Provable Optimization for Adversarial Fair Self-supervised Contrastive Learning

Qi Qi, Quanqi Hu, Qihang Lin +1

This paper studies learning fair encoders in a self-supervised learning (SSL) setting, in which all data are unlabeled and only a small portion of them are annotated with sensitive…

math.OC2020

Inexact Proximal-Point Penalty Methods for Constrained Non-Convex Optimization

Qihang Lin, Runchao Ma, Yangyang Xu

In this paper, an inexact proximal-point penalty method is studied for constrained optimization problems, where the objective function is non-convex, and the constraint functions c…

cs.LG2019

Hybrid Predictive Model: When an Interpretable Model Collaborates with a Black-box Model

Tong Wang, Qihang Lin

Interpretable machine learning has become a strong competitor for traditional black-box models. However, the possible loss of the predictive performance for gaining interpretabilit…

math.OC2024

Deterministic and Stochastic Accelerated Gradient Method for Convex Semi-Infinite Optimization

Yao Yao, Qihang Lin, Tianbao Yang

This paper explores numerical methods for solving a convex differentiable semi-infinite program. We introduce a primal-dual gradient method which performs three updates iteratively…

math.OC2025

An Adaptive Parameter-free and Projection-free Restarting Level Set Method for Constrained Convex Optimization Under the Error Bound Condition

Qihang Lin, Negar Soheili, Runchao Ma +1

Recent efforts to accelerate first-order methods have focused on convex optimization problems that satisfy a geometric property known as error-bound condition, which covers a broad…

cs.LG2019

Model-Agnostic Linear Competitors -- When Interpretable Models Compete and Collaborate with Black-Box Models

Hassan Rafique, Tong Wang, Qihang Lin

Driven by an increasing need for model interpretability, interpretable models have become strong competitors for black-box models in many real applications. In this paper, we propo…

stat.ML2016

Bayesian Decision Process for Cost-Efficient Dynamic Ranking via Crowdsourcing

Xi Chen, Kevin Jiao, Qihang Lin

Rank aggregation based on pairwise comparisons over a set of items has a wide range of applications. Although considerable research has been devoted to the development of rank aggr…

cs.LG2022

Federated Learning on Adaptively Weighted Nodes by Bilevel Optimization

Yankun Huang, Qihang Lin, Nick Street +1

We propose a federated learning method with weighted nodes in which the weights can be modified to optimize the model's performance on a separate validation set. The problem is for…

math.OC2011

A Smoothing Stochastic Gradient Method for Composite Optimization

Qihang Lin, Xi Chen, Javier Pena

We consider the unconstrained optimization problem whose objective function is composed of a smooth and a non-smooth conponents where the smooth component is the expectation a rand…