papers

Publications (16)

cs.SE2026

How Robustly do LLMs Understand Execution Semantics?

Claudio Spiess, Prem Devanbu, Earl T. Barr

LLMs demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet whether they utilize internal world models or rely on sophisticated pattern matching remains open. We study LLMs through the…

cs.SE2025

Localized Calibrated Uncertainty in Code Language Models

David Gros, Prem Devanbu

Large Language models (LLMs) can generate complicated source code from natural language prompts. However, LLMs can generate output that deviates from what the user wants, requiring…

cs.SE2024

A Survey of Trojans in Neural Models of Source Code: Taxonomy and Techniques

Aftab Hussain, Md Rafiqul Islam Rabin, Toufique Ahmed +4

In this work, we study literature in Explainable AI and Safe AI to understand poisoning of neural models of code. In order to do so, we first establish a novel taxonomy for Trojan…

cs.SE2024

Towards Understanding What Code Language Models Learned

Toufique Ahmed, Dian Yu, Chengxuan Huang +3

Pre-trained language models are effective in a variety of natural language tasks, but it has been argued their capabilities fall short of fully learning meaning or understanding la…

cs.CL2018

Studying the Difference Between Natural and Programming Language Corpora

Casey Casalnuovo, Kenji Sagae, Prem Devanbu

Code corpora, as observed in large software systems, are now known to be far more repetitive and predictable than natural language corpora. But why? Does the difference simply aris…

cs.SE2020

Deep Learning & Software Engineering: State of Research and Future Directions

Prem Devanbu, Matthew Dwyer, Sebastian Elbaum +6

Given the current transformative potential of research that sits at the intersection of Deep Learning (DL) and Software Engineering (SE), an NSF-sponsored community workshop was co…

cs.SE2025

Does In-IDE Calibration of Large Language Models work at Scale?

Roham Koohestani, Agnia Sergeyuk, David Gros +4

The introduction of large language models into integrated development environments (IDEs) is revolutionizing software engineering, yet it poses challenges to the usefulness and rel…

cs.SE2023

AI Safety Subproblems for Software Engineering Researchers

David Gros, Prem Devanbu, Zhou Yu

In this 4-page manuscript we discuss the problem of long-term AI Safety from a Software Engineering (SE) research viewpoint. We briefly summarize long-term AI Safety, and the chall…

cs.SE2019

Rebuttal to Berger et al., TOPLAS 2019

Baishakhi Ray, Prem Devanbu, Vladimir Filkov

Berger et al., published in TOPLAS 2019, is a critique of our 2014 FSE conference abstract and its archival version, the 2017 CACM paper: A Large-Scale Study of Programming Languag…

cs.CL2019

Do People Prefer "Natural" code?

Casey Casalnuovo, Kevin Lee, Hulin Wang +2

Natural code is known to be very repetitive (much more so than natural language corpora); furthermore, this repetitiveness persists, even after accounting for the simpler syntax of…

cs.SE2026

Investigating Autonomous Agent Contributions in the Wild: Activity Patterns and Code Change over Time

Razvan Mihai Popescu, David Gros, Andrei Botocan +3

The rise of large language models for code has reshaped software development. Autonomous coding agents, able to create branches, open pull requests, and perform code reviews, now a…

cs.SE2026

On LLMs' Internal Representation of Code Correctness

Francisco Ribeiro, Claudio Spiess, Prem Devanbu +1

Despite the effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) for code generation, they often output incorrect code. One reason is that model output probabilities are often not well-co…

cs.SE2020

Code to Comment "Translation": Data, Metrics, Baselining & Evaluation

David Gros, Hariharan Sezhiyan, Prem Devanbu +1

The relationship of comments to code, and in particular, the task of generating useful comments given the code, has long been of interest. The earliest approaches have been based o…

cs.SE2026

Model See, Model Do? Exposure-Aware Evaluation of Bug-vs-Fix Preference in Code LLMs

Ali Al-Kaswan, Claudio Spiess, Prem Devanbu +2

Large language models are increasingly used for code generation and debugging, but their outputs can still contain bugs, that originate from training data. Distinguishing whether a…

cs.SE2026

Distilling Reasoning Traces into Advisory Prompts for Software Engineering Tasks

Faizan Faisal, Prem Devanbu, Toufique Ahmed

Language models are widely used for generating and otherwise processing code (e.g., identifying code hallucinations, possible inputs, or predicting outputs); however, LLMs can make…

cs.SE2024

Calibration and Correctness of Language Models for Code

Claudio Spiess, David Gros, Kunal Suresh Pai +6

Machine learning models are widely used, but can also often be wrong. Users would benefit from a reliable indication of whether a given output from a given model should be trusted,…