papers

Publications (29)

cs.CL2026

Robust Bias Evaluation with FilBBQ: A Filipino Bias Benchmark for Question-Answering Language Models

Lance Calvin Lim Gamboa, Yue Feng, Mark Lee

With natural language generation becoming a popular use case for language models, the Bias Benchmark for Question-Answering (BBQ) has grown to be an important benchmark format for…

cs.CL2024

A Novel Interpretability Metric for Explaining Bias in Language Models: Applications on Multilingual Models from Southeast Asia

Lance Calvin Lim Gamboa, Mark Lee

Work on bias in pretrained language models (PLMs) focuses on bias evaluation and mitigation and fails to tackle the question of bias attribution and explainability. We propose a no…

cs.CL2020

"What is on your mind?" Automated Scoring of Mindreading in Childhood and Early Adolescence

Venelin Kovatchev, Phillip Smith, Mark Lee +3

In this paper we present the first work on the automated scoring of mindreading ability in middle childhood and early adolescence. We create MIND-CA, a new corpus of 11,311 questio…

cs.LG2025

Apple Intelligence Foundation Language Models: Tech Report 2025

Ethan Li, Anders Boesen Lindbo Larsen, Chen Zhang +395

We introduce two multilingual, multimodal foundation language models that power Apple Intelligence features across Apple devices and services: i a 3B-parameter on-device model opti…

cs.AI2026

Apple Intelligence Foundation Language Models

Tom Gunter, Zirui Wang, Chong Wang +152

We present foundation language models developed to power Apple Intelligence features, including a ~3 billion parameter model designed to run efficiently on devices and a large serv…

cs.LG2024

Revisiting MoE and Dense Speed-Accuracy Comparisons for LLM Training

Xianzhi Du, Tom Gunter, Xiang Kong +5

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enjoys performance gain by increasing model capacity while keeping computation cost constant. When comparing MoE to dense models, prior work typically adop…