Publications (58)
Characterizing Gravitational Wave Detector Networks: From A to Cosmic Explorer
Ish Gupta, Chaitanya Afle, K. G. Arun +44
Gravitational-wave observations by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo have provided us a new tool to explore the Universe on all scales from n…
Effect of encapsulated graphene oxide on alginate-based bead adsorption to remove acridine orange from aqueous solutions
Ling Sun, Bunshi Fugetsu
Environmentally-benign high-performance graphene oxide (GO)/alginate-based absorbents were prepared to eliminate acridine orange selected as a typical dye. Characterizations demons…
Environmental Remediation Applications of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide: Adsorption and Catalysis
Yanqing Wang, Can Panl, Adavan Kiliyankil Vipin +2
Environmental issues such as the wastewater have influenced each aspect of our lives. Coupling the existing remediation solutions with exploring new functional carbon nanomaterials…
Massive production of graphene oxide from expanded graphite
Ling Sun, Bunshi Fugetsu
In a deviation from the conventional Hummers method, a spontaneous expansion approach was introduced with expanded graphite as the precursors. The intercalating agent (H2SO4) was a…
Report of the Topical Group on Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics for for Snowmass 2021
Rana X. Adhikari, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Ke Fang +118
Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics take two primary forms: Very high energy particles (cosmic rays, neutrinos, and gamma rays) and gravitational waves. Already today, these probe…
Validating continuous gravitational-wave candidates from a semicoherent search using Doppler modulation and an effective point spread function
Dana Jones, Ling Sun, Julian Carlin +9
Following up large numbers of candidates in continuous gravitational wave searches presents a challenge, particularly in regard to computational power and the time required to manu…
Unexpected colloid-like supernatant from liquid-phase ball-milling graphite using miscible solutions as solvents: a failure analysis
Ling Sun
Ball-milling graphite was conducted in miscible solutions with the purpose to exfoliate graphene. Colloid-like stable supernatants were unexpectedly obtained. Followed were the cha…
The US Program in Ground-Based Gravitational Wave Science: Contribution from the LIGO Laboratory
David Reitze, Rich Abbott, Carl Adams +181
Recent gravitational-wave observations from the LIGO and Virgo observatories have brought a sense of great excitement to scientists and citizens the world over. Since September 201…
Directed searches for gravitational waves from ultralight bosons
Maximiliano Isi, Ling Sun, Richard Brito +1
Gravitational-wave detectors can search for yet-undiscovered ultralight bosons, including those conjectured to solve problems in particle physics, high-energy theory and cosmology.…
Methodology for constraining ultralight vector bosons with gravitational wave searches targeting merger remnant black holes
Dana Jones, Nils Siemonsen, Ling Sun +4
Ultralight bosons are a hypothetical class of particles predicted under various extensions of Standard Model physics. As a result of the superradiance mechanism, we expect ultralig…
Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit
Wenxuan Jia, Victoria Xu, Kevin Kuns +168
Precision measurements of space and time, like those made by the detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), are often confronted with fundamental…
Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration
Ling Sun, Evan Goetz, Jeffrey S. Kissel +23
The raw outputs of the detectors within the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory need to be calibrated in order to produce the estimate of the dimensionless…
A Unified Framework for Interactive Visual Graph Matching via Attribute-Structure Synchronization
Yuhua Liu, Haoxuan Wang, Jiajia Kou +6
In traditional graph retrieval tools, graph matching is commonly used to retrieve desired graphs from extensive graph datasets according to their structural similarities. However,…
The birth mass function of neutron stars
Zhi-Qiang You, Xingjiang Zhu, Xiaojin Liu +12
The birth mass function of neutron stars encodes rich information about supernova explosions, double star evolution, and properties of matter under extreme conditions. To date, it…
Quasinormal-mode filters: a new approach to analyze the gravitational-wave ringdown of binary black-hole mergers
Sizheng Ma, Keefe Mitman, Ling Sun +7
We propose two frequency-domain filters to analyze ringdown signals of binary black hole mergers. The first rational filter is constructed based on a set of (arbitrary) quasi-norma…
Mapping inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms of binary black holes from black hole perturbation waveforms by machine learning
Xing-Yu Zhong, Wen-Biao Han, Ling Sun
Identifying weak gravitational wave signals in noise and estimating the source properties require high-precision waveform templates. Numerical relativity (NR) simulations can provi…
Ultralight boson constraints from gravitational wave observations of spinning binary black holes
P. S. Aswathi, William E. East, Nils Siemonsen +2
In the presence of an ultralight scalar or vector boson, a spinning black hole will be spun down through the superradiant instability. We use spin measurements from gravitational w…
Dark Matter In Extreme Astrophysical Environments
Masha Baryakhtar, Regina Caputo, Djuna Croon +37
Exploring dark matter via observations of extreme astrophysical environments -- defined here as heavy compact objects such as white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, as well…
Search for continuous gravitational waves from Fomalhaut b in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with a hidden Markov model
Dana Jones, Ling Sun
Results are presented from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from a nearby neutron star candidate, Fomalhaut b, using data collected in the second observing…
Search strategies for long gravitational-wave transients: hidden Markov model tracking and seedless clustering
Sharan Banagiri, Ling Sun, Michael W. Coughlin +1
A number of detections have been made in the past few years of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences. While there exist well-understood waveform models for signals f…
OphthBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Chinese Ophthalmology
Chengfeng Zhou, Ji Wang, Juanjuan Qin +3
Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant promise across various medical applications, with ophthalmology being a notable area of focus. Many ophthalmic tasks have shown…
Unified Dual-view Cognitive Model for Interpretable Claim Verification
Lianwei Wu, Yuan Rao, Yuqian Lan +2
Recent studies constructing direct interactions between the claim and each single user response (a comment or a relevant article) to capture evidence have shown remarkable success…
Generating transient noise artifacts in gravitational-wave detector data with generative adversarial networks
Jade Powell, Ling Sun, Katinka Gereb +2
Transient noise glitches in gravitational-wave detector data limit the sensitivity of searches and contaminate detected signals. In this Paper, we show how glitches can be simulate…
Search for ultralight bosons in Cygnus X-1 with Advanced LIGO
Ling Sun, Richard Brito, Maximiliano Isi
Ultralight scalars, if they exist as theorized, could form clouds around rapidly rotating black holes. Such clouds are expected to emit continuous, quasimonochromatic gravitational…
Impact of Detector Calibration Accuracy on Black Hole Spectroscopy
Mallika R. Sinha, Ling Sun, Sizheng Ma
Systematic errors in detector calibration can bias signal analyses and potentially lead to incorrect interpretations suggesting violations of general relativity. In this study, we…
Tracking continuous gravitational waves from a neutron star at once and twice the spin frequency with a hidden Markov model
Ling Sun, Andrew Melatos, Paul D. Lasky
Searches for continuous gravitational waves from rapidly spinning neutron stars normally assume that the star rotates about one of its principal axes of moment of inertia, and henc…
LAD-RCNN:A Powerful Tool for Livestock Face Detection and Normalization
Ling Sun, Guiqiong Liu, Xunping Jiang +4
With the demand for standardized large-scale livestock farming and the development of artificial intelligence technology, a lot of research in area of animal face recognition were…
Gravitational-wave echoes from spinning exotic compact objects: numerical waveforms from the Teukolsky equation
Shuo Xin, Baoyi Chen, Rico K. L. Lo +7
We present numerical waveforms of gravitational-wave echoes from spinning exotic compact objects (ECOs) that result from binary black hole coalescence. We obtain these echoes by so…
Triaxially-deformed Freely-precessing Neutron Stars: Continuous electromagnetic and gravitational radiation
Yong Gao, Lijing Shao, Rui Xu +3
The shape of a neutron star (NS) is closely linked to its internal structure and the equation of state of supranuclear matters. A rapidly rotating, asymmetric NS in the Milky Way u…
Observational prospects of self-interacting scalar superradiance with next-generation gravitational-wave detectors
Spencer Collaviti, Ling Sun, Marios Galanis +1
Current- and next-generation gravitational-wave observatories may reveal new, ultralight bosons. Through the superradiance process, these theoretical particle candidates can form c…
Angular emission patterns of remnant black holes
Xiang Li, Ling Sun, Rico Ka Lok Lo +2
The gravitational radiation from the ringdown of a binary black hole merger is described by the solution of the Teukolsky equation, which predicts both the temporal dependence and…
Using rational filters to uncover the first ringdown overtone in GW150914
Sizheng Ma, Ling Sun, Yanbei Chen
There have been debates in the literature about the existence of the first overtone in the ringdown of GW150914. We develop a novel Bayesian framework to reanalyze the data of this…
Visible evidence to magnetism of graphene oxide
Ling Sun
Graphene oxide continues to amaze scientific community for multiple potentials in a broad span of applications such as catalysts, adsorbents, oxidants, etc., determined by constant…
Differential torsion sensor for direct detection of ultralight vector dark matter
Ling Sun, Bram J. J. Slagmolen, Jiayi Qin
Ultralight bosons with masses in the range from eV/ to eV/, are well-motivated, wave-like dark matter candidates. Particles on the lower-mass end…
Black hole spectroscopy by mode cleaning
Sizheng Ma, Ling Sun, Yanbei Chen
We formulate a Bayesian framework to analyze ringdown gravitational waves from colliding binary black holes and test the no-hair theorem. The idea hinges on mode cleaning -- reveal…
Point absorbers in Advanced LIGO
Aidan F. Brooks, Gabriele Vajente, Hiro Yamamoto +198
Small, highly absorbing points are randomly present on the surfaces of the main interferometer optics in Advanced LIGO. The resulting nano-meter scale thermo-elastic deformations a…
Statistical identification of ringdown modes with rational filters
Neil Lu, Sizheng Ma, Ornella J. Piccinni +2
Measuring quasinormal modes (QNMs) during the ringdown phase of binary black hole coalescences provides key insights into merger dynamics and enables tests of the no-hair theorem.…
Piecewise frequency model for searches for long-transient gravitational waves from young neutron stars
Benjamin Grace, Karl Wette, Susan M. Scott +1
In this work we characterise the performance of a new search technique designed to be sensitive to the remnants of binary neutron star systems. Sensitivity estimates of the new met…
Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Probing dark matter with small-scale astrophysical observations
Richard Brito, Sukanya Chakrabarti, Sebastien Clesse +7
The current understanding of dark matter comes largely from measurements of the total matter content in the universe, from the distribution of gravitating matter on very large scal…
Spotlight searches for continuous gravitational waves triggered on radiometer candidates in LIGO O4a data
Alan M. Knee, Keith Riles, Ling Sun
We report on a follow-up search for continuous gravitational waves (CWs) targeting sub-threshold candidates from the O4a LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) all-sky all-frequency (ASAF) directe…
Search for continuous gravitational waves directed at sub-threshold radiometer candidates in O3 LIGO data
Alan M. Knee, Helen Du, Evan Goetz +7
We present results of a follow-up search for continuous gravitational waves (CWs) associated with sub-threshold candidates from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) All-Sky All-Frequency (AS…
3D Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Network for Low-Dose CT via Transfer Learning from a 2D Trained Network
Hongming Shan, Yi Zhang, Qingsong Yang +5
Low-dose computed tomography (CT) has attracted a major attention in the medical imaging field, since CT-associated x-ray radiation carries health risks for patients. The reduction…
Proficiency-Aware Adaptation and Data Augmentation for Robust L2 ASR
Ling Sun, Charlotte Zhu, Shuju Shi
General-purpose ASR underperforms for atypical speakers, such as L2 learners, reinforcing bias and limiting use in education and accessibility. Using the CEFR-graded Speak and Impr…
Structure and Synthesis of graphene oxide
Ling Sun
Graphene oxide (GO) is regarded as one typical two-dimension structured oxygenated planar molecular material. Researchers across multiple disciplines have paid enormous attention t…
Instability of exotic compact objects and its implications for gravitational-wave echoes
Baoyi Chen, Yanbei Chen, Yiqiu Ma +2
Exotic compact objects (ECOs) have recently become an exciting research subject, since they are speculated to have a special response to the incident gravitational waves (GWs) that…
A Horizon Study for Cosmic Explorer: Science, Observatories, and Community
Matthew Evans, Rana X Adhikari, Chaitanya Afle +29
This Horizon Study describes a next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave observatory: Cosmic Explorer. With ten times the sensitivity of Advanced LIGO, Cosmic Explorer will p…
GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
Neil Lu, Sizheng Ma, Ornella J. Piccinni +2
The horizon of a black hole, the "surface of no return", is characterized by its rotation frequency and surface gravity . A striking signature is that any infalling obje…
Cosmic Explorer: A Submission to the NSF MPSAC ngGW Subcommittee
Matthew Evans, Alessandra Corsi, Chaitanya Afle +73
Gravitational-wave astronomy has revolutionized humanity's view of the universe, a revolution driven by observations that no other field can make. This white paper describes an obs…
Methods and prospects for gravitational wave searches targeting ultralight vector boson clouds around known black holes
Dana Jones, Ling Sun, Nils Siemonsen +3
Ultralight bosons are predicted in many extensions to the Standard Model and are popular dark matter candidates. The black hole superradiance mechanism allows for these particles t…
Application of hidden Markov model tracking to the search for long-duration transient gravitational waves from the remnant of the binary neutron star merger GW170817
Ling Sun, Andrew Melatos
The nature of the post-merger remnant of the first binary neutron star coalescence observed by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (Advanced LIGO) and…
Quantum NLP models on Natural Language Inference
Ling Sun, Peter Sullivan, Michael Martin +1
Quantum natural language processing (QNLP) offers a novel approach to semantic modeling by embedding compositional structure directly into quantum circuits. This paper investigates…
Characterization of systematic error in Advanced LIGO calibration in the second half of O3
Ling Sun, Evan Goetz, Jeffrey S. Kissel +19
We present the probability distribution of the systematic errors in the most accurate, high-latency version of the reconstructed dimensionless strain , at the Hanford and Living…
Different Absorption from the Same Sharing: Sifted Multi-task Learning for Fake News Detection
Lianwei Wu, Yuan Rao, Haolin Jin +2
Recently, neural networks based on multi-task learning have achieved promising performance on fake news detection, which focus on learning shared features among tasks as complement…
Multi-messenger astronomy with a Southern-Hemisphere gravitational-wave observatory
James W. Gardner, Ling Sun, Ssohrab Borhanian +4
Joint observations of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts will answer questions about cosmology, gamma-ray bursts, and the behaviour of matter at supranuclear dens…
Manganese oxide nano flakes onto simultaneously activated defective CNTs for the creation of CNTs-graphene supported oxygen reduction composite catalysts applied in air fuel cell
Ling Sun, Danxian Liu
Rational combination holds the key for non-precious metal oxides and economic carbon materials to the creation of high performance air electrode materials. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-…
Impact of calibration uncertainties on Hubble constant measurements from gravitational-wave sources
Yiwen Huang, Hsin-Yu Chen, Carl-Johan Haster +3
Gravitational-wave (GW) detections of electromagnetically bright compact binary coalescences can provide an independent measurement of the Hubble constant . In order to obtain…
The imprint of superradiance on hierarchical black hole mergers
Ethan Payne, Ling Sun, Kyle Kremer +2
Ultralight bosons are a proposed solution to outstanding problems in cosmology and particle physics: they provide a dark-matter candidate while potentially explaining the strong ch…
physiCal: A physical approach to the marginalization of LIGO calibration uncertainties
Salvatore Vitale, Carl-Johan Haster, Ling Sun +4
The data from ground based gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Virgo must be calibrated to convert the digital output of photodetectors into a relative displacem…