papers

Publications (45)

astro-ph.CO2022

JWST's PEARLS: Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science: Project Overview and First Results

Rogier A. Windhorst, Seth H. Cohen, Rolf A. Jansen +82

We give an overview and describe the rationale, methods, and first results from NIRCam images of the JWST "Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science" ("PEARLS"…

astro-ph.HE2025

Peering into the heart of darkness with VLBA : Radio Quiet AGN in the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-Domain Field

Payaswini Saikia, Ramon Wrzosek, Joseph Gelfand +27

We present initial results from the 4.8 GHz Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-Domain Field (TDF). From 106 radio sources found in the Karl…

astro-ph.GA2025

Lonely Little Red Dots: Challenges to the AGN-nature of little red dots through their clustering and spectral energy distributions

María Carranza-Escudero, Christopher J. Conselice, Nathan Adams +31

Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) reveal a previously unseen population of compact red objects, known as ``little red dots`` (LRDs). We study a new photometri…

astro-ph.GA2025

Dissecting Reionisation with the Cosmic Star Formation and Active Galactic Nuclei Luminosity History

Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Simon P. Driver, Claudia D. P. Lagos +23

The combination of the cosmic star formation history and active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity history as inferred by the James Webb Space Telescope is connected to th…

astro-ph.GA2024

EPOCHS Paper II: The Ultraviolet Luminosity Function from using 180 square arcminutes of deep, blank-fields from the PEARLS Survey and Public JWST data

Nathan J. Adams, Christopher J. Conselice, Duncan Austin +34

We present an analysis of the ultraviolet luminosity function (UV LF) and star formation rate density of distant galaxies () in the `blank' fields of the Prime Extr…

astro-ph.GA2023

JWST's PEARLS: Transients in the MACS J0416.1-2403 Field

Haojing Yan, Zhiyuan Ma, Bangzheng Sun +27

With its unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened a new window for time-domain discoveries in the infrared. Here we report…

astro-ph.GA2024

A search for high-redshift direct-collapse black hole candidates in the PEARLS north ecliptic pole field

Armin Nabizadeh, Erik Zackrisson, Fabio Pacucci +31

Direct-collapse black holes (DCBHs) of mass - that form in HI-cooling halos in the early Universe are promising progenitors of the $\gtrsim 10^9 {M}_\odo…

astro-ph.GA2023

Star formation and AGN activity 500 Myr after the Big Bang: Insights from JWST

Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Simon P. Driver, Claudia D. P. Lagos +3

We consider the effect of including an active galactic nuclei (AGN) component when fitting spectral energy distributions of 109 spectroscopically confirmed gala…

astro-ph.GA2023

JWST's PEARLS: TN J1338-1942 -- I. Extreme jet triggered star-formation in a luminous radio galaxy

Kenneth J. Duncan, Rogier A. Windhorst, Anton M. Koekemoer +25

We present the first JWST observations of the luminous radio galaxy TN J1338-1942, obtained as part of the ``Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science…

astro-ph.GA2026

PEARLS: 21 Transients Found in the Three-Epoch NIRCam Observations in the Continuous Viewing Zone of the James Webb Space Telescope

Haojing Yan, Bangzheng Sun, Zhiyuan Ma +39

We present 21 transients from our three-epoch, four-band NIRCam observations covering 14.16 arcmin^2 in the Spitzer IRAC Dark Field (IDF), taken by the JWST Prime Extragalactic Are…

astro-ph.GA2022

JWST's PEARLS: a new lens model for ACT-CL J01024915, "EL Gordo'', and the first red supergiant star at cosmological distances discovered by JWST

Jose M. Diego, Ashish K. Meena, Nathan J. Adams +27

The first JWST data on the massive colliding cluster El Gordo confirm 23 known families of multiply lensed images and identify 8 new members of these families. Based on these famil…

gr-qc2026

The WDM Time-Frequency Transform in Gravitational-Wave Data Analysis I: Formalism

Aaron Johnson, Katerina Chatziioannou, Jake Summers

For slowly-varying noise, time-frequency methods offer a natural middle ground between the efficiency of the frequency domain and the generality of the more expensive time domain.…

astro-ph.GA2025

JWSTs PEARLS: NIRCam imaging and NIRISS spectroscopy of a star-forming galaxy lensed into a near-Einstein Ring by a massive elliptical galaxy

Nathan J. Adams, Giovanni Ferrami, Lewi Westcott +30

We present the discovery, and initial lensing analysis, of a high-redshift galaxy-galaxy lensing system within the JWST-PEARLS/HST-TREASUREHUNT North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Fiel…

astro-ph.IM2024

JWST's PEARLS: Improved Flux Calibration for NIRCam

Zhiyuan Ma, Haojing Yan, Bangzheng Sun +23

The Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science (PEARLS), a JWST GTO program, obtained a set of unique NIRCam observations that have enabled us to significantly…

astro-ph.GA2026

PEARLS: JWST Counterparts of Micro-Jy Radio Sources in the NEP Time Domain Field. II. All Four Spokes

S. P. Willner, Hansung B. Gim, Maria del Carmen Polletta +18

JWST/NIRCam observations in the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field (TDF) identify 4.4 micron counterparts for 206 of 211 radio sources with S(3 GHz) \gapprox 5 micro-Jy in a 65a…

astro-ph.GA2024

PEARLS: Discovery of Point-Source Features Within Galaxies in the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field

Rafael Ortiz, Rogier A. Windhorst, Seth H. Cohen +36

The first public 0.9-4.4μm NIRCam images of the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time Domain Field (TDF) uncovered galaxies displaying point-source features in their cores as seen in the…

astro-ph.GA2022

JWST's PEARLS: A JWST/NIRCam view of ALMA sources

Cheng Cheng, Jia-Sheng Huang, Ian Smail +33

We report the results of James Webb Space Telescope/NIRCam observations of 19 (sub)millimeter (submm/mm) sources detected by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The accurate…

astro-ph.CO2023

JWST's PEARLS: Mothra, a new kaiju star at z=2.091 extremely magnified by MACS0416, and implications for dark matter models

J. M. Diego, Bangzheng Sun, Haojing Yan +28

We report the discovery of Mothra, an extremely magnified monster star, likely a binary system of two supergiant stars, in one of the strongly lensed galaxies behind the galaxy clu…

astro-ph.GA2025

Self-Consistent JWST Census of Star Formation and AGN activity at z=5.5-13.5

Jordan C. J. D'Silva, Simon P. Driver, Claudia D. P. Lagos +24

The cosmic star formation history (CSFH) and cosmic active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity history (CAGNH) are self consistently measured at . This is achieved by an…

astro-ph.GA2023

A Lens Finder Map to check claimed High-z Galaxies behind SMACS J0723.3-7327

Alex Chow, Sung Kei Li, Tom Broadhurst +5

The first science image released by the JWST reveals numerous galaxies in the distant background of the galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327. Some have claimed redshifts of up to $z \…

astro-ph.GA2022

Webb's PEARLS: Bright 1.5--2.0 micron Dropouts in the Spitzer/IRAC Dark Field

Haojing Yan, Seth H. Cohen, Rogier A. Windhorst +35

Using the first epoch of four-band NIRCam observations obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization and Lensing Science Program in t…

astro-ph.GA2024

Magellanic System Stars Identified in SMACS J0723.3-7327 James Webb Space Telescope Early Release Observations Images

Jake Summers, Rogier A. Windhorst, Seth H. Cohen +23

We identify 71 distant stars in JWST/NIRCam ERO images of the field of galaxy cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327 (SMACS 0723). Given the relatively small () angular separ…

astro-ph.GA2023

EPOCHS VII: Discovery of high redshift () AGN candidates in JWST ERO and PEARLS data

Ignas Juodžbalis, Christopher J. Conselice, Maitrayee Singh +24

We present an analysis of a sample of robust high redshift galaxies selected photometrically from the `blank' fields of the Prime Extragalactic Areas for Reionization Science (PEAR…

astro-ph.GA2026

PEARLS: Two Distinct Populations of AGN Hosts Moving Between Star Formation and Quiescence

Gibson B. Bowling, Rafael Ortiz, S. P. Willner +29

We present the results of AGN--host-galaxy decomposition using JWST/NIRCam, HST/ACS, and HST/WFC3 imaging of the North Ecliptic Pole Time Domain Field (NEP-TDF). The light-profiles…

astro-ph.GA2025

Galaxy Mergers in the Epoch of Reionization II: Major Merger-Triggered Star Formation and AGN Activities at 4.5-8.5

Qiao Duan, Qiong Li, Christopher J. Conselice +29

Galaxy mergers are a key driver of galaxy formation and evolution, including the triggering of AGN and star formation to a still unknown degree. We thus investigate the impact of g…

astro-ph.GA2023

Paper 1: The JWST PEARLS View of the El Gordo Galaxy Cluster and of the Structure It Magnifies

Brenda L. Frye, Massimo Pascale, Nicholas Foo +41

The massive galaxy cluster El Gordo (z=0.87) imprints multitudes of gravitationally lensed arcs onto James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) images. Eight b…

astro-ph.CO2024

JWST's PEARLS: 119 multiply imaged galaxies behind MACS0416, lensing properties of caustic crossing galaxies, and the relation between halo mass and number of globular clusters at

Jose M. Diego, Nathan J. Adams, Steven Willner +26

We present a new lens model for the galaxy cluster MACS J0416.12403 based on a previously known set of 77 spectroscopically confirmed, multiply imaged galaxies plus an…

astro-ph.GA2024

EPOCHS IX. When cosmic dawn breaks: Evidence for evolved stellar populations in galaxies from PEARLS GTO and public NIRCam imaging

James A. A. Trussler, Christopher J. Conselice, Nathan Adams +28

The presence of evolved stars in high-redshift galaxies can place valuable indirect constraints on the onset of star formation in the Universe. Thus we use PEARLS GTO and public NI…

astro-ph.HE2025

PEARLS: NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Extragalactic Survey of the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field III

Ross Silver, Francesca Civano, Xiurui Zhao +28

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time-Domain Field (TDF) has been monitored by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton with a regular cadence for five years starting i…

astro-ph.GA2025

The Distribution of Quenched Galaxies in the Massive z = 0.87 Galaxy Cluster El Gordo

Rachel Honor, Seth Cohen, Timothy Carleton +27

El Gordo (ACT-CL J01024915) is a massive galaxy cluster with two major mass components at redshift . Using SED fitting results from JWST/NIRCam photometry, the fraction…

astro-ph.GA2026

We Must Preserve Hubble given its Unique Complementarity to Webb, Roman, and Euclid

Rogier A. Windhorst, Gibson B. Bowling, Kevin S. Croker +17

We present compelling arguments -- focusing on galaxy science -- for preserving the main imagers and operational modes of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) for as long as is technic…

astro-ph.GA2025

EPOCHS XI: The Structure and Morphology of Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization to z ~ 12.5

Lewi Westcott, Christopher J. Conselice, Thomas Harvey +29

We present a structural analysis of 521 galaxy candidates at 6.5 < z < 12.5, with in the F444W filter, taken from the EPOCHS v1 sample, consisting of uniformly reduced…

astro-ph.GA2025

Galaxy Mergers in the Epoch of Reionization I: A JWST Study of Pair Fractions, Merger Rates, and Stellar Mass Accretion Rates at

Qiao Duan, Christopher J. Conselice, Qiong Li +30

We present a full analysis of galaxy major merger pair fractions, merger rates, and mass accretion rates, thus uncovering the role of mergers in galaxy formation at the earliest pr…

astro-ph.GA2023

Hidden giants in JWST's PEARLS: An ultra-massive z=4.26 sub-millimeter galaxy that is invisible to HST

Ian Smail, Ugne Dudzeviciute, Mark Gurwell +32

We present a multi-wavelength analysis using SMA, JCMT, NOEMA, JWST, HST, and SST of two dusty strongly star-forming galaxies, 850.1 and 850.2, seen through the massive cluster len…

astro-ph.GA2023

The JWST Discovery of the Triply-imaged Type Ia "Supernova H0pe" and Observations of the Galaxy Cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0

Brenda L. Frye, Massimo Pascale, Justin Pierel +39

A Type Ia supernova (SN) at was discovered in James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Camera imaging of the galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (G165; ). The SN is…

astro-ph.GA2023

JWST's PEARLS: dust attenuation and gravitational lensing in the backlit-galaxy system VV 191

William C. Keel, Rogier A. Windhorst, Rolf A. Jansen +28

We derive the spatial and wavelength behavior of dust attenuation in the multiple-armed spiral galaxy VV191b using backlighting by the superimposed elliptical system VV191a in a pa…

astro-ph.GA2025

JWST's PEARLS: A z=6 quasar in a train-wreck galaxy merger system

Madeline A. Marshall, Rogier A. Windhorst, Giovanni Ferrami +35

We present JWST NIRSpec integral field spectroscopy observations of the z=5.89 quasar NDWFS J1425+3254 from 0.6-5.3 microns, covering the rest-frame ultraviolet and optical at a sp…

astro-ph.GA2024

JWST NIRCam Photometry: A Study of Globular Clusters Surrounding Bright Elliptical Galaxy VV 191a at z=0.0513

Jessica M. Berkheimer, Timothy Carleton, Rogier A. Windhorst +22

James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam images have revealed 154 reliable globular cluster (GC) candidates around the elliptical galaxy VV~191a after subtracting 34 likely i…

astro-ph.GA2023

PEARLS: Low Stellar Density Galaxies in the El Gordo Cluster Observed with JWST

Timothy Carleton, Seth H. Cohen, Brenda Frye +23

A full understanding of how unusually large "Ultra Diffuse Galaxies" (UDGs) fit into our conventional understanding of dwarf galaxies remains elusive, despite the large number of o…

astro-ph.GA2024

Cosmic Stillness: High Quiescent Galaxy Fractions Across Upper Mass Scales in the Early Universe to z = 7 with JWST

Tobias A. Russell, Neva Dobric, Nathan J. Adams +25

We present a detailed investigation into the abundance and morphology of high redshift quenched galaxies at using James Webb Space Telescope data in the NEP, CEERS and…

astro-ph.GA2024

EPOCHS I. The Discovery and Star Forming Properties of Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization at with PEARLS and Public JWST data

Christopher J. Conselice, Nathan Adams, Thomas Harvey +32

We present in this paper the discovery, properties, and a catalog of 1165 high redshift galaxies found in deep JWST NIRCam imaging from the GTO PEARLS survey combine…

astro-ph.GA2024

JWST view of four infant galaxies at z=8.31-8.49 in the MACS0416 field and implications for reionization

Zhiyuan Ma, Bangzheng Sun, Cheng Cheng +34

New JWST/NIRCam wide-field slitless spectroscopy provides redshifts for four z>8 galaxies located behind the lensing cluster MACS J0416.1-2403. Two of them, "Y1" and "JD", have pre…

astro-ph.GA2024

PEARLS: A Potentially Isolated Quiescent Dwarf Galaxy with a TRGB Distance of 30 Mpc

Timothy Carleton, Timothy Ellsworth-Bowers, Rogier A. Windhorst +25

A wealth of observations have long suggested that the vast majority of isolated classical dwarf galaxies (- M) are currently star-forming. However, recent o…

astro-ph.GA2024

EPOCHS III: Unbiased UV continuum slopes at 6.5<z<13 from combined PEARLS GTO and public JWST NIRCam imaging

Duncan Austin, Christopher J. Conselice, Nathan J. Adams +34

We present an analysis of rest-frame UV continuum slopes, , using a sample of 1011 galaxies at from the EPOCHS photometric sample collated from the GTO PEARLS and pu…

astro-ph.GA2025

Globular Clusters in the Galaxy Cluster MACS0416 at z = 0.397

Jessica M. Berkheimer, Rogier A. Windhorst, William E. Harris +27

We present a photometric analysis of globular clusters (GCs) in the massive galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1-2403 (z = 0.397) using deep JWST/NIRCam imaging from the PEARLS program. PSF…