papers

Publications (44)

cs.DC2026

MegaScale-Data: Scaling Dataloader for Multisource Large Foundation Model Training

Juntao Zhao, Qi Lu, Wei Jia +13

Modern frameworks for training large foundation models (LFMs) employ dataloaders in a data-parallel manner, with each loader processing a disjoint subset of training data. When pre…

cs.LG2020

Accelerated Large Batch Optimization of BERT Pretraining in 54 minutes

Shuai Zheng, Haibin Lin, Sheng Zha +1

BERT has recently attracted a lot of attention in natural language understanding (NLU) and achieved state-of-the-art results in various NLU tasks. However, its success requires lar…

cs.LG2025

MegaScale-MoE: Large-Scale Communication-Efficient Training of Mixture-of-Experts Models in Production

Chao Jin, Ziheng Jiang, Zhihao Bai +16

We present MegaScale-MoE, a production system tailored for the efficient training of large-scale mixture-of-experts (MoE) models. MoE emerges as a promising architecture to scale l…

cs.AI2025

ByteCheckpoint: A Unified Checkpointing System for Large Foundation Model Development

Borui Wan, Mingji Han, Yiyao Sheng +9

Checkpointing to preserve training states is crucial during the development of Large Foundation Models (LFMs), for training resumption upon various failures or changes in GPU resou…

cs.AI2025

Boosting Embodied AI Agents through Perception-Generation Disaggregation and Asynchronous Pipeline Execution

Shulai Zhang, Ao Xu, Quan Chen +6

Embodied AI systems operate in dynamic environments, requiring seamless integration of perception and generation modules to process high-frequency input and output demands. Traditi…

cs.LG2026

SRT: Accelerating Reinforcement Learning via Speculative Rollout with Tree-Structured Cache

Chi-Chih Chang, Siqi Zhu, Zhichen Zeng +5

We present Speculative Rollout with Tree-Structured Cache (SRT), a simple, model-free approach to accelerate on-policy reinforcement learning (RL) for language models without sacri…

cs.DC2025

MegaScale-Infer: Serving Mixture-of-Experts at Scale with Disaggregated Expert Parallelism

Ruidong Zhu, Ziheng Jiang, Chao Jin +17

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) showcases tremendous potential to scale large language models (LLMs) with enhanced performance and reduced computational complexity. However, its sparsely…

cs.LG2025

DAPO: An Open-Source LLM Reinforcement Learning System at Scale

Qiying Yu, Zheng Zhang, Ruofei Zhu +32

Inference scaling empowers LLMs with unprecedented reasoning ability, with reinforcement learning as the core technique to elicit complex reasoning. However, key technical details…

cs.LG2024

LLM-PQ: Serving LLM on Heterogeneous Clusters with Phase-Aware Partition and Adaptive Quantization

Juntao Zhao, Borui Wan, Yanghua Peng +2

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource deman…

cs.LG2024

MegaScale: Scaling Large Language Model Training to More Than 10,000 GPUs

Ziheng Jiang, Haibin Lin, Yinmin Zhong +29

We present the design, implementation and engineering experience in building and deploying MegaScale, a production system for training large language models (LLMs) at the scale of…

cs.LG2024

HybridFlow: A Flexible and Efficient RLHF Framework

Guangming Sheng, Chi Zhang, Zilingfeng Ye +6

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is widely used in Large Language Model (LLM) alignment. Traditional RL can be modeled as a dataflow, where each node represents co…

cs.CV2020

ResNeSt: Split-Attention Networks

Hang Zhang, Chongruo Wu, Zhongyue Zhang +9

It is well known that featuremap attention and multi-path representation are important for visual recognition. In this paper, we present a modularized architecture, which applies t…

cs.CL2025

Optimus: Accelerating Large-Scale Multi-Modal LLM Training by Bubble Exploitation

Weiqi Feng, Yangrui Chen, Shaoyu Wang +3

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have extended the success of large language models (LLMs) to multiple data types, such as image, text and audio, achieving significant perf…

cs.DC2019

Just-in-Time Dynamic-Batching

Sheng Zha, Ziheng Jiang, Haibin Lin +1

Batching is an essential technique to improve computation efficiency in deep learning frameworks. While batch processing for models with static feed-forward computation graphs is s…

cs.DC2025

SwiftSpec: Ultra-Low Latency LLM Decoding by Scaling Asynchronous Speculative Decoding

Ziyi Zhang, Ziheng Jiang, Chengquan Jiang +5

Low-latency decoding for large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications like chatbots and code assistants, yet generating long outputs remains slow in single-query settin…

cs.LG2020

Local AdaAlter: Communication-Efficient Stochastic Gradient Descent with Adaptive Learning Rates

Cong Xie, Oluwasanmi Koyejo, Indranil Gupta +1

When scaling distributed training, the communication overhead is often the bottleneck. In this paper, we propose a novel SGD variant with reduced communication and adaptive learnin…

cs.LG2022

ByteComp: Revisiting Gradient Compression in Distributed Training

Zhuang Wang, Haibin Lin, Yibo Zhu +1

Gradient compression (GC) is a promising approach to addressing the communication bottleneck in distributed deep learning (DDL). However, it is challenging to find the optimal comp…

cs.DC2021

Compressed Communication for Distributed Training: Adaptive Methods and System

Yuchen Zhong, Cong Xie, Shuai Zheng +1

Communication overhead severely hinders the scalability of distributed machine learning systems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using gradient compression to reduce…

cs.LG2026

FAPO: Flawed-Aware Policy Optimization for Efficient and Reliable Reasoning

Yuyang Ding, Chi Zhang, Juntao Li +2

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). In this context,…

cs.LG2023

CDMPP: A Device-Model Agnostic Framework for Latency Prediction of Tensor Programs

Hanpeng Hu, Junwei Su, Juntao Zhao +4

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have shown excellent performance in a wide range of machine learning applications. Knowing the latency of running a DNN model or tensor program on a spe…

cs.DC2025

TileLink: Generating Efficient Compute-Communication Overlapping Kernels using Tile-Centric Primitives

Size Zheng, Jin Fang, Xuegui Zheng +9

Large deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of tasks. These models often necessitate distributed systems for efficient training and infere…

cs.AI2025

VAPO: Efficient and Reliable Reinforcement Learning for Advanced Reasoning Tasks

Yu Yue, Yufeng Yuan, Qiying Yu +24

We present VAPO, Value-based Augmented Proximal Policy Optimization framework for reasoning models., a novel framework tailored for reasoning models within the value-based paradigm…

cs.DC2022

dPRO: A Generic Profiling and Optimization System for Expediting Distributed DNN Training

Hanpeng Hu, Chenyu Jiang, Yuchen Zhong +5

Distributed training using multiple devices (e.g., GPUs) has been widely adopted for learning DNN models over large datasets. However, the performance of large-scale distributed tr…

cs.DC2025

Verify Distributed Deep Learning Model Implementation Refinement with Iterative Relation Inference

Zhanghan Wang, Ding Ding, Hang Zhu +2

Distributed machine learning training and inference is common today because today's large models require more memory and compute than can be provided by a single GPU. Distributed m…

cs.DC2025

Minder: Faulty Machine Detection for Large-scale Distributed Model Training

Yangtao Deng, Xiang Shi, Zhuo Jiang +12

Large-scale distributed model training requires simultaneous training on up to thousands of machines. Faulty machine detection is critical when an unexpected fault occurs in a mach…

cs.LG2020

CSER: Communication-efficient SGD with Error Reset

Cong Xie, Shuai Zheng, Oluwasanmi Koyejo +3

The scalability of Distributed Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is today limited by communication bottlenecks. We propose a novel SGD variant: Communication-efficient SGD with Err…

cs.LG2020

GluonCV and GluonNLP: Deep Learning in Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing

Jian Guo, He He, Tong He +13

We present GluonCV and GluonNLP, the deep learning toolkits for computer vision and natural language processing based on Apache MXNet (incubating). These toolkits provide state-of-…

cs.LG2025

Robust LLM Training Infrastructure at ByteDance

Borui Wan, Gaohong Liu, Zuquan Song +32

The training scale of large language models (LLMs) has reached tens of thousands of GPUs and is still continuously expanding, enabling faster learning of larger models. Accompanyin…

cs.CL2025

Seed1.5-Thinking: Advancing Superb Reasoning Models with Reinforcement Learning

ByteDance Seed, :, Jiaze Chen +267

We introduce Seed1.5-Thinking, capable of reasoning through thinking before responding, resulting in improved performance on a wide range of benchmarks. Seed1.5-Thinking achieves 8…

cs.CV2025

Seed1.5-VL Technical Report

Dong Guo, Faming Wu, Feida Zhu +194

We present Seed1.5-VL, a vision-language foundation model designed to advance general-purpose multimodal understanding and reasoning. Seed1.5-VL is composed with a 532M-parameter v…

cs.DC2025

Understanding Stragglers in Large Model Training Using What-if Analysis

Jinkun Lin, Ziheng Jiang, Zuquan Song +13

Large language model (LLM) training is one of the most demanding distributed computations today, often requiring thousands of GPUs with frequent synchronization across machines. Su…

cs.LG2024

QSync: Quantization-Minimized Synchronous Distributed Training Across Hybrid Devices

Juntao Zhao, Borui Wan, Yanghua Peng +3

A number of production deep learning clusters have attempted to explore inference hardware for DNN training, at the off-peak serving hours with many inference GPUs idling. Conducti…

cs.LG2024

SDP4Bit: Toward 4-bit Communication Quantization in Sharded Data Parallelism for LLM Training

Jinda Jia, Cong Xie, Hanlin Lu +8

Recent years have witnessed a clear trend towards language models with an ever-increasing number of parameters, as well as the growing training overhead and memory usage. Distribut…

cs.LG2023

LEMON: Lossless model expansion

Yite Wang, Jiahao Su, Hanlin Lu +6

Scaling of deep neural networks, especially Transformers, is pivotal for their surging performance and has further led to the emergence of sophisticated reasoning capabilities in f…

cs.DC2025

Comet: Fine-grained Computation-communication Overlapping for Mixture-of-Experts

Shulai Zhang, Ningxin Zheng, Haibin Lin +9

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) has been extensively employed to scale large language models to trillion-plus parameters while maintaining a fixed computational cost. The development of l…

cs.LG2026

DisagMoE: Computation-Communication overlapped MoE Training via Disaggregated AF-Pipe Parallelism

Zhichen Zeng, Chi-Chih Chang, Jiayi Wang +10

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures enable trillion-parameter LLMs with sparsely activated experts. Expert parallelism (EP) is a widely adopted MoE training strategy, but it suf…

cs.LG2019

Dynamic Mini-batch SGD for Elastic Distributed Training: Learning in the Limbo of Resources

Haibin Lin, Hang Zhang, Yifei Ma +4

With an increasing demand for training powers for deep learning algorithms and the rapid growth of computation resources in data centers, it is desirable to dynamically schedule di…

cs.DC2025

ByteScale: Efficient Scaling of LLM Training with a 2048K Context Length on More Than 12,000 GPUs

Hao Ge, Junda Feng, Qi Huang +6

Scaling long-context ability is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs). To amortize the memory consumption across multiple devices in long-context training, inter-data partitio…

cs.LG2024

FLUX: Fast Software-based Communication Overlap On GPUs Through Kernel Fusion

Li-Wen Chang, Wenlei Bao, Qi Hou +10

Large deep learning models have demonstrated strong ability to solve many tasks across a wide range of applications. Those large models typically require training and inference to…

cs.LG2025

Laminar: A Scalable Asynchronous RL Post-Training Framework

Guangming Sheng, Yuxuan Tong, Borui Wan +10

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training for Large Language Models (LLMs) is now scaling to large clusters and running for extended durations to enhance model reasoning performanc…

cs.PL2025

veScale: Consistent and Efficient Tensor Programming with Eager-Mode SPMD

Youjie Li, Cheng Wan, Zhiqi Lin +10

Large Language Models (LLMs) have scaled rapidly in size and complexity, requiring increasingly intricate parallelism for distributed training, such as 3D parallelism. This sophist…

cs.DC2020

Is Network the Bottleneck of Distributed Training?

Zhen Zhang, Chaokun Chang, Haibin Lin +3

Recently there has been a surge of research on improving the communication efficiency of distributed training. However, little work has been done to systematically understand wheth…

cs.DC2025

Triton-distributed: Programming Overlapping Kernels on Distributed AI Systems with the Triton Compiler

Size Zheng, Wenlei Bao, Qi Hou +19

In this report, we propose Triton-distributed, an extension of existing Triton compiler, to overcome the programming challenges in distributed AI systems. Triton-distributed is the…

cs.DC2026

MegaScale-Omni: A Hyper-Scale, Workload-Resilient System for MultiModal LLM Training in Production

Chunyu Xue, Yangrui Chen, Jianyu Jiang +14

As the foundational component of versatile AI applications, training an multimodal large language model (MLLM) relies on multimodal datasets with dynamic modality mixture proportio…