papers

Publications (29)

cs.LG2021

Environment Inference for Invariant Learning

Elliot Creager, Jörn-Henrik Jacobsen, Richard Zemel

Learning models that gracefully handle distribution shifts is central to research on domain generalization, robust optimization, and fairness. A promising formulation is domain-inv…

cs.SD2016

Nonnegative tensor factorization with frequency modulation cues for blind audio source separation

Elliot Creager, Noah D. Stein, Roland Badeau +1

We present Vibrato Nonnegative Tensor Factorization, an algorithm for single-channel unsupervised audio source separation with an application to separating instrumental or vocal so…

cs.LG2021

On Disentangled Representations Learned From Correlated Data

Frederik Träuble, Elliot Creager, Niki Kilbertus +5

The focus of disentanglement approaches has been on identifying independent factors of variation in data. However, the causal variables underlying real-world observations are often…

cs.LG2023

Out of the Ordinary: Spectrally Adapting Regression for Covariate Shift

Benjamin Eyre, Elliot Creager, David Madras +2

Designing deep neural network classifiers that perform robustly on distributions differing from the available training data is an active area of machine learning research. However,…

eess.SP2026

Reliable Quasi-Static Post-Fall Floor-Occupancy Detection Using Low-Cost Millimetre-Wave Radar

Huy Trinh, Phuong Thai, Elliot Creager +1

As the population ages rapidly, long-term care (LTC) facilities across North America face growing pressure to monitor residents safely while keeping staff workload manageable. Fall…

cs.LG2025

Transformers Don't In-Context Learn Least Squares Regression

Joshua Hill, Benjamin Eyre, Elliot Creager

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful capability of large pretrained transformers, enabling them to solve new tasks implicit in example input-output pairs without any…

cs.CV2019

Explaining Image Classifiers by Counterfactual Generation

Chun-Hao Chang, Elliot Creager, Anna Goldenberg +1

When an image classifier makes a prediction, which parts of the image are relevant and why? We can rephrase this question to ask: which parts of the image, if they were not seen by…

cs.LG2023

Online Algorithmic Recourse by Collective Action

Elliot Creager, Richard Zemel

Research on algorithmic recourse typically considers how an individual can reasonably change an unfavorable automated decision when interacting with a fixed decision-making system.…

cs.LG2020

Fairness and Robustness in Invariant Learning: A Case Study in Toxicity Classification

Robert Adragna, Elliot Creager, David Madras +1

Robustness is of central importance in machine learning and has given rise to the fields of domain generalization and invariant learning, which are concerned with improving perform…

cs.LG2023

Robust Machine Learning by Transforming and Augmenting Imperfect Training Data

Elliot Creager

Machine Learning (ML) is an expressive framework for turning data into computer programs. Across many problem domains -- both in industry and policy settings -- the types of comput…

cs.LG2020

Causal Modeling for Fairness in Dynamical Systems

Elliot Creager, David Madras, Toniann Pitassi +1

In many application areas---lending, education, and online recommenders, for example---fairness and equity concerns emerge when a machine learning system interacts with a dynamical…

cs.LG2022

MoCoDA: Model-based Counterfactual Data Augmentation

Silviu Pitis, Elliot Creager, Ajay Mandlekar +1

The number of states in a dynamic process is exponential in the number of objects, making reinforcement learning (RL) difficult in complex, multi-object domains. For agents to scal…

eess.SP2026

Doppler-Domain Respiratory Amplification for Semi-Static Human Occupancy Detection Using Low-Resolution SIMO FMCW Radar

Huy Trinh, Elliot Creager, George Shaker

Radar-based sensing is a promising privacy-preserving alternative to cameras and wearables in settings such as long-term care. Yet detecting quasi-static presence (lying, sitting,…

cs.LG2025

Conscious Data Contribution via Community-Driven Chain-of-Thought Distillation

Lena Libon, Meghana Bhange, Rushabh Solanki +2

The current era of AI development places a heavy emphasis on training large models on increasingly scaled-up datasets. This paradigm has catalyzed entirely new product categories,…

cs.CL2024

Show, Don't Tell: Uncovering Implicit Character Portrayal using LLMs

Brandon Jaipersaud, Zining Zhu, Frank Rudzicz +1

Tools for analyzing character portrayal in fiction are valuable for writers and literary scholars in developing and interpreting compelling stories. Existing tools, such as visuali…

cs.LG2020

Counterfactual Data Augmentation using Locally Factored Dynamics

Silviu Pitis, Elliot Creager, Animesh Garg

Many dynamic processes, including common scenarios in robotic control and reinforcement learning (RL), involve a set of interacting subprocesses. Though the subprocesses are not in…

cs.LG2018

Fairness Through Causal Awareness: Learning Latent-Variable Models for Biased Data

David Madras, Elliot Creager, Toniann Pitassi +1

How do we learn from biased data? Historical datasets often reflect historical prejudices; sensitive or protected attributes may affect the observed treatments and outcomes. Classi…

cs.LG2023

SURFSUP: Learning Fluid Simulation for Novel Surfaces

Arjun Mani, Ishaan Preetam Chandratreya, Elliot Creager +2

Modeling the mechanics of fluid in complex scenes is vital to applications in design, graphics, and robotics. Learning-based methods provide fast and differentiable fluid simulator…

cs.LG2026

DriftXpress: Faster Drifting Models via Projected RKHS Fields

Ali Falahati, Elliot Creager, Gautam Kamath +1

Drifting Models have emerged as a new paradigm for one-step generative modeling, achieving strong image quality without iterative inference. The premise is to replace the iterative…

cs.LG2020

Optimizing Long-term Social Welfare in Recommender Systems: A Constrained Matching Approach

Martin Mladenov, Elliot Creager, Omer Ben-Porat +3

Most recommender systems (RS) research assumes that a user's utility can be maximized independently of the utility of the other agents (e.g., other users, content providers). In re…

cs.LG2026

Test-Time Collective Action: Proxy-Based Perturbations for Correcting Algorithmic Harms

Meghana Bhange, Ulrich Aïvodji, Ulrich Aïvodji +1

When machine learning systems under-perform for particular subgroups, affected users typically have no way to correct these disparities without relying on platform-level fixes. Exi…

eess.SP2026

A Physics-Informed Digital Twin Framework for Calibrated Sim-to-Real FMCW Radar Occupancy Estimation

Huy Trinh, Sebastian Ratto, Elliot Creager +1

Learning robust radar perception models directly from real measurements is costly due to the need for controlled experiments, repeated calibration, and extensive annotation. This p…

cs.LG2024

Promoting User Data Autonomy During the Dissolution of a Monopolistic Firm

Rushabh Solanki, Elliot Creager

The deployment of AI in consumer products is currently focused on the use of so-called foundation models, large neural networks pre-trained on massive corpora of digital records. T…

cs.LG2018

Learning Adversarially Fair and Transferable Representations

David Madras, Elliot Creager, Toniann Pitassi +1

In this paper, we advocate for representation learning as the key to mitigating unfair prediction outcomes downstream. Motivated by a scenario where learned representations are use…

cs.LG2025

Active Slice Discovery in Large Language Models

Minhui Zhang, Prahar Ijner, Yoav Wald +1

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit systematic errors on specific subsets of data, known as error slices. For instance, a slice can correspond to a certain demographic, wher…

cs.CL2025

Say It Another Way: Auditing LLMs with a User-Grounded Automated Paraphrasing Framework

Cléa Chataigner, Rebecca Ma, Prakhar Ganesh +4

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to subtle changes in prompt phrasing, posing challenges for reliable auditing. Prior methods often apply unconstrained prompt para…

cs.LG2019

Flexibly Fair Representation Learning by Disentanglement

Elliot Creager, David Madras, Jörn-Henrik Jacobsen +4

We consider the problem of learning representations that achieve group and subgroup fairness with respect to multiple sensitive attributes. Taking inspiration from the disentangled…

cs.LG2026

Crowding Out The Noise: Algorithmic Collective Action Under Differential Privacy

Rushabh Solanki, Meghana Bhange, Ulrich Aïvodji +1

The integration of AI into daily life has generated considerable attention and excitement, while also raising concerns about automating algorithmic harms and re-entrenching existin…

cs.AI2024

Remembering to Be Fair: Non-Markovian Fairness in Sequential Decision Making

Parand A. Alamdari, Toryn Q. Klassen, Elliot Creager +1

Fair decision making has largely been studied with respect to a single decision. Here we investigate the notion of fairness in the context of sequential decision making where multi…