Publications (69)
Crowdsourcing for Participatory Democracies: Efficient Elicitation of Social Choice Functions
David Lee, Ashish Goel, Tanja Aitamurto +1
We present theoretical and empirical results demonstrating the usefulness of voting rules for participatory democracies. We first give algorithms which efficiently elicit ε-approx…
QuickLAP: Quick Language-Action Preference Learning for Semi-Autonomous Agents
Jordan Abi Nader, David Lee, Nathaniel Dennler +1
Robots must learn from both what people do and what they say, but either modality alone is often incomplete: physical corrections are grounded but ambiguous in intent, while langua…
WST -- Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope: The Next Leap in Wide-field Spectroscopy
Roland Bacon, Olga Bellido, Philippe Dierickx +53
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a concept for a dedicated 12-m spectroscopic survey facility designed to address some of the most important questions in astrophysic…
A Proof of the 2004 Albert-Grossman-Nowakowski-Wolfe Conjecture on Alternating Linear Clobber
Xinyue Chen, Taylor Folkersen, Kamillah Hasham +5
Clobber is an alternate-turn two-player game introduced in 2001 by Albert, Grossman, Nowakowski and Wolfe. The board is a graph with each node colored black (x), white (o), or empt…
Triadic Consensus: A Randomized Algorithm for Voting in a Crowd
Ashish Goel, David Lee
Typical voting rules do not work well in settings with many candidates. If there are just several hundred candidates, then even a simple task such as choosing a top candidate becom…
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) Science White Paper
Vincenzo Mainieri, Richard I. Anderson, Jarle Brinchmann +214
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is proposed as a new facility dedicated to the efficient delivery of spectroscopic surveys. This white paper summarises the initial con…
Petrov-Galerkin flux upwinding for mixed mimetic spectral elements, and its application to geophysical flow problems
David Lee
Upwinded mass fluxes are described and analysed for advection operators discretised using mixed mimetic spectral elements. This involves a Petrov-Galerkin formulation by which the…
WST -- Widefield Spectroscopic Telescope: addressing the instrumentation challenges of a new 12m class telescope dedicated to widefield Multi-object and Integral Field Spectroscopy
David Lee, Joel D. R. Vernet, Roland Bacon +23
WST - Widefield Spectroscopic Telescope: We summarise the design challenges of instrumentation for a proposed 12m class Telescope that aims to provide a large (>2.5 square degree)…
Exact spatial and temporal balance of energy exchanges within a horizontally explicit/vertically implicit non-hydrostatic atmosphere
David Lee, Artur Palha
A new horizontally explicit/vertically implicit (HEVI) time splitting scheme for atmospheric modelling is introduced, for which the horizontal divergence terms are applied within t…
A generalized Liouville theorem via division
David Lee
W}e study the equation on for a class of admissible symbols whose zero set is the unit sphere and which vanish there to some finite ord…
Consistency analysis for combined homogenization and shallow water limit of water waves
Antoine Gloria, David Lee
We consider a shallow water model in a homogenization framework. For periodic topographies, Craig, Lannes and Sulem have established a consistency result under some non-resonance c…
A Mixed Mimetic Spectral Element Model of the Rotating Shallow Water Equations on the Cubed Sphere
David Lee, Artur Palha
In a previous article [J. Comp. Phys. (2018) 282-304], the mixed mimetic spectral element method was used to solve the rotating shallow water equations in an idealiz…
A Comparison of Rosenbrock-Wanner and Crank-Nicolson Time Integrators for Atmospheric Modelling
David Lee
Non-hydrostatic atmospheric models often use semi-implicit temporal discretisations in order to negate the time step limitation of explicitly resolving the fast acoustic and gravit…
Conservation and stability in a discontinuous Galerkin method for the vector invariant spherical shallow water equations
Kieran Ricardo, David Lee, Kenneth Duru
We develop a novel and efficient discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method (DG-SEM) for the spherical rotating shallow water equations in vector invariant form. We prove that…
WST Multi-Object Spectrograph Fiber Positioners:Development of a 32,000-Unit Precision Robotic System
Sébastien Pernecker, Maxime Rombach, Malak Galal +13
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope Multi-Object Spectrograph requires an unprecedented fiber positioning system comprising 30'000 low-resolution and 2'000 high-resolution posit…
Star Tracker Misalignment Compensation in Deep Space Navigation Through Model-Based Estimation
Ridma Ganganath, Simone Servadio, David Lee
This work presents a novel adaptive framework for simultaneously estimating spacecraft attitude and sensor misalignment. Uncorrected star tracker misalignment can introduce signifi…
Fundamental Solutions of the Logarithmic Laplacian: An Approach via the Division Problem
David Lee
Existence of the fundamental solution of the logarithmic Laplacian (in dimensions ) was established by Huyuan Chen and Laurent Véron (2024). In this note, we present an…
Distinguishing Posed and Spontaneous Smiles by Facial Dynamics
Bappaditya Mandal, David Lee, Nizar Ouarti
Smile is one of the key elements in identifying emotions and present state of mind of an individual. In this work, we propose a cluster of approaches to classify posed and spontane…
Extended Tactile Perception: Vibration Sensing through Tools and Grasped Objects
Tasbolat Taunyazov, Luar Shui Song, Eugene Lim +4
Humans display the remarkable ability to sense the world through tools and other held objects. For example, we are able to pinpoint impact locations on a held rod and tell apart di…
Besov Reconstruction
Lucas Broux, David Lee
Reconstruction theorems tackle the problem of building a global distribution on or on a manifold, given a sufficiently coherent family of local approximations, see […
NTIRE 2020 Challenge on NonHomogeneous Dehazing
Codruta O. Ancuti, Cosmin Ancuti, Florin-Alexandru Vasluianu +49
This paper reviews the NTIRE 2020 Challenge on NonHomogeneous Dehazing of images (restoration of rich details in hazy image). We focus on the proposed solutions and their results e…
JWST MIRI flight performance: The Medium-Resolution Spectrometer
Ioannis Argyriou, Alistair Glasse, David R. Law +22
The Medium-Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) provides one of the four operating modes of the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The MRS is a…
Electron spin resonance study of atomic hydrogen stabilized in solid neon below 1K
Sergey Sheludiakov, Janne Ahokas, Jarno Jarvinen +4
We report on an electron spin resonance study of atomic hydrogen stabilized in a solid Ne matrices carried out at a high field of 4.6 T and temperatures below 1 K. The films of Ne,…
JWST MIRI Flight Performance: Imaging
Dan Dicken, Macarena GarcÃa MarÃn, Irene Shivaei +37
The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provides the observatory with a huge advance in mid-infrared imaging and spectroscopy covering the w…
Thermodynamic consistency and structure-preservation in summation by parts methods for the moist compressible Euler equations
Kieran Ricardo, David Lee, Kenneth Duru
Moist thermodynamics is a fundamental driver of atmospheric dynamics across all scales, making accurate modeling of these processes essential for reliable weather forecasts and cli…
WST -- Widefield Spectroscopic Telescope: Motivation, science drivers and top-level requirements for a new dedicated facility
Roland Bacon, Vincenzo Maineiri, Sofia Randich +37
In this paper, we describe the wide-field spectroscopic survey telescope (WST) project. WST is a 12-metre wide-field spectroscopic survey telescope with simultaneous operation of a…
The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope, VI: The Medium Resolution Spectrometer
Martyn Wells, J. -W. Pel, Alistair Glasse +35
We describe the design and performance of the Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) for the JWST-MIRI instrument. The MRS incorporates four coaxial spectral channels in a compact op…
Radiation from Atoms Falling into a Black Hole
Marlan O. Scully, Stephen Fulling, David Lee +3
We show that atoms falling from outside through a cavity into a black hole (BH) emit acceleration radiation which to a distant observer looks much like Hawking BH radiation. In par…
Alignment of Tractography Streamlines using Deformation Transfer via Parallel Transport
Andrew Lizarraga, David Lee, Antoni Kubicki +4
We present a geometric framework for aligning white matter fiber tracts. By registering fiber tracts between brains, one expects to see overlap of anatomical structures that often…
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope: optical designs for the low-resolution multi-object spectrographs
Will Saunders, Kjetil Dohlen, Dimitri Buffat +7
In MOS Low-Resolution mode, WST has a 'spectral etendue' per fiber (etendue x spectral resolution elements) twice as large as any existing MOS instrument, and a total spectral eten…
The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
LBNE Collaboration, Corey Adams, David Adams +482
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons even…
Characterization of solutions of a generalized Helmholtz problem
Daniel Hauer, David Lee
In this article, we classify all distributional solutions of where is a non-constant Bernstein function. Specifically, we show that the Fourier transform of …
Generating Probability Distributions using Multivalued Stochastic Relay Circuits
David Lee, Jehoshua Bruck
The problem of random number generation dates back to von Neumann's work in 1951. Since then, many algorithms have been developed for generating unbiased bits from complex correlat…
An expanded evaluation of protein function prediction methods shows an improvement in accuracy
Yuxiang Jiang, Tal Ronnen Oron, Wyatt T Clark +144
Background: The increasing volume and variety of genotypic and phenotypic data is a major defining characteristic of modern biomedical sciences. At the same time, the limitations i…
The nature of point source fringes in mid-infrared spectra acquired with the James Webb Space Telescope
Ioannis Argyriou, Martyn Wells, Alistair Glasse +10
The constructive and destructive interference in different layers of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) detector arrays modulate the detected sign…
Discrete conservation properties for shallow water flows using mixed mimetic spectral elements
David Lee, Artur Palha, Marc Gerritsma
A mixed mimetic spectral element method is applied to solve the rotating shallow water equations. The mixed method uses the recently developed spectral element histopolation functi…
Biased Assimilation, Homophily and the Dynamics of Polarization
Pranav Dandekar, Ashish Goel, David Lee
Are we as a society getting more polarized, and if so, why? We try to answer this question through a model of opinion formation. Empirical studies have shown that homophily results…
Modal noise mitigation for high-precision spectroscopy using a photonic reformatter
Fraser A. Pike, Aurélien Benoît, David G. MacLachlan +5
Recently, we demonstrated how an astrophotonic light reformatting device, based on a multicore fibre photonic lantern and a three-dimensional waveguide component, can be used to ef…
Pricing Financial Derivatives Subject to Counterparty Risk and Credit Value Adjustment
David Lee
This article presents a generic model for pricing financial derivatives subject to counterparty credit risk. Both unilateral and bilateral types of credit risks are considered. Our…
The origin of [Fe II] emission in NGC 4151
James E. H. Turner, Jeremy Allington-Smith, Scott Chapman +5
The centre of NGC 4151 has been observed in the J-band with the SMIRFS integral field unit (IFU) on the UK Infrared Telescope. A map of [Fe II] emission is derived, and compared wi…
Helmholtz preconditioning for the compressible Euler equations using mixed finite elements with Lorenz staggering
David Lee, Alberto F. MartÃn, Kieran Ricardo
Implicit solvers for atmospheric models are often accelerated via the solution of a preconditioned system. For block preconditioners this typically involves the factorisation of th…
Current status of the High-Resolution Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS-HR) for the Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope
Andrea Tozzi, Anna Brucalassi, Matteo Munari +10
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a planned 12-meter class dedicated spectroscopic facility for massive spectroscopic surveys. This paper presents the current status…
Light, the universe, and everything -- 12 Herculean tasks for quantum cowboys and black diamond skiers
Girish Agarwal, Roland Allen, Iva Bezdekova +29
The Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics (PQE) has been a seminal force in quantum optics and related areas since 1971. It is rather mindboggling to recognize ho…
High order tracer variance stable transport with low order energy conserving dynamics for the thermal shallow water equations
David Lee, Kieran Ricardo, Tamara Tambyah
A high order discontinuous Galerkin method for the material transport of thermodynamic tracers is coupled to a low order mixed finite element solver in the context of the thermal s…
Energy and entropy conserving compatible finite elements with upwinding for the thermal shallow water equations
Tamara A. Tambyah, David Lee, Santiago Badia
In this work, we develop a new compatible finite element formulation of the thermal shallow water equations that conserves energy and mathematical entropies given by buoyancy-relat…
An extension problem of higher order operators and operators of logarithmic type via renormalization
David Lee
We introduce a method of obtaining a higher order extension problem, á la Caffarelli-Silvestre, utilizing ideas from renormalization. Moreover, we give an alternative perspective…
The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning
Jane Rigby, Marshall Perrin, Michael McElwain +623
This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performanc…
ANDES, the high-resolution spectrograph for the ELT: design and performance analysis of the YJH spectrograph
Vinooja Thurairethinam, David Lee, James Stevenson +29
The ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph (ANDES) is a powerful second-generation high-resolution spectroscopic instrument for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). The UBV…
An entropy stable discontinuous Galerkin method for the spherical thermal shallow water equations
Kieran Ricardo, Kenneth Duru, David Lee
We present a novel discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for numerical simulations of the rotating thermal shallow water equations in complex geometries using curvilinear me…
An energetically balanced, quasi-Newton integrator for non-hydrostatic vertical atmospheric dynamics
David Lee
An energetically balanced, implicit integrator for non-hydrostatic vertical atmospheric dynamics on the sphere is presented. The integrator allows for the exact balance of energy e…
Virtual Multicrossings and Petal Diagrams for Virtual Knots and Links
Colin Adams, Chaim Even-Zohar, Jonah Greenberg +6
Multicrossings, which have previously been defined for classical knots and links, are extended to virtual knots and links. In particular, petal diagrams are shown to exist for all…
Data driven non-equilibrium moist phase exchanges for atmospheric convection within a discontinuous Galerkin model of the compressible Euler equations
David Lee, Kieran Ricardo, Junwei Lyu
The paper trains a neural network to predict mass exchanges among vapor, liquid, and ice in atmospheric convection and embeds it in a discontinuous Galerkin model of the compressib…
Lossless Prompt Compression via Dictionary-Encoding and In-Context Learning: Enabling Cost-Effective LLM Analysis of Repetitive Data
Andresa Rodrigues de Campos, David Lee, Imry Kissos +1
In-context learning has established itself as an important learning paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we demonstrate that LLMs can learn encoding keys in-co…
Functional Calculus via the extension technique: a first hitting time approach
Daniel Hauer, David Lee
In this article, we present a solution to the problem: "Which type of linear operators can be realized by the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator associated with the operator $-Î-a(z)\f…
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST): design trade-offs for the low-resolution multi-object spectrograph instrument
Dimitri Buffat, Will Saunders, Kjetil Dohlen +10
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a planned 12-meter-class dedicated spectroscopic facility designed to address key scientific challenges through large spectroscopic…
MLPerf Inference Benchmark
Vijay Janapa Reddi, Christine Cheng, David Kanter +44
Machine-learning (ML) hardware and software system demand is burgeoning. Driven by ML applications, the number of different ML inference systems has exploded. Over 100 organization…
Gradual smoothing: strong hypercontractivity and logarithmic Sobolev inequalities
Arturo de Pablo, David Lee, Fernando Quirós +1
We study the possibility of a gradual improvement as time progresses of the regularity of solutions to evolution problems of parabolic type driven by Lévy-type operators, not nece…
WST, the Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope: dispersing elements
Andrea Bianco, Michele Frangiamore, Anna Brucalassi +7
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a proposed 12-m class facility entirely dedicated to spectroscopic surveys, combining a high-multiplex multi-object spectrograph ope…
Performance of volume phase gratings manufactured using ultrafast laser inscription
David Lee, Robert R. Thomson, Colin R. Cunningham
Ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) is a rapidly maturing technique which uses focused ultrashort laser pulses to locally modify the refractive index of dielectric materials in three…
Multiple object and integral field near-infrared spectroscopy using fibers
Roger Haynes, David Lee, Jeremy Allington-Smith +10
We describe a new system for multiple object spectroscopy and integral field spectroscopy at near-infrared wavelengths using optical fibers. Both modes of the SMIRFS instrument hav…
CREATe: Clinical Report Extraction and Annotation Technology
Yichao Zhou, Wei-Ting Chen, Bowen Zhang +6
Clinical case reports are written descriptions of the unique aspects of a particular clinical case, playing an essential role in sharing clinical experiences about atypical disease…
A perfectly matched layer for damping vertically propagating waves in the compressible Boussinesq equations
Timothy C. Andrews, Kenneth Duru, David Lee
This paper introduces a new application of the perfectly matched layer (PML) for mitigating model top wave reflections in geophysical fluid models. Typically, a strong Laplacian or…
WST, the Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope: Mechanical Design and FE Analyses for the High Resolution Spectrograph
Simone D'Auria, Andrea Tozzi, Anna Brucalassi +5
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is a planned 12-meter-class dedicated spectroscopic facility designed to address key scientific challenges through large spectroscopic…
Vision based Pedestrian Potential Risk Analysis based on Automated Behavior Feature Extraction for Smart and Safe City
Byeongjoon Noh, Dongho Ka, David Lee +1
Despite recent advances in vehicle safety technologies, road traffic accidents still pose a severe threat to human lives and have become a leading cause of premature deaths. In par…
Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years
Giovanna Tinetti, Paul Eccleston, Carole Haswell +313
Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. Durin…
WST, the wide-field spectroscopic telescope: progress on the design of the instruments
David Lee, Joel Vernet, Elizabeth George +47
WST, the Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope is a proposed new facility that will provide a transformational gain in spectroscopic survey capability over existing facilities. The WS…
A comparison of variational upwinding schemes for geophysical fluids, and their application to potential enstrophy conserving discretisations
David Lee, Alberto F. MartÃn, Christopher Bladwell +1
Methods for upwinding the potential vorticity in a compatible finite element discretisation of the rotating shallow water equations are studied. These include the well-known antici…
Widescope - A social platform for serious conversations on the Web
Noah Burbank, Debojyoti Dutta, Ashish Goel +3
There are several web platforms that people use to interact and exchange ideas, such as social networks like Facebook, Twitter, and Google+; Q&A sites like Quora and Yahoo! Answers…
Entropy and energy conservation for thermal atmospheric dynamics using mixed compatible finite elements
Kieran Ricardo, David Lee, Kenneth Duru
Atmospheric systems incorporating thermal dynamics must be stable with respect to both energy and entropy. While energy conservation can be enforced via the preservation of the ske…