Publications (113)
On off-diagonal hypergraph Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benjamin Gunby +4
A fundamental problem in Ramsey theory is to determine the growth rate in terms of of the Ramsey number of a fixed -uniform hypergraph versus the compl…
Subset sums, completeness and colorings
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham
We develop novel techniques which allow us to prove a diverse range of results relating to subset sums and complete sequences of positive integers, including solutions to several l…
A note on arithmetic progressions with restricted differences
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham
In this note, we show how to adapt Tao's slice rank method to extend the Ellenberg--Gijswijt theorem on cap sets to the problem of forbidding arithmetic progressions with restricte…
Monochromatic combinatorial lines of length three
David Conlon
We show that there is a constant such that any colouring of the cube in colours contains a monochromatic combinatorial line.
More on the extremal number of subdivisions
David Conlon, Oliver Janzer, Joonkyung Lee
Given a graph , the extremal number is the largest number of edges in an -free graph on vertices. We make progress on a number of conjectures about the…
Hypergraphs accumulate infinitely often
David Conlon, Bjarne Schülke
We show that the set of Turán densities of -uniform hypergraphs has infinitely many accumulation points in for every . This extends an earlier resu…
Ramsey numbers and the Zarankiewicz problem
David Conlon, Sam Mattheus, Dhruv Mubayi +1
Building on recent work of Mattheus and Verstraëte, we establish a general connection between Ramsey numbers of the form for a fixed graph and a variant of the Zarank…
Hypergraphs accumulate
David Conlon, Bjarne Schülke
We show that for every integer , the set of Turán densities of -uniform hypergraphs has an accumulation point in . In particular, is an accumulation point…
The Ramsey number of books
David Conlon
We show that in every two-colouring of the edges of the complete graph there is a monochromatic which can be extended in at least ways to a monoch…
Cycle packing
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
In the 1960s, ErdÅs and Gallai conjectured that the edge set of every graph on n vertices can be partitioned into O(n) cycles and edges. They observed that one can easily get an O…
Monochromatic cycle partitions in local edge colourings
David Conlon, Maya Stein
An edge colouring of a graph is said to be an -local colouring if the edges incident to any vertex are coloured with at most colours. Generalising a result of Bessy and Thom…
A relative Szemerédi theorem
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yufei Zhao
The celebrated Green-Tao theorem states that there are arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions in the primes. One of the main ingredients in their proof is a relative Szemerédi t…
Set-coloring Ramsey numbers and error-correcting codes near the zero-rate threshold
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham +1
For positive integers with , the set-coloring Ramsey number is the minimum such that if every edge of the complete graph receives a set of c…
Hereditary quasirandomness without regularity
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
A result of Simonovits and Sós states that for any fixed graph and any there exists such that if is an -vertex graph with the property that every $S \su…
Short proofs of some extremal results II
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We prove several results from different areas of extremal combinatorics, including complete or partial solutions to a number of open problems. These results, coming mainly from ext…
Hypergraph expanders of all uniformities from Cayley graphs
David Conlon, Jonathan Tidor, Yufei Zhao
Hypergraph expanders are hypergraphs with surprising, non-intuitive expansion properties. In a recent paper, the first author gave a simple construction, which can be randomized, o…
When are off-diagonal hypergraph Ramsey numbers polynomial?
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benjamin Gunby +5
A natural open problem in Ramsey theory is to determine those -graphs for which the off-diagonal Ramsey number grows polynomially with . We make substan…
A note on lower bounds for hypergraph Ramsey numbers
David Conlon
We improve upon the lower bound for 3-colour hypergraph Ramsey numbers, showing, in the 3-uniform case, that \[r_3 (l,l,l) \geq 2^{l^{c \log \log l}}.\] The old bound, due to ErdÅ…
Graphs with few paths of prescribed length between any two vertices
David Conlon
We use a variant of Bukh's random algebraic method to show that for every natural number there exists a natural number such that, for every , there is a graph…
A sequence of triangle-free pseudorandom graphs
David Conlon
A construction of Alon yields a sequence of highly pseudorandom triangle-free graphs with edge density significantly higher than one might expect from comparison with random graphs…
Extremal results in sparse pseudorandom graphs
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yufei Zhao
Szemerédi's regularity lemma is a fundamental tool in extremal combinatorics. However, the original version is only helpful in studying dense graphs. In the 1990s, Kohayakawa and…
Ramsey-type results for semi-algebraic relations
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, János Pach +2
A k-ary semi-algebraic relation E on R^d is a subset of R^{kd}, the set of k-tuples of points in R^d, which is determined by a finite number of polynomial equations and inequalitie…
Two counterexamples to a conjecture about even cycles
David Conlon, Eion Mulrenin, Cosmin Pohoata
A conjecture of Verstraëte states that for any fixed there exists a positive constant such that any -free graph contains a -free subgraph wit…
A question of ErdÅs and Graham on Egyptian fractions
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Xiaoyu He +4
Answering a question of ErdÅs and Graham, we show that for each fixed positive rational number the number of ways to write as a sum of reciprocals of distinct positive int…
Short proofs of some extremal results III
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We prove a selection of results from different areas of extremal combinatorics, including complete or partial solutions to a number of open problems. These results, coming mainly f…
Some remarks on the Zarankiewicz problem
David Conlon
The Zarankiewicz problem asks for an estimate on , the largest number of 's in an matrix with all entries or containing no subma…
Intervals in the Hales-Jewett theorem
David Conlon, Nina Kamcev
The Hales-Jewett theorem states that for any and there exists an such that any -colouring of the elements of contains a monochromatic combinatorial line. We…
The ErdÅs-Gyárfás problem on generalized Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Choongbum Lee +1
Fix positive integers and with . An edge-coloring of the complete graph is said to be a -coloring if every receives at leas…
Quasirandom Cayley graphs
David Conlon, Yufei Zhao
We prove that the properties of having small discrepancy and having small second eigenvalue are equivalent in Cayley graphs, extending a result of Kohayakawa, Rödl, and Schacht, w…
Tower-type bounds for unavoidable patterns in words
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
A word is said to contain the pattern if there is a way to substitute a nonempty word for each letter in so that the resulting word is a subword of . Bean, Ehrenfeuc…
Hypergraph Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
The Ramsey number r_k(s,n) is the minimum N such that every red-blue coloring of the k-tuples of an N-element set contains either a red set of size s or a blue set of size n, where…
Recent developments in graph Ramsey theory
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
Given a graph , the Ramsey number is the smallest natural number such that any two-colouring of the edges of contains a monochromatic copy of . The existence…
Ramsey numbers of cubes versus cliques
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Choongbum Lee +1
The cube graph Q_n is the skeleton of the n-dimensional cube. It is an n-regular graph on 2^n vertices. The Ramsey number r(Q_n, K_s) is the minimum N such that every graph of orde…
Non-spherical sets versus lines in Euclidean Ramsey theory
David Conlon, Jakob Führer
We show that for every non-spherical set in , there exists a natural number and a red/blue-colouring of for every such that there is no red…
Sums of algebraic dilates
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
We show that if are algebraic numbers, then for all finite subsets of , w…
Domination inequalities and dominating graphs
David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee
We say that a graph dominates another graph if the number of homomorphisms from to any graph is dominated, in an appropriate sense, by the number of homomorphisms…
Repeated patterns in proper colourings
David Conlon, Mykhaylo Tyomkyn
For a fixed graph , what is the smallest number of colours such that there is a proper edge-colouring of the complete graph with colours containing no two vertex-d…
Simplicial Turán problems
David Conlon, Simón Piga, Bjarne Schülke
A simplicial complex consists of a pair of sets where is a set of vertices and is a collection of subsets of closed under taking subs…
On-line Ramsey numbers
David Conlon
Consider the following game between two players, Builder and Painter. Builder draws edges one at a time and Painter colours them, in either red or blue, as each appears. Builder's…
Fixing a hole
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
We show that any finite in general position has arbitrarily large supersets in general position with the property that contains no empt…
A New Upper Bound for Diagonal Ramsey Numbers
David Conlon
We prove a new upper bound for diagonal two-colour Ramsey numbers, showing that there exists a constant such that \[r(k+1, k+1) \leq k^{- C \frac{\log k}{\log \log k}} \binom{2…
Combinatorial theorems relative to sparse sets
David Conlon
A key theme in modern extremal combinatorics is the study of classical combinatorial theorems relative to sparse subsets of their natural settings. Here we describe some of the rec…
The upper logarithmic density of monochromatic subset sums
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham
We show that in any two-coloring of the positive integers there is a color for which the set of positive integers that can be represented as a sum of distinct elements with this co…
Graph removal lemmas
David Conlon, Jacob Fox
The graph removal lemma states that any graph on n vertices with o(n^{v(H)}) copies of a fixed graph H may be made H-free by removing o(n^2) edges. Despite its innocent appearance,…
Large almost monochromatic subsets in hypergraphs
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We show that for all and there is a constant such that every -coloring of the triples of an -element set contains a subset of size $c\sq…
Set-coloring Ramsey numbers via codes
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Xiaoyu He +3
For positive integers with , the set-coloring Ramsey number is the minimum such that if every edge of the complete graph receives a set of c…
Random multilinear maps and the ErdÅs box problem
David Conlon, Cosmin Pohoata, Dmitriy Zakharov
By using random multilinear maps, we provide new lower bounds for the ErdÅs box problem, the problem of estimating the extremal number of the complete -partite -uniform hype…
Threshold Ramsey multiplicity for paths and even cycles
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov +1
The Ramsey number of a graph is the minimum integer such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph contains a monochromatic copy of . While t…
Distinct volume subsets
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, William Gasarch +3
Suppose that and are positive integers with . Let be the largest integer such that any set of points in contains a subset of $…
Hedgehogs are not colour blind
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, VojtÄch Rödl
We exhibit a family of -uniform hypergraphs with the property that their -colour Ramsey numbers grow polynomially in the number of vertices, while their -colour Ramsey num…
Around the positive graph conjecture
David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee, Leo Versteegen
A graph is said to be positive if the homomorphism density is non-negative for all weighted graphs . The positive graph conjecture proposes a characterisation of su…
Independent arithmetic progressions
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We show that there is a positive constant such that any graph on vertex set with at most edges contains an independent set of order whose vertices…
Finite reflection groups and graph norms
David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee
Given a graph on vertex set and a function , define \begin{align*} \|f\|_{H}:=\left\vert\int \prod_{ij\in E(H)}f(x_i,x_j)d…
Linear forms from the Gowers uniformity norm
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yufei Zhao
This is a companion note to our paper 'A relative Szemerédi theorem', elaborating on a concluding remark. In that paper, we showed how to prove a relative Szemerédi theorem for $…
Ramsey numbers of trails and circuits
David Conlon, Mykhaylo Tyomkyn
We show that every two-colouring of the edges of the complete graph contains a monochromatic trail or circuit of length at least , which is asymptotically bes…
An extremal theorem in the hypercube
David Conlon
The hypercube Q_n is the graph whose vertex set is {0,1}^n and where two vertices are adjacent if they differ in exactly one coordinate. For any subgraph H of the cube, let ex(Q_n,…
Sidorenko's conjecture for blow-ups
David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee
A celebrated conjecture of Sidorenko and ErdÅs-Simonovits states that, for all bipartite graphs , quasirandom graphs contain asymptotically the minimum number of copies of …
The regularity method for graphs with few 4-cycles
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov +1
We develop a sparse graph regularity method that applies to graphs with few 4-cycles, including new counting and removal lemmas for 5-cycles in such graphs. Some applications inclu…
Short proofs of some extremal results
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We prove several results from different areas of extremal combinatorics, giving complete or partial solutions to a number of open problems. These results, coming from areas such as…
Simultaneous popular polynomial differences over finite fields
David Conlon, Dingding Dong, Guo-Dong Hong
Green's popular difference theorem says that for every \(\varepsilon>0\), all sufficiently large primes \(p\), and every set \(A\subseteq\mathbb F_p\) of density \(α\), there exis…
Almost-spanning universality in random graphs
David Conlon, Asaf Ferber, Rajko Nenadov +1
A graph is said to be -universal if it contains every graph on vertices with maximum degree at most . It is known that for any and a…
On the Ramsey multiplicity of complete graphs
David Conlon
We show that, for large, there must exist at least \[\frac{n^t}{C^{(1+o(1))t^2}}\] monochromatic s in any two-colouring of the edges of , where is an…
Sums of transcendental dilates
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
We show that there is an absolute constant such that for any finite subset of and any transcendental number $λ\i…
Ramsey games near the critical threshold
David Conlon, Shagnik Das, Joonkyung Lee +1
A well-known result of Rödl and RuciÅski states that for any graph there exists a constant such that if , then the random graph is a.a.…
The Green-Tao theorem: an exposition
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yufei Zhao
The celebrated Green-Tao theorem states that the prime numbers contain arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. We give an exposition of the proof, incorporating several simplific…
Bounds for graph regularity and removal lemmas
David Conlon, Jacob Fox
We show, for any positive integer k, that there exists a graph in which any equitable partition of its vertices into k parts has at least ck^2/\log^* k pairs of parts which are not…
Monochromatic components with many edges
David Conlon, Sammy Luo, Mykhaylo Tyomkyn
Given an -edge-coloring of the complete graph , what is the largest number of edges in a monochromatic connected component? This natural question has only recently received…
On norming systems of linear equations
Seokjoon Cho, David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee +2
A system of linear equations is said to be norming if a natural functional giving a weighted count for the set of solutions to the system can be used to define a n…
Rational exponents near two
David Conlon, Oliver Janzer
A longstanding conjecture of ErdÅs and Simonovits states that for every rational between and there is a graph such that the largest number of edges in an -free…
Sums of linear transformations
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
We show that if and are linear transformations from to satisfying certain mild conditions, then, for any finite subset…
Homogeneous structures in subset sums and non-averaging sets
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham
We show that for every positive integer there are positive constants and such that if is a subset of of size at least , then, for so…
On the size-Ramsey number of grids
David Conlon, Rajko Nenadov, MiloÅ¡ TrujiÄ
We show that the size-Ramsey number of the grid graph is , improving a previous bound of by Clemens, Miralaei, Reding, Schac…
The Ramsey number of dense graphs
David Conlon
The Ramsey number r(H) of a graph H is the smallest number n such that, in any two-colouring of the edges of K_n, there is a monochromatic copy of H. We study the Ramsey number of…
Ramsey numbers of sparse hypergraphs
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
We give a short proof that any k-uniform hypergraph H on n vertices with bounded degree Îhas Ramsey number at most c(Î, k)n, for an appropriate constant c(Î, k). This result was…
On the grid Ramsey problem and related questions
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Choongbum Lee +1
The Hales--Jewett theorem is one of the pillars of Ramsey theory, from which many other results follow. A celebrated theorem of Shelah says that Hales--Jewett numbers are primitive…
The size-Ramsey number of cubic graphs
David Conlon, Rajko Nenadov, MiloÅ¡ TrujiÄ
We show that the size-Ramsey number of any cubic graph with vertices is , improving a bound of due to Kohayakawa, Rödl, Schacht, and Szemerédi. T…
A note on induced Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Domingos Dellamonica, Steven La Fleur +2
The induced Ramsey number of a -uniform hypergraph is the smallest natural number for which there exists a -uniform hypergraph on vertic…
Combinatorial theorems relative to a random set
David Conlon
We describe recent advances in the study of random analogues of combinatorial theorems.
An improved bound for the stepping-up lemma
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
The partition relation N \to (n)_{\ell}^k means that whenever the k-tuples of an N-element set are \ell-colored, there is a monochromatic set of size n, where a set is called monoc…
Books versus triangles at the extremal density
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
A celebrated result of Mantel shows that every graph on vertices with edges must contain a triangle. A robust version of this result, due to Rademac…
Lower bounds for multicolor Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Asaf Ferber
We give an exponential improvement to the lower bound on diagonal Ramsey numbers for any fixed number of colors greater than two.
Three early problems on size Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yuval Wigderson
The size Ramsey number of a graph is defined as the minimum number of edges in a graph such that there is a monochromatic copy of in every two-coloring of . The s…
Threshold Ramsey multiplicity for odd cycles
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov +1
The Ramsey number of a graph is the minimum such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph contains a monochromatic copy of . The threshold R…
On the extremal number of subdivisions
David Conlon, Joonkyung Lee
One of the cornerstones of extremal graph theory is a result of Füredi, later reproved and given due prominence by Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov, saying that if is a bipartite…
More on lines in Euclidean Ramsey theory
David Conlon, Yu-Han Wu
Let be a sequence of points on a line with consecutive points at distance one. Answering a question raised by Fox and the first author and independently by Arman and T…
A New Bound for the Brown--ErdÅs--Sós Problem
David Conlon, Lior Gishboliner, Yevgeny Levanzov +1
Let denote the maximum number of edges in a -uniform hypergraph not containing edges spanned by at most vertices. One of the most influential open problems in…
Rational exponents in extremal graph theory
Boris Bukh, David Conlon
Given a family of graphs , the extremal number is the largest for which there exists a graph with vertices and edges containi…
Hypergraph Ramsey numbers of cliques versus stars
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Xiaoyu He +3
Let denote the complete -uniform hypergraph on vertices and the -uniform hypergraph on vertices consisting of all edges incid…
Some advances on Sidorenko's conjecture
David Conlon, Jeong Han Kim, Choongbum Lee +1
A bipartite graph is said to have Sidorenko's property if the probability that the uniform random mapping from to the vertex set of any graph is a homomorphism is at…
Off-diagonal book Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yuval Wigderson
The book graph consists of copies of joined along a common . In the prequel to this paper, we studied the diagonal Ramsey number $r(B_n^{(k)}, B_n^{(…
Ramsey numbers of books and quasirandomness
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Yuval Wigderson
The book graph consists of copies of joined along a common . The Ramsey numbers of are known to have strong connections to the classical…
An approximate version of Sidorenko's conjecture
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Benny Sudakov
A beautiful conjecture of ErdÅs-Simonovits and Sidorenko states that if H is a bipartite graph, then the random graph with edge density p has in expectation asymptotically the min…
Difference sets in
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
Let be a natural number. We show that for any sufficiently large finite subset of that…
Extremal numbers of cycles revisited
David Conlon
We give a simple geometric interpretation of an algebraic construction of Wenger that yields -vertex graphs with no cycle of length , or and close to the maximum num…
Hypergraph expanders from Cayley graphs
David Conlon
We present a simple mechanism, which can be randomised, for constructing sparse -uniform hypergraphs with strong expansion properties. These hypergraphs are constructed using Ca…
Lines in Euclidean Ramsey theory
David Conlon, Jacob Fox
Let be a sequence of points on a line with consecutive points of distance one. For every natural number , we prove the existence of a red/blue-coloring of $\mathbb{…
Ordered Ramsey numbers
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Choongbum Lee +1
Given a labeled graph with vertex set , the ordered Ramsey number is the minimum such that every two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph…
Everywhere unbalanced configurations
David Conlon, Jeck Lim
An old problem in discrete geometry, originating with Kupitz, asks whether there is a fixed natural number such that every finite set of points in the plane has a line through…
Even cycles in graphs avoiding longer even cycles
David Conlon, Eion Mulrenin, Cosmin Pohoata
A conjecture of Verstraëte states that for any fixed there exists a positive constant such that any -free graph contains a -free subgraph wit…
Hypergraph cuts above the average
David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Matthew Kwan +1
An r-cut of a k-uniform hypergraph H is a partition of the vertex set of H into r parts and the size of the cut is the number of edges which have a vertex in each part. A classical…