papers

Publications (18)

eess.SP2020

Phase-Only Beam Broadening of Contiguous Uniform Subarrayed Arrays Utilizing Three Metaheuristic Global Optimization Techniques

Barry Daniel, Carl Edwards, Adam Anderson

Radar beam broadening provides continuous coverage of a wider angular extent. While many methods have been published that address beam broadening of traditional (nonsubarrayed) arr…

cs.CL2024

L+M-24: Building a Dataset for Language + Molecules @ ACL 2024

Carl Edwards, Qingyun Wang, Lawrence Zhao +1

Language-molecule models have emerged as an exciting direction for molecular discovery and understanding. However, training these models is challenging due to the scarcity of molec…

cs.CL2026

DC-W2S: Dual-Consensus Weak-to-Strong Training for Reliable Process Reward Modeling in Biological Reasoning

Chi-Min Chan, Ehsan Hajiramezanali, Xiner Li +6

In scientific reasoning tasks, the veracity of the reasoning process is as critical as the final outcome. While Process Reward Models (PRMs) offer a solution to the coarse-grained…

cs.LG2024

GLaD: Synergizing Molecular Graphs and Language Descriptors for Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency Prediction in Organic Photovoltaic Devices

Thao Nguyen, Tiara Torres-Flores, Changhyun Hwang +3

This paper presents a novel approach for predicting Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) devices, called GLaD: synergizing molecular Graphs and Language…

cs.AI2024

Geometry Informed Tokenization of Molecules for Language Model Generation

Xiner Li, Limei Wang, Youzhi Luo +5

We consider molecule generation in 3D space using language models (LMs), which requires discrete tokenization of 3D molecular geometries. Although tokenization of molecular graphs…

cs.AI2023

Monte Carlo Thought Search: Large Language Model Querying for Complex Scientific Reasoning in Catalyst Design

Henry W. Sprueill, Carl Edwards, Mariefel V. Olarte +3

Discovering novel catalysts requires complex reasoning involving multiple chemical properties and resultant trade-offs, leading to a combinatorial growth in the search space. While…

cs.LG2025

Invariant Tokenization of Crystalline Materials for Language Model Enabled Generation

Keqiang Yan, Xiner Li, Hongyi Ling +8

We consider the problem of crystal materials generation using language models (LMs). A key step is to convert 3D crystal structures into 1D sequences to be processed by LMs. Prior…

cs.LG2024

Class-based Subset Selection for Transfer Learning under Extreme Label Shift

Akul Goyal, Carl Edwards

Existing work within transfer learning often follows a two-step process -- pre-training over a large-scale source domain and then finetuning over limited samples from the target do…

cs.LG2025

Artificial Intelligence for Science in Quantum, Atomistic, and Continuum Systems

Xuan Zhang, Limei Wang, Jacob Helwig +60

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are fueling a new paradigm of discoveries in natural sciences. Today, AI has started to advance natural sciences by improving, accelerating…

cs.AI2026

mCLM: A Modular Chemical Language Model that Generates Functional and Makeable Molecules

Carl Edwards, Chi Han, Gawon Lee +11

Despite their ability to understand chemical knowledge, large language models (LLMs) remain limited in their capacity to propose novel molecules with desired functions (e.g., drug-…

physics.chem-ph2024

ChemReasoner: Heuristic Search over a Large Language Model's Knowledge Space using Quantum-Chemical Feedback

Henry W. Sprueill, Carl Edwards, Khushbu Agarwal +6

The discovery of new catalysts is essential for the design of new and more efficient chemical processes in order to transition to a sustainable future. We introduce an AI-guided co…

cs.CL2022

Semi-supervised New Event Type Induction and Description via Contrastive Loss-Enforced Batch Attention

Carl Edwards, Heng Ji

Most event extraction methods have traditionally relied on an annotated set of event types. However, creating event ontologies and annotating supervised training data are expensive…

cs.AI2026

oMeBench: Towards Robust Benchmarking of LLMs in Organic Mechanism Elucidation and Reasoning

Ruiling Xu, Yifan Zhang, Qingyun Wang +2

Organic reaction mechanisms are the stepwise elementary reactions by which reactants form intermediates and products, and are fundamental to understanding chemical reactivity and d…

cs.CL2023

Defining a New NLP Playground

Sha Li, Chi Han, Pengfei Yu +8

The recent explosion of performance of large language models (LLMs) has changed the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) more abruptly and seismically than any other shift in…

cs.CL2024

MolCap-Arena: A Comprehensive Captioning Benchmark on Language-Enhanced Molecular Property Prediction

Carl Edwards, Ziqing Lu, Ehsan Hajiramezanali +3

Bridging biomolecular modeling with natural language information, particularly through large language models (LLMs), has recently emerged as a promising interdisciplinary research…

cs.AI2023

SynerGPT: In-Context Learning for Personalized Drug Synergy Prediction and Drug Design

Carl Edwards, Aakanksha Naik, Tushar Khot +3

Predicting synergistic drug combinations can help accelerate discovery of cancer treatments, particularly therapies personalized to a patient's specific tumor via biopsied cells. I…

cs.CL2022

Translation between Molecules and Natural Language

Carl Edwards, Tuan Lai, Kevin Ros +3

We present a self-supervised learning framework for pretraining models on a vast amount of unlabeled natural language text and molecule strings. $\textbf{MolT5…

cs.LG2026

AssayBench: An Assay-Level Virtual Cell Benchmark for LLMs and Agents

Edward De Brouwer, Carl Edwards, Alexander Wu +9

Recent advances in machine learning and large-scale biological data collections have revived the prospect of building a virtual cell, a computational model of cellular behavior tha…