Avraham Gal

Neutrino signals in electron-capture storage-ring experiments

Avraham Gal

Neutrino signals in electron-capture decays of hydrogen-like parent ions P in storage-ring experiments at GSI are reconsidered, with special emphasis placed on the storage-ring qua…

nucl-th2009

Overview of Kbar-N and Kbar-nucleus dynamics

Avraham Gal

The main features of coupled-channel Kbar-N dynamics near threshold and its repercussions in few-body Kbar-nuclear systems are briefly reviewed highlighting the I=1/2 Kbar-N-N syst…

nucl-th2007

Overview of Antikaon-Nuclear Theory and Phenomenology

Avraham Gal

Experimental evidence for antikaon-nuclear quasibound states is briefly reviewed. Theoretical and phenomenological arguments for and against deep antikaon-nucleus potentials which…

hep-ph2019

A diquark model for the d*(2380) dibaryon resonance?

Avraham Gal, Marek Karliner

Diquark models have been applied with varying degree of success to tetraquark and pentaquark states involving both light and heavy quark degrees of freedom. We discuss the applicab…

nucl-th2006

Overview of Antikaon-Nuclear Quasi-Bound States

Avraham Gal

Experimental evidence for antikaon-nuclear quasi-bound states is briefly reviewed. Theoretical and phenomenological arguments for and against the existence of such states are consi…

B $_{I^} $ ( $_{I^}^{5} $ He) from short range effective field theory

Lorenzo Contessi, Nir Barnea, Avraham Gal

We present an effective field theory (EFT) at leading order to describe light single- $I^$ hypernuclei. Owing to the weak $I^$ binding and to the $I^ N$ short interaction range, meso…

nucl-th2001

Phenomenology of kaonic atoms and other strange hadronic atoms

Avraham Gal

Recent optical-potential studies of the phenomenology of kaonic atoms are reviewed. It is shown that the data can be fitted by a complex optical potential with either a relatively…

MESON2016 -- Concluding Remarks

Avraham Gal

Several topics presented and discussed at MESON2016 are highlighted, including pentaquarks, dibaryons and meson-nuclear bound states.

Charge symmetry breaking in $I^$ hypernuclei: updated HYP 2015 progress report

Avraham Gal

Ongoing progress in understanding and evaluating charge symmetry breaking in $I^$ hypernuclei is discussed in connection to recent measurements of the $_Î^{4}{\rm H}(0^+_{\rm g.s.…

Is there a bound Lambda-n-n ?

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

The HypHI Collaboration at GSI argued recently for a (Lambda-n-n) bound state from the observation of its two-body (t + pi-) weak-decay mode. We derive constraints from several hyp…

The $d^{*}$ (2380) dibaryon resonance width and decay branching ratios

Avraham Gal

Attempts to reproduce theoretically the relatively small width, $I^_{d^{*}} = 80 \pm 10$ MeV, of the $I (J^{P}) = 0 (3^{+})$ $d^{*}$ (2380) dibaryon resonance established by the WASA-at-…

nucl-th2009

pi^- decay rates of p-shell hypernuclei revisited

Avraham Gal

Explicit expressions for the parity-violating s-wave and the parity-conserving p-wave contributions to pi- weak-decay rates of Lambda hypernuclei in the 1p shell are given in the w…

nucl-th2018

Resolving the $I^$ hypernuclear overbinding problem in pionless effective field theory

Lorenzo Contessi, Nir Barnea, Avraham Gal

We address the $I^$ -hypernuclear `overbinding problem' in light hypernuclei which stands for a 1--3 MeV excessive $I^$ separation energy calculated in $_{I^} ^{5}$ He. This problem arise…

Compatibility of recent $S = - 2$ emulsion events

Avraham Gal

We question the compatibility of recent $S = - 2$ hypernuclear assignments of J-PARC E07 $I^^{-}$ -capture emulsion events with assignments deduced from other experiments.

nucl-th2008

On the magic of transforming antikaonic nuclear broad quasibound states into narrow intrinsic decaying states

Ales Cieply, Avraham Gal

Comments are made on Akaishi, Myint and Yamazaki's interpretation of antikaonic quasibound nuclear states as generalized Kapur-Peierls decaying states [arXiv:0805.4382]. We argue t…

Recent progress on hypernuclei

Avraham Gal

Some of last year's progress made in hypernuclear physics is reviewed as follows: (i) resolving the $_{I^} ^{5}$ He overbinding problem in single- $I^$ hypernuclei [1]; (ii) arguing that…

Neutron-rich hypernuclei: Lambda-6H and beyond

Avraham Gal, John Millener

Recent experimental evidence presented by the FINUDA Collaboration for a particle-stable Lambda-6H has stirred renewed interest in charting domains of particle-stable neutron-rich…

nucl-th2018

$I^^{*} (1405)$ -matter: stable or unstable?

Jaroslava HrtÃ¡nkovÃ¡, Nir Barnea, Eliahu Friedman +3

A recent suggestion [PLB 774 (2017) 522] that purely- $I^^{*} (1405)$ nuclei provide the absolute minimum energy in charge-neutral baryon matter for baryon-number $A ≳ 8$ , is…

Neutrino effects in two-body electron-capture measurements at GSI

Avraham Gal

Oscillatory behavior of electron capture rates in the two-body decay of hydrogen-like ions into recoil ions plus undetected neutrinos, with a period of approximately 7 s, was repor…

Meson assisted dibaryons

Avraham Gal

We discuss a new type of L=0 positive-parity dibaryons, pion-B-B', where the dominant binding mechanism is provided by resonating p-wave pion-baryon interactions. Recent calculatio…

Recent studies of kaonic atoms and nuclear clusters

Avraham Gal

Recent studies of kaonic atoms, few-body kaonic quasibound states and kaonic nuclei are reviewed, with emphasis on implementing the subthreshold energy dependence of the Kbar-N int…

Comment on a recent attempt to explain the `GSI anomaly' by initial-state e.m. spin-rotation coupling

Avraham Gal

A recently proposed solution of the `GSI anomaly' by spin precession of the decaying heavy ions in the magnetic field that controls their circular motion at the GSI storage ring [G…

Neutrino magnetic moment effects in electron-capture measurements at GSI

Avraham Gal

I conjecture that the time modulated decay rates reported in single ion measurements of two body electron capture decay of hydrogen like heavy ions at GSI may be related to neutrin…

nucl-th2024

Deciphering $I^^{-}$ capture events in light emulsion nuclei

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal

We recently showed that all five KEK and J-PARC uniquely assigned two-body $I^^{-}$ + $^{A}$ Z $\to_{I^} ^{A^{'}}$ Z'+ $_{I^} ^{A^{''}}$ Z'' capture events in CNO light emulsion nuclei are consiste…

Comment on recent Strangeness -2 predictions

Avraham Gal

It is pointed out that the Chiral Constituent Quark Model (CCQM) interactions that bind the H dibaryon and Lambda-Lambda-3H overbind Lambda-Lambda-6He by more than 4 MeV, thus outd…

Three-body calculation of the Delta-Delta dibaryon candidate D(03) at 2.37 GeV

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

The D(03) dibaryon is generated dynamically as a resonance pole in a pion-nucleon-Delta' three-body model, where Delta' is a stable Delta baryon. Using separable interactions domin…

hep-ex2016

Project X: Physics Opportunities

Andreas S. Kronfeld, Robert S. Tschirhart, Usama Al-Binni +133

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project…

nucl-th2018

Structure and Width of the d*(2380) Dibaryon

Avraham Gal

In this contribution, dedicated to the memory of Walter Greiner, we discuss the structure and width of the recently established d*(2380) dibaryon, confronting the consequences of o…

Questioning MAMI's recent determination of $B_{I^} (_{I^} ^{3} H)$

Avraham Gal

A recent report on $^{7} Li (e, e^{'} K^{+})$ electroproduction runs by the A1 collaboration at the Mainz Microtron (MAMI) assigns a sharp pion-momentum line at $p_{Ï^-}\approx 113.8…

nucl-th2006

$K ˉ$ -Nuclear Deeply Bound States?

Avraham Gal

Following the prediction by Akaishi and Yamazaki of relatively narrow $K ˉ$ -nuclear states, deeply bound by over 100 MeV where the main decay channel $K ˉ N \to I ¨ I^£$ is clos…

nucl-th2020

Extracting $I ¨ _{I ¨ N}$ from pionic atoms

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal

We discuss a recent extraction of the $I ¨ N$ $I ¨ $ term $I ¨ _{I ¨ N}$ from a large-scale fit of pionic-atom strong-interaction data across the periodic table. The value thus derived, $Ï…

The d*(2380) and its family of pion assisted dibaryons

Avraham Gal

The status of $N I^$ and $I^ I^$ dibaryons introduced by Dyson and Xuong in 1964 is briefly reviewed with focus on the d*(2380), tentatively assigned as a $I^ I^$ dibaryon resonance.…

Towards resolving the $_{I^} ^{3}$ H lifetime puzzle

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

Recent $_{I^} ^{3}$ H lifetime measurements in relativistic heavy ion collision experiments have yielded values shorter by (30 $\pm$ 8)% than the free $I^$ lifetime $I ¨ _{I^} $ , thereby questi…

physics.ed-ph2001

Introducing Time Dependence into the Static Maxwell Equations

Avraham Gal

Using to a minimum extent special relativity input, and relying on the Lorentz-force expression for the force acting on a charged particle in motion under the influence of electric…

nucl-th2012

Coupled channel Faddeev calculations of a (Kbar-N-pi) quasibound state

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

The (Kbar-N-pi) system is studied using separable interactions fitted to data available on the s-wave (Kbar-N)--(pi-Y) subsystem and the p-wave (pi-N),(pi-Y),(pi-pi) and (pi-Kbar)…

Old and New in Strangeness Nuclear Physics

Avraham Gal

Several persistent problems in strangeness nuclear physics are discussed in this opening talk at HYP2018, Portsmouth-Norfolk VA, June 2018: (i) the $_{I^}^{3} $ H and $_{I^}^{3} $ n (if existi…

Coupled channels calculation of a pion-Lambda-nucleon quasibound state

Humberto Garcilazo, Avraham Gal

We extend the study of a JP=2+, I=3/2 pion-Lambda-nucleon quasibound state [Phys. Rev. D 78, 014013 (2008)] by solving nonrelativistic Faddeev equations, using 3S1-3D1, Lambda N -…

nucl-th2020

From $K ˉ N$ Interactions to $K ˉ$ -Nuclear Quasi-Bound States

AleÅ¡ CieplÃ½, Jaroslava HrtÃ¡nkovÃ¡, JiÅÃ MareÅ¡ +3

We review the current status of our study of $K^{-}$ -nuclear interactions and $K^{-}$ -nuclear quasi-bound states. The adopted $K^{-}$ -nuclear optical potential consists of two parts -- t…

nucl-th2015

Comment on "Lattice determination of $I^£$ - $I^$ mixing"

Avraham Gal

A recent lattice QCD (LQCD) calculation of $I^£$ - $I^$ mixing by the QCDSF-UKQCD Collaboration [Phys. Rev. D 91, 074512 (2015)] finds a mixing angle about half of that found from the…

Strangeness nuclear physics - 2010

Avraham Gal

Selected topics in Strangeness Nuclear Physics are reviewed: Lambda hypernuclear spectroscopy and structure, multistrangeness, and Kbar mesons in nuclei

nucl-th2022

$I^$ -nuclear constraints from $I^^{-}$ emulsion capture events

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal

All five KEK and J-PARC two-body $I^^{-}$ + $^{A}$ Z $\to$ $_{I^}^{A^{'}} $ Z'+ $_{I^}^{A^{''}} $ Z'' capture events in light emulsion nuclei, including KISO and IBUKI in $^{14}$ N, are consistent with C…

Charge symmetry breaking in light $I^$ hypernuclei

Avraham Gal, Daniel Gazda

Charge symmetry breaking (CSB) is particularly strong in the A=4 mirror hypernuclei $_{I^} ^{4}$ H-- $_{I^} ^{4}$ He. Recent four-body no-core shell model calculations that confront this CSB by…

Relativistic three-body calculations of a Y=1, I=3/2, JP=2+ pi-Lambda-N -- pi-Sigma-N dibaryon

Humberto Garcilazo, Avraham Gal

The pi-Lambda-N - pi-Sigma-N coupled-channel system with quantum numbers (Y,I,JP) = (1,3/2,2+) is studied in a relativistic three-body model, using two-body separable interactions…

Studies of mesic atoms and nuclei

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal, AleÅ¡ CieplÃ½ +2

$K^{-}$ mesons offer a unique setting where mesic atoms have been studied both experimentally and theoretically, thereby placing constraints on the possible existence and properties…

hep-ph2008

Is there a pion-Lambda-nucleon bound state?

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

We have searched for bound states in the pion-Lambda-nucleon system by solving the nonrelativistic Faddeev equations, as well as a relativistic version, with input separable pion-n…

Ab-initio calculations of charge symmetry breaking in the A=4 hypernuclei

Daniel Gazda, Avraham Gal

We report on ab-initio NCSM calculations of the A=4 mirror Lambda hypernuclei Lambda-4H and Lambda-4He, using the Bonn-Juelich LO chiral EFT YN potentials plus a CSB Lambda0--Sigma…

nucl-th2024

Hypernuclear constraints on the existence and lifetime of a deeply bound $H$ dibaryon

Avraham Gal

We study to what extent the unique observation of $I^ I^$ hypernuclei by their weak decay into known $I^$ hypernuclei, with lifetimes of order 10 $^{- 10}$ s, rules out the existence…

In-medium antikaon interactions and bound states

Avraham Gal, Eli Friedman, Nir Barnea +3

Correct treatment of subthreshold Kbar-N dynamics is mandatory in kaonic-atom and Kbar-nuclear bound-state calculations, as demonstrated by using in-medium chirally-based models of…

Antikaon-nucleus dynamics: from quasibound states to kaon condensation

Avraham Gal

Coupled-channel Kbar-N dynamics near threshold and its repercussions in few-body Kbar-nuclear systems are briefly reviewed, highlighting studies of a K^-pp quasibound state. In hea…

nucl-th2024

$I^ N N$ input to neutron stars from hypernuclear data

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal

This work is a sequel to our two 2023 publications [PLB 837 137669, NPA 1039 122725] where fitting 14 1 $s_{I^} $ and 1 $p_{I^} $ single-particle binding energies in hypernuclei across the…

nucl-th2006

On the scattering length of the K^- d system

Avraham Gal

Multiple-scattering approximations to Faddeev calculations of the K^- d scattering length are reviewed and compared with published Kbar-N-N <--> pi-Y-N fully reactive Faddeev calcu…

Charge symmetry breaking in the A=4 hypernuclei

Daniel Gazda, Avraham Gal

Charge symmetry breaking (CSB) in the $I^$ -nucleon strong interaction generates a charge dependence of $I^$ separation energies in mirror hypernuclei, which in the case of the $A=4…

physics.hist-ph2016

The scientific heritage of Richard Henry Dalitz, FRS (1925-2006)

Ian J. R. Aitchison, Frank E. Close, Avraham Gal +1

Professor Richard H. Dalitz passed away on January 13, 2006. He was almost 81 years old and his outstanding contributions are intimately connected to some of the major breakthrough…

physics.hist-ph2026

In Memoriam: Igal Talmi (1925-2026)

Amiram Leviatan, Avraham Gal

A brief obituary of Igal Talmi (1925-2026) focusing on his scientific heritage. Published in Nuclear Physics News 36 (2026) 39-40.

nucl-th2003

Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei and stranger systems

Avraham Gal

Recent experiments on production of Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei have renewed interest in extracting the Lambda-Lambda interaction from the few events identified since the inception o…

nucl-th2001

Physics of Antiproton Nuclear Interactions near Threshold

Avraham Gal

Antiproton-nucleus optical potentials fitted to $p ˉ$ -atom level shifts and widths are used to calculate the recently reported very low energy ( $p_{L} < 100$ MeV/c) $p ˉ$ cross…

Onset of $I^\cdot$ nuclear binding

Nir Barnea, Betzalel Bazak, Eliahu Friedman +4

Recent studies of $I^\cdot$ nuclear quasibound states by the Jerusalem-Prague Collaboration are reviewed, focusing on stochastic variational method self consistent calculations of $I^\cdot$ …

Pion-assisted Nucleon-Delta and Delta-Delta dibaryons

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

N-Delta and Delta-Delta dibaryon candidates are discussed and related quark-based calculations are reviewed. New hadronic calculations of L=0 nonstrange dibaryon candidates are rep…

nucl-th2022

Recent progress on few-body hypernuclei

Avraham Gal

Few-body $I^$ hypernuclei provide valuable information towards understanding strange matter. Recent experimental progress by the STAR Collaboration at the RHIC facility and by the…

Tribute to Tullio Bressani, Bogdan Povh and Toshimitsu Yamazaki

Avraham Gal

In this HYP2025 talk I pay tribute to Tullio Bressani (1940-2024), Bogdan Povh (1932-2024) and Toshimitsu Yamazaki (1934-2025), all of whom made lasting contributions to shaping up…

nucl-th2008

Hypernuclear physics legacy and heritage of Dick Dalitz

Avraham Gal

The major contributions of Richard H. Dalitz to hypernuclear physics, since his first paper in 1955 to his last one in 2005 covering a span of 50 years during which he founded and…

Three-body model calculations of Nucleon-Delta and Delta-Delta dibaryon resonances

Avraham Gal, Humberto Garcilazo

Three-body hadronic models with separable pairwise interactions are formulated and solved to calculate resonance masses and widths of L=0 N-Delta and Delta-Delta dibaryons using re…

In-medium antikaon and eta-meson interactions and bound states

Avraham Gal, Eli Friedman, Nir Barnea +3

The role played by subthreshold meson-baryon dynamics is demonstrated in kaonic-atom, Kbar-nuclear and eta-nuclear bound-state calculations within in-medium models of Kbar-N and et…

nucl-th2025

Tribute to Toshimitsu Yamazaki (1934-2025): Quest for Exotic Hadronic Matter

Avraham Gal

In this talk I pay tribute to Toshimitsu Yamazaki who died earlier this year. Yamazaki's leading contributions to Hadronic Physics, in particular to Strangeness Nuclear Physics in…

nucl-th2023

$I^ N N$ content of $I^$ -nucleus potential

Eliahu Friedman, Avraham Gal

A minimally constructed $I^$ -nucleus density-dependent optical potential is used to calculate binding energies of observed $1 s_{I^} $ , $1 p_{I^} $ states across the periodic table, leadin…

nucl-th2015

Charge symmetry breaking in $I^$ hypernuclei revisited

Avraham Gal

The large charge symmetry breaking (CSB) implied by the $I^$ binding energy difference $I^ B_{I^}^{4} (0_{g.s.}^{+}) \equiv B_{I^} (_{I^} ^{4}$ He) $-$ $B_{I^} (_{I^} ^{4}$ H) = 0.35 $\pm$ 0.06 MeV of the…