Publications (34)
Estimation and Tracking of AP-diameter of the Inferior Vena Cava in Ultrasound Images Using a Novel Active Circle Algorithm
Ebrahim Karami, Mohamed Shehata, Andrew Smith
Medical research suggests that the anterior-posterior (AP)-diameter of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and its associated temporal variation as imaged by bedside ultrasound is useful…
Search for Dark Matter Subhalos in the High-Energy Gamma-ray Band with Fermi and the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Daniel Nieto, Manel Errando, Lucy Fortson +6
We discuss the potential for the detection of dark matter and the characterization of its particle nature via the observation of dark matter subhalos. Specifically, we discuss the…
A Semi-Automated Technique for Internal Jugular Vein Segmentation in Ultrasound Images Using Active Contours
Ebrahim Karami, Mohamed Shehata, Peter McGuire +1
The assessment of the blood volume is crucial for the management of many acute and chronic diseases. Recent studies have shown that circulating blood volume correlates with the cro…
Readout and PID using AIML for SoLID High Background Cherenkov Detectors
Zhiwen Zhao, Bishnu Karki, Bo Yu +10
We present the development of readout electronics and artificial-intelligence-based particle-identification methods for the SoLID Cherenkov detectors at Jefferson Lab. To operate i…
Image Identification Using SIFT Algorithm: Performance Analysis against Different Image Deformations
Ebrahim Karami, Mohamed Shehata, Andrew Smith
Image identification is one of the most challenging tasks in different areas of computer vision. Scale-invariant feature transform is an algorithm to detect and describe local feat…
Energy Harvesting with a Liquid-Metal Microfluidic Influence Machine
Christopher Conner, Tim de Visser, Joshua Loessberg +6
We describe and demonstrate a new energy harvesting technology based on a microfluidic realization of a Wimshurst influence machine. The prototype device converts the mechanical en…
A stochastic household model for vector-borne diseases
Andrew Black, Andrew Smith, Alun Lloyd +1
We introduce a stochastic household model for vector-borne diseases, in particular as relevant to prominent vectors belonging to the Aedes genus and hence the Zika, chikungunya, an…
Towards contrast-agnostic soft segmentation of the spinal cord
Sandrine Bédard, Enamundram Naga Karthik, Charidimos Tsagkas +5
Spinal cord segmentation is clinically relevant and is notably used to compute spinal cord cross-sectional area (CSA) for the diagnosis and monitoring of cord compression or neurod…
Characterization of Multianode Photomultiplier Tubes for use in the CLAS12 RICH Detector
Pavel Degtiarenko, Andrey Kim, Valery Kubarovsky +3
We present results of the detailed study of several hundred Hamamatsu H12700 Multianode Photomultiplier Tubes (MaPMTs), characterizing their response to the Cherenkov light photons…
Injection locking of multiple auto-oscillation modes in a tapered nanowire spin Hall oscillator
Kai Wagner, Andrew Smith, Toni Hache +8
Spin Hall oscillators (SHO) are promising candidates for the generation, detection and amplification of high frequency signals, that are tunable through a wide range of operating f…
Adaptive Polar Active Contour for Segmentation and Tracking in Ultrasound Videos
Ebrahim Karami, Mohamed Shehata, Andrew Smith
Detection of relative changes in circulating blood volume is important to guide resuscitation and manage a variety of medical conditions including sepsis, trauma, dialysis and cong…
Automated Performance Assessment in Transoesophageal Echocardiography with Convolutional Neural Networks
Evangelos B. Mazomenos, Kamakshi Bansal, Bruce Martin +3
Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a valuable diagnostic and monitoring imaging modality. Proper image acquisition is essential for diagnosis, yet current assessment techni…
High-Capacity High-Power Thermal Energy Storage Using Solid-Solid Martensitic Transformations
Darin J. Sharar, Asher C. Leff, Adam A. Wilson +1
Adding thermal conductivity enhancements to increase thermal power in solid-liquid phase-change thermal energy storage modules compromises volumetric energy density and often times…
Monitoring morphometric drift in lifelong learning segmentation of the spinal cord
Enamundram Naga Karthik, Sandrine Bédard, Jan Valošek +53
Morphometric measures derived from spinal cord segmentations can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in neurological diseases and injuries affecting the spinal cord. Whil…
The Amazon Nova Family of Models: Technical Report and Model Card
Amazon AGI, Aaron Langford, Aayush Shah +783
We present Amazon Nova, a new generation of state-of-the-art foundation models that deliver frontier intelligence and industry-leading price performance. Amazon Nova Pro is a highl…
Parametric resonance of spin waves in ferromagnetic nanowires tuned by spin Hall torque
Liu Yang, Alejandro A. Jara, Zheng Duan +4
We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of parametric resonance of spin wave eigenmodes in NiFe/Pt bilayer nanowires. Using electrically detected magnet…
A Double Layered Water Cherenkov Detector Array for Gamma-Ray Astronomy
Samridha Kunwar, Hazal Goksu, Jim Hinton +4
Ground-level particle detection is now a well-established approach to TeV gamma-ray astronomy. Detection of Cherenkov light produced in water-filled detection units is a proven and…
Spin caloritronic nano-oscillator
Chris Safranski, Igor Barsukov, Han Kyu Lee +9
Energy loss due to ohmic heating is a major bottleneck limiting down-scaling and speed of nano-electronic devices, and harvesting ohmic heat for signal processing is a major challe…
A Survey on Latent Reasoning
Rui-Jie Zhu, Tianhao Peng, Tianhao Cheng +30
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, especially when guided by explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning that verbalizes intermediate s…
Nanowire Spin Torque Oscillator Driven by Spin Orbit Torques
Zheng Duan, Andrew Smith, Liu Yang +5
Spin torque from spin current applied to a nanoscale region of a ferromagnet can act as negative magnetic damping and thereby excite self-oscillations of its magnetization. In cont…
Enhancing Exoplanet Ephemerides by Leveraging Professional and Citizen Science Data: A Test Case with WASP-77A b
Federico R. Noguer, Suber Corley, Kyle A. Pearson +42
We present an updated ephemeris and physical parameters for the exoplanet WASP-77 A b. In this effort, we combine 64 ground- and space-based transit observations, 6 space-based ecl…
Scaling Latent Reasoning via Looped Language Models
Rui-Jie Zhu, Zixuan Wang, Kai Hua +30
Modern LLMs are trained to "think" primarily via explicit text generation, such as chain-of-thought (CoT), which defers reasoning to post-training and under-leverages pre-training…
Bridging Quantum and Classical Computing in Drug Design: Architecture Principles for Improved Molecule Generation
Andrew Smith, Erhan Guven
Hybrid quantum-classical machine learning offers a path to leverage noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices for drug discovery, but optimal model architectures remain uncle…
Verification of the Quantum Nonequilibrium Work Relation in the Presence of Decoherence
Andrew Smith, Yao Lu, Shuoming An +6
Although nonequilibrium work and fluctuation relations have been studied in detail within classical statistical physics, extending these results to open quantum systems has proven…
A solid approach to biopharmaceutical stabilisation
Aswin Doekhie, Rajeev Dattani, Yun-Chu Chen +8
Ensilication is a technology we developed that can physically stabilise proteins in silica without use of a pre-formed particle matrix. Stabilisation is done by tailor fitting indi…
Application of Machine Learning to Sleep Stage Classification
Andrew Smith, Hardik Anand, Snezana Milosavljevic +3
Sleep studies are imperative to recapitulate phenotypes associated with sleep loss and uncover mechanisms contributing to psychopathology. Most often, investigators manually classi…
Large Language Models as 'Hidden Persuaders': Fake Product Reviews are Indistinguishable to Humans and Machines
Weiyao Meng, John Harvey, James Goulding +6
Reading and evaluating product reviews is central to how most people decide what to buy and consume online. However, the recent emergence of Large Language Models and Generative Ar…
Dimensional crossover in spin Hall oscillators
Andrew Smith, Kemal Sobotkiewich, Amanatullah Khan +9
Auto-oscillations of magnetization driven by direct spin current have been previously observed in multiple quasi-zero-dimensional (0D) ferromagnetic systems such as nanomagnets and…
Easy-plane spin Hall oscillator
Eric Arturo Montoya, Amanatullah Khan, Christopher Safranski +2
Spin Hall oscillators (SHOs) based on bilayers of a ferromagnet (FM) and a non-magnetic heavy metal (HM) are electrically tunable nanoscale microwave signal generators. Achieving h…
Giant magnetoresistance amplifier for spin-orbit torque nano-oscillators
Jen-Ru Chen, Andrew Smith, Eric A. Montoya +2
Spin-orbit torque nano-oscillators based on bilayers of ferromagnetic (FM) and nonmagnetic (NM) metals are ultra-compact current-controlled microwave signal sources. They serve as…
Ultra-Resolution Cascaded Diffusion Model for Gigapixel Image Synthesis in Histopathology
Sarah Cechnicka, Hadrien Reynaud, James Ball +5
Diagnoses from histopathology images rely on information from both high and low resolutions of Whole Slide Images. Ultra-Resolution Cascaded Diffusion Models (URCDMs) allow for the…
Tracking of the Internal Jugular Vein in Ultrasound Images Using Optical Flow
Ebrahim Karami, Mohamed Shehata, Andrew Smith
Detection of relative changes in circulating blood volume is important to guide resuscitation and manage variety of medical conditions including sepsis, trauma, dialysis and conges…
Low-Force Elastocaloric Refrigeration via Bending
Darin J. Sharar, Joshua Radice, Ronald Warzoha +2
Elastocaloric cooling has been identified as a promising alternative to high global warming potential vapor compression cooling. Two key bottlenecks to adoption are the need for bu…
An investigation of lucky imaging techniques
Andrew Smith, Jeremy Bailey, J. H. Hough +1
We present an empirical analysis of the effectiveness of frame selection (also known as Lucky Imaging) techniques for high resolution imaging. A high-speed image recording system h…