Mean-field Pulse Adaptation for the Circularization of Interacting Rydberg Atoms
arXiv:2607.26978
The paper presents a mean‑field model that allows pulse sequences optimized for non‑interacting atoms to be adapted for interacting Rydberg atoms, enabling efficient simulation of large atomic arrays and achieving sub‑1 % error for two‑atom circularization.
Abstract
Arrays of circular Rydberg atoms provide a promising platform for quantum simulation and computation; however, their preparation in the presence of interatomic interactions remains a major challenge. While optimal control methods have enabled the design of fast and accurate radio-frequency pulses for the circularization of a single atom and of an atom pair, the extension to more atoms is fundamentally limited by the exponential growth of the Hilbert space, which renders numerical simulations computationally infeasible. Here, we introduce an effective model that treats interactions within a mean-field approximation, thereby enabling the simulation of large atomic systems. Our model further enables the adaptation of pulses optimized for non-interacting atoms to interacting systems, based on the computation of a single time evolution. For two interacting atoms, we demonstrate that the error of our method remains below and that our adapted pulses recover the initial performance of optimal pulses in the regime of weak to moderate interaction strengths.
5 pages, 2 figures