MORFEO: Advancing Towards Final Design
arXiv:2607.13258 · doi:10.5281/zenodo.21127865
The paper reports on the design progress of MORFEO, the first‑generation adaptive‑optics module for the Extremely Large Telescope, describing its dual MCAO/SCAO operation, key hardware such as deformable mirrors and laser guide‑star optics, and its real‑time control architecture, along with updated performance simulations.
Abstract
The Multiconjugate adaptive Optics Relay For ELT Observations (MORFEO) is a first-generation adaptive optics module for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), designed to deliver a diffraction-limited, highly uniform 53x53 arcsec field of view to the MICADO near-infrared camera. As the project advances toward its Final Design Review (FDR), significant consolidations have been achieved across all subsystems. This paper presents an updated overview of the MORFEO system, highlighting its dual operational modes (MCAO and SCAO) and recent developments in its opto-mechanical architecture. We dedicate specific focus to the core adaptive hardware, detailing the fifth-generation post-focal deformable mirrors, the highly complex Laser Guide Star (LGS) objective zoom system required to track sodium layer variations, and the Natural Guide Star (NGS) low-order and reference sensing strategies. Furthermore, we detail the advanced pseudo-open-loop control strategy managed by a split Hard and Soft Real-Time Computer architecture. Finally, we report the latest end-to-end performance estimations obtained via the SPECULA simulation framework, demonstrating compliance with the stringent Strehl Ratio and sky coverage requirements under median atmospheric conditions.
11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Adaptive Optics for Extremely Large Telescopes 8, October 27 to 31, 2025 Viña del Mar, Chile