Interlayer magnetic interactions and ferroelectricity in $\ddot{I}€$/3-twisted CrX${}_2$ (X = Se, Te) bilayers

Abstract

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) bilayer magnetic systems have been widely studied. Their interlayer magnetic interactions play a vital role in the magnetic properties. In this paper, we theoretically studied the interlayer magnetic interactions, magnetic states and ferroelectricity of $\ddot{I}€$/3-twisted CrX${}_2$ (X = Se, Te) bilayers ($\ddot{I}€$/3-CrX${}_2$). Our study reveals that the lateral shift could switch the magnetic state of the $\ddot{I}€$/3-CrSe${}_2$ between interlayer ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic, while just tuning the strength of the interlayer antiferromagnetic interactions in $\ddot{I}€$/3-CrTe${}_2$. Furthermore, the lateral shift can alter the off-plane electric polarization in both $\ddot{I}€$/3-CrSe${}_2$ and $\ddot{I}€$/3-CrTe${}_2$. These results show that stacking is an effective way to tune both the magnetic and ferroelectric properties of 1T-CrX${}_2$ bilayers, making the 1T-CrX${}_2$ bilayers hold promise for 2D spintronic devices.