The DESI One-Percent Survey: Exploring A Generalized SHAM for Multiple Tracers with the UNIT Simulation

Abstract

We perform SubHalo Abundance Matching (SHAM) studies on UNIT simulations with \{$\ddot{I}ƒ,V_{\mathrm{ceil}},v_{\mathrm{smear}}$\}-SHAM and \{$\ddot{I}ƒ,V_{\mathrm{ceil}},f_{\mathrm{sat}}$\}-SHAM. They are designed to reproduce the clustering on 5--30$\,\hmpc$ of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs), Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs) and Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSOs) at $0.4<z<3.5$ from DESI One Percent Survey. $V_{\mathrm{ceil}}$ is the incompleteness of the massive host (sub)haloes and is the key to the generalized SHAM. $v_{\mathrm{smear}}$ models the clustering effect of redshift uncertainties, providing measurments consistent with those from repeat observations. A free satellite fraction $f_{\mathrm{sat}}$ is necessary to reproduce the clustering of ELGs. We find ELGs present a more complex galaxy--halo mass relation than LRGs reflected in their weak constraints on $\ddot{I}ƒ$. LRGs, QSOs and ELGs show increasing $V_{\mathrm{ceil}}$ values, corresponding to the massive galaxy incompleteness of LRGs, the quenched star formation of ELGs and the quenched black hole accretion of QSOs. For LRGs, a Gaussian $v_{\mathrm{smear}}$ presents a better profile for sub-samples at redshift bins than a Lorentzian profile used for other tracers. The impact of the statistical redshift uncertainty on ELG clustering is negligible. The best-fitting satellite fraction for DESI ELGs is around 4 per cent, lower than previous estimations for ELGs. The mean halo mass log${}_{10}(⟨M_{\mathrm{vir}}⟩)$ in $\Msun{}$ for LRGs, ELGs and QSOs are $13.16\pm 0.01$, $11.90\pm 0.06$ and $12.66\pm 0.45$ respectively. Our generalized SHAM algorithms facilitate the production of mult-tracer galaxy mocks for cosmological tests.