papers

Publications (82)

quant-ph2017

Quantum metrology based on strongly correlated matter

Soonwon Choi, Norman Y. Yao, Mikhail D. Lukin

We propose and analyze a new method for quantum metrology based on stable non-equilibrium states of quantum matter. Our approach utilizes quantum correlations stabilized by strong…

quant-ph2023

2D Hamiltonians with exotic bipartite and topological entanglement

Shankar Balasubramanian, Ethan Lake, Soonwon Choi

We present a class of exactly solvable 2D models whose ground states violate conventional beliefs about entanglement scaling in quantum matter. These beliefs are (i) that area law…

quant-ph2018

Quantum Optimization for Maximum Independent Set Using Rydberg Atom Arrays

Hannes Pichler, Sheng-Tao Wang, Leo Zhou +2

We describe and analyze an architecture for quantum optimization to solve maximum independent set (MIS) problems using neutral atom arrays trapped in optical tweezers. Optimizing i…

quant-ph2025

How much can we learn from quantum random circuit sampling?

Tudor Manole, Daniel K. Mark, Wenjie Gong +3

Benchmarking quantum devices is a foundational task for the sustained development of quantum technologies. However, accurate in situ characterization of large-scale quantum devices…

quant-ph2026

Digital dissipative state preparation for frustration-free gapless quantum systems

Johannes Feldmeier, Yu-Jie Liu, Mikhail D. Lukin +1

Preparing algebraically correlated ground states of quantum many-body systems is an important, yet challenging task for quantum simulation. We introduce a protocol that employs loc…

quant-ph2017

Dynamical engineering of interactions in qudit ensembles

Soonwon Choi, Norman Y. Yao, Mikhail D. Lukin

We propose and analyze a method to engineer effective interactions in an ensemble of d-level systems (qudits) driven by global control fields. In particular, we present (i) a neces…

quant-ph2023

Improving Metrology with Quantum Scrambling

Zeyang Li, Simone Colombo, Chi Shu +7

Quantum scrambling describes the spreading of local information into many degrees of freedom in quantum systems. This provides the conceptual connection among diverse phenomena ran…

quant-ph2025

Quantum Computing Enhanced Sensing

Richard R. Allen, Francisco Machado, Isaac L. Chuang +2

Quantum computing and quantum sensing represent two distinct frontiers of quantum information science. In this work, we harness quantum computing to solve a fundamental and practic…

quant-ph2026

Strategic Plan for Neutral Atom Quantum Computation

Adrian J. Menssen, Tout Wang, Michael Gullans +54

We present a strategic plan for neutral atom quantum computation, bringing together hardware development and theory advancements to achieve the goal of practical quantum advantage.…

quant-ph2018

Computational complexity of the Rydberg blockade in two dimensions

Hannes Pichler, Sheng-Tao Wang, Leo Zhou +2

We discuss the computational complexity of finding the ground state of the two-dimensional array of quantum bits that interact via strong van der Waals interactions. Specifically,…

quant-ph2026

Unified Probe of Quantum Chaos and Ergodicity from Hamiltonian Learning

Nik O. Gjonbalaj, Christian Kokail, Susanne F. Yelin +1

Developing measures of quantum ergodicity and chaos stands as a foundational task in the study of quantum many-body systems. In this work, we propose metrics for these effects base…

quant-ph2023

Benchmarking Quantum Simulators using Ergodic Quantum Dynamics

Daniel K. Mark, Joonhee Choi, Adam L. Shaw +2

We propose and analyze a sample-efficient protocol to estimate the fidelity between an experimentally prepared state and an ideal target state, applicable to a wide class of analog…

quant-ph2021

Emergent hydrodynamics in a strongly interacting dipolar spin ensemble

Chong Zu, Francisco Machado, Bingtian Ye +12

Conventional wisdom holds that macroscopic classical phenomena naturally emerge from microscopic quantum laws. However, despite this mantra, building direct connections between the…

cond-mat.str-el2018

Numerical study of the chiral quantum phase transition in one spatial dimension

Rhine Samajdar, Soonwon Choi, Hannes Pichler +2

Recent experiments on a one-dimensional chain of trapped alkali atoms [arXiv:1707.04344] have observed a quantum transition associated with the onset of period-3 ordering of pumped…

quant-ph2021

Discrete time-crystalline order enabled by quantum many-body scars: entanglement steering via periodic driving

Nishad Maskara, Alexios A Michailidis, Wen Wei Ho +4

The control of many-body quantum dynamics in complex systems is a key challenge in the quest to reliably produce and manipulate large-scale quantum entangled states. Recently, quen…

quant-ph2021

Limitations of Linear Cross-Entropy as a Measure for Quantum Advantage

Xun Gao, Marcin Kalinowski, Chi-Ning Chou +3

Demonstrating quantum advantage requires experimental implementation of a computational task that is hard to achieve using state-of-the-art classical systems. One approach is to pe…

quant-ph2023

Probing dynamics of a two-dimensional dipolar spin ensemble using single qubit sensor

Kristine Rezai, Soonwon Choi, Mikhail D. Lukin +1

Understanding the thermalization dynamics of quantum many-body systems at the microscopic level is among the central challenges of modern statistical physics. Here we experimentall…

cond-mat.stat-mech2020

Theory of the phase transition in random unitary circuits with measurements

Yimu Bao, Soonwon Choi, Ehud Altman

We present a theory of the entanglement transition tuned by measurement strength in qudit chains evolved by random unitary circuits and subject to either weak or random projective…

cond-mat.quant-gas2024

Efficiently measuring -wave pairing and beyond in quantum gas microscopes

Daniel K. Mark, Hong-Ye Hu, Joyce Kwan +3

Understanding the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity is among the most important problems in physics, for which quantum simulation can provide new insights. However, i…

quant-ph2023

A universal crossover in quantum circuits governed by a proximate classical error correction transition

Anasuya Lyons, Soonwon Choi, Ehud Altman

We formulate a semi-classical circuit model to clarify the role of quantum entanglement in the recently discovered encoding phase transitions in quantum circuits with measurements.…

quant-ph2024

A Maximum Entropy Principle in Deep Thermalization and in Hilbert-Space Ergodicity

Daniel K. Mark, Federica Surace, Andreas Elben +5

We report universal statistical properties displayed by ensembles of pure states that naturally emerge in quantum many-body systems. Specifically, two classes of state ensembles ar…

quant-ph2017

Photonic tensor networks produced by a single quantum emitter

Hannes Pichler, Soonwon Choi, Peter Zoller +1

We propose and analyze a protocol to generate two dimensional tensor network states using a single quantum system that sequentially interacts with a 1D string of qubits. This is ac…

quant-ph2023

Preparing random states and benchmarking with many-body quantum chaos

Joonhee Choi, Adam L. Shaw, Ivaylo S. Madjarov +11

Producing quantum states at random has become increasingly important in modern quantum science, with applications both theoretical and practical. In particular, ensembles of such r…

quant-ph2019

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm: Performance, Mechanism, and Implementation on Near-Term Devices

Leo Zhou, Sheng-Tao Wang, Soonwon Choi +2

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm designed to tackle combinatorial optimization problems. Despite its promis…

quant-ph2018

Probing quantum thermalization of a disordered dipolar spin ensemble with discrete time-crystalline order

Joonhee Choi, Hengyun Zhou, Soonwon Choi +8

We investigate thermalization dynamics of a driven dipolar many-body quantum system through the stability of discrete time crystalline order. Using periodic driving of electronic s…

quant-ph2025

Quantum thermalization must occur in translation-invariant systems at high temperature

Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo, Soonwon Choi

Quantum thermalization describes how closed quantum systems can effectively reach thermal equilibrium, resolving the apparent incongruity between the reversibility of Schrödinger'…

physics.atom-ph2026

Controlling Rydberg atom-polariton interactions: from exceptional points to fast readout

Tamara Å umarac, Emily H. Qiu, Shai Tsesses +8

Rydberg atoms represent a platform underpinning many recent developments in quantum computation, simulation, sensing, and metrology. They further facilitate optical nonlinearity at…

quant-ph2020

Controlling many-body dynamics with driven quantum scars in Rydberg atom arrays

Dolev Bluvstein, Ahmed Omran, Harry Levine +12

Controlling non-equilibrium quantum dynamics in many-body systems is an outstanding challenge as interactions typically lead to thermalization and a chaotic spreading throughout Hi…

quant-ph2019

Quantum Virtual Cooling

Jordan Cotler, Soonwon Choi, Alexander Lukin +10

We propose a quantum information based scheme to reduce the temperature of quantum many-body systems, and access regimes beyond the current capability of conventional cooling techn…

quant-ph2019

Periodic orbits, entanglement and quantum many-body scars in constrained models: matrix product state approach

Wen Wei Ho, Soonwon Choi, Hannes Pichler +1

We analyze quantum dynamics of strongly interacting, kinetically constrained many-body systems. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating surprising long-lived, periodic reviva…

quant-ph2016

Observation of discrete time-crystalline order in a disordered dipolar many-body system

Soonwon Choi, Joonhee Choi, Renate Landig +11

Understanding quantum dynamics away from equilibrium is an outstanding challenge in the modern physical sciences. It is well known that out-of-equilibrium systems can display a ric…

quant-ph2021

Emergent quantum state designs from individual many-body wavefunctions

Jordan S. Cotler, Daniel K. Mark, Hsin-Yuan Huang +5

Quantum chaos in many-body systems provides a bridge between statistical and quantum physics with strong predictive power. This framework is valuable for analyzing properties of co…

quant-ph2023

Quantum Computation and Simulation using Fermion-Pair Registers

Xiangkai Sun, Di Luo, Soonwon Choi

We propose and analyze an approach to realize quantum computation and simulation using fermionic particles under quantum gas microscopes. Our work is inspired by a recent experimen…

quant-ph2019

Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks

Iris Cong, Soonwon Choi, Mikhail D. Lukin

We introduce and analyze a novel quantum machine learning model motivated by convolutional neural networks. Our quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) makes use of only $O(\lo…

cond-mat.quant-gas2021

Emission of Spin-correlated Matter-wave Jets from Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates

Kyungtae Kim, Junhyeok Hur, SeungJung Huh +2

We report the observation of matter-wave jet emission in a strongly ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate of Li atoms. Directional atomic beams with $|{F=1,m_F=1}\rangl…

quant-ph2019

Quantum Metrology with Strongly Interacting Spin Systems

Hengyun Zhou, Joonhee Choi, Soonwon Choi +10

Quantum metrology makes use of coherent superpositions to detect weak signals. While in principle the sensitivity can be improved by increasing the density of sensing particles, in…

quant-ph2025

Optimized trajectory unraveling for classical simulation of noisy quantum dynamics

Zhuo Chen, Yimu Bao, Soonwon Choi

The dynamics of open quantum systems can be simulated by unraveling it into an ensemble of pure state trajectories undergoing non-unitary monitored evolution, which has recently be…

quant-ph2024

Quantum Algorithm to Prepare Quasi-Stationary States

Samuel J. Garratt, Soonwon Choi

Quantum dynamics can be analyzed via the structure of energy eigenstates. However, in the many-body setting, preparing eigenstates associated with finite temperatures requires time…

quant-ph2016

Depolarization dynamics in a strongly interacting solid-state spin ensemble

Joonhee Choi, Soonwon Choi, Georg Kucsko +9

We study the depolarization dynamics of a dense ensemble of dipolar interacting spins, associated with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. We observe anomalously fast, density-dep…

quant-ph2023

Benchmarking highly entangled states on a 60-atom analog quantum simulator

Adam L. Shaw, Zhuo Chen, Joonhee Choi +6

Quantum systems have entered a competitive regime where classical computers must make approximations to represent highly entangled quantum states. However, in this beyond-classical…

quant-ph2019

Quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism and critical dynamics on a programmable Rydberg simulator

Alexander Keesling, Ahmed Omran, Harry Levine +12

Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) involve transformations between different states of matter that are driven by quantum fluctuations. These fluctuations play a dominant role in the…

quant-ph2025

Critically Slow Hilbert-Space Ergodicity in Quantum Morphic Drives

Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo, Soonwon Choi, Wen Wei Ho

The maximum entropy principle is foundational for statistical analyses of complex dynamics. This principle has been challenged by the findings of a previous work [arXiv:1701.07596]…

quant-ph2015

Quantum Control of Many-body Localized States

Soonwon Choi, Norman Y. Yao, Sarang Gopalakrishnan +1

We propose and analyze a new approach to the coherent control and manipulation of quantum degrees of freedom in disordered, interacting systems in the many-body localized phase. Ou…

cond-mat.str-el2022

Landau-Forbidden Quantum Criticality in Rydberg Quantum Simulators

Jong Yeon Lee, Joshua Ramette, Max A. Metlitski +3

The Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory of phase transitions precludes a continuous transition between two phases that spontaneously break distinct symmetries. However, quantum mechanica…

quant-ph2025

Fast computational deep thermalization

Shantanav Chakraborty, Soonwon Choi, Soumik Ghosh +1

Deep thermalization refers to the emergence of Haar-like randomness from quantum systems upon partial measurements. As a generalization of quantum thermalization, it is often assoc…

quant-ph2023

Robust and Parallel Control of Many Qubits

Wenjie Gong, Soonwon Choi

The rapid growth in size of quantum devices demands efficient ways to control them, which is challenging for systems with thousands of qubits or more. Here, we present a simple yet…

quant-ph2019

Robust Dynamic Hamiltonian Engineering of Many-Body Spin Systems

Joonhee Choi, Hengyun Zhou, Helena S. Knowles +3

We introduce a new approach for the robust control of quantum dynamics of strongly interacting many-body systems. Our approach involves the design of periodic global control pulse…

quant-ph2024

Complete Hilbert-Space Ergodicity in Quantum Dynamics of Generalized Fibonacci Drives

Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo, Ceren B. Dag, Wen Wei Ho +1

Ergodicity of quantum dynamics is often defined through statistical properties of energy eigenstates, as exemplified by Berry's conjecture in single-particle quantum chaos and the…

quant-ph2018

Emergent SU(2) dynamics and perfect quantum many-body scars

Soonwon Choi, Christopher J. Turner, Hannes Pichler +6

Motivated by recent experimental observations of coherent many-body revivals in a constrained Rydberg atom chain, we construct a weak quasi-local deformation of the Rydberg blockad…

quant-ph2018

Imaging the local charge environment of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Thomas Mittiga, Satcher Hsieh, Chong Zu +8

Characterizing the local internal environment surrounding solid-state spin defects is crucial to harnessing them as nanoscale sensors of external fields. This is especially germane…

quant-ph2019

Generation and manipulation of Schrödinger cat states in Rydberg atom arrays

Ahmed Omran, Harry Levine, Alexander Keesling +16

Quantum entanglement involving coherent superpositions of macroscopically distinct states is among the most striking features of quantum theory, but its realization is challenging,…

quant-ph2025

2D Quon Language: Unifying Framework for Cliffords, Matchgates, and Beyond

Byungmin Kang, Chen Zhao, Zhengwei Liu +2

Simulating generic quantum states and dynamics is practically intractable using classical computers. However, certain special classes -- namely Clifford and matchgate circuits -- p…

quant-ph2023

Enhancing Detection of Topological Order by Local Error Correction

Iris Cong, Nishad Maskara, Minh C. Tran +5

The exploration of topologically-ordered states of matter is a long-standing goal at the interface of several subfields of the physical sciences. Such states feature intriguing phy…

quant-ph2025

The vast world of quantum advantage

Hsin-Yuan Huang, Soonwon Choi, Jarrod R. McClean +1

The quest to identify quantum advantages lies at the heart of quantum technology. While quantum devices promise extraordinary capabilities, from exponential computational speedups…

quant-ph2026

Robust multiparameter estimation using quantum scrambling

Wenjie Gong, Bingtian Ye, Daniel Mark +1

We propose and analyze a versatile and efficient multiparameter quantum sensing protocol, which simultaneously estimates many non-commuting and time-dependent signals that are cohe…

quant-ph2023

Controlling local thermalization dynamics in a Floquet-engineered dipolar ensemble

Leigh S. Martin, Hengyun Zhou, Nathaniel T. Leitao +9

Understanding the microscopic mechanisms of thermalization in closed quantum systems is among the key challenges in modern quantum many-body physics. We demonstrate a method to pro…

quant-ph2025

Experimental signatures of Hilbert-space ergodicity: Universal bitstring distributions and applications in noise learning

Adam L. Shaw, Daniel K. Mark, Joonhee Choi +4

Systems reaching thermal equilibrium are ubiquitous. For classical systems, this phenomenon is typically understood statistically through ergodicity in phase space, but translating…

quant-ph2020

Quantum Error Correction in Scrambling Dynamics and Measurement-Induced Phase Transition

Soonwon Choi, Yimu Bao, Xiao-Liang Qi +1

We analyze the dynamics of entanglement entropy in a generic quantum many-body open system from the perspective of quantum information and error corrections. We introduce a random…

quant-ph2026

Rare-Event Quantum Sensing using Logical Qubits

Robert Ott, Torsten V. Zache, Soonwon Choi +2

We present a novel protocol to detect rare signals in a noisy environment using quantum error correction (QEC). The key feature of our protocol is the discrimination between signal…

quant-ph2023

Exact Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Phase Recognition: Renormalization Group and Error Correction

Ethan Lake, Shankar Balasubramanian, Soonwon Choi

We explore the relationship between renormalization group (RG) flow and error correction by constructing quantum algorithms that exactly recognize 1D symmetry-protected topological…

quant-ph2023

Measuring Arbitrary Physical Properties in Analog Quantum Simulation

Minh C. Tran, Daniel K. Mark, Wen Wei Ho +1

A central challenge in analog quantum simulation is to characterize desirable physical properties of quantum states produced in experiments. However, in conventional approaches, th…

cond-mat.stat-mech2021

Symmetry enriched phases of quantum circuits

Yimu Bao, Soonwon Choi, Ehud Altman

Quantum circuits consisting of random unitary gates and subject to local measurements have been shown to undergo a phase transition, tuned by the rate of measurement, from a state…

cond-mat.dis-nn2017

Dynamically induced many-body localization

Soonwon Choi, Dmitry A. Abanin, Mikhail D. Lukin

We show that a quantum phase transition from ergodic to many-body localized (MBL) phases can be induced via periodic pulsed manipulation of spin systems. Such a transition is enabl…

quant-ph2022

Classically-Verifiable Quantum Advantage from a Computational Bell Test

Gregory D. Kahanamoku-Meyer, Soonwon Choi, Umesh V. Vazirani +1

We propose and analyze a novel interactive protocol for demonstrating quantum computational advantage, which is efficiently classically verifiable. Our protocol relies upon the cry…

quant-ph2026

Measuring gravitational lensing time delays with quantum information processing

Zhenning Liu, William DeRocco, Shiming Gu +6

The gravitational fields of astrophysical bodies bend the light around them, creating multiple paths along which light from a distant source can arrive at Earth. Measuring the diff…

quant-ph2022

A scalable superconducting quantum simulator with long-range connectivity based on a photonic bandgap metamaterial

Xueyue Zhang, Eunjong Kim, Daniel K. Mark +2

Synthesis of many-body quantum systems in the laboratory can help provide further insight into the emergent behavior of quantum materials, whose properties may provide improved met…

quant-ph2021

Fault-tolerant qubit from a constant number of components

Kianna Wan, Soonwon Choi, Isaac H. Kim +2

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation i…

quant-ph2022

Quantum Optimization of Maximum Independent Set using Rydberg Atom Arrays

Sepehr Ebadi, Alexander Keesling, Madelyn Cain +21

Realizing quantum speedup for practically relevant, computationally hard problems is a central challenge in quantum information science. Using Rydberg atom arrays with up to 289 qu…

quant-ph2025

Observation of ballistic plasma and memory in high-energy gauge theory dynamics

Daniel K. Mark, Federica M. Surace, Thomas Schuster +4

Gauge theories describe the fundamental forces of nature. However, high-energy dynamics, such as the formation of quark-gluon plasmas, is notoriously difficult to model with classi…

quant-ph2022

Probing many-body dynamics in a two dimensional dipolar spin ensemble

Emily J. Davis, Bingtian Ye, Francisco Machado +13

The most direct approach for characterizing the quantum dynamics of a strongly-interacting system is to measure the time-evolution of its full many-body state. Despite the conceptu…

quant-ph2021

Bulk and Boundary Quantum Phase Transitions in a Square Rydberg Atom Array

Marcin Kalinowski, Rhine Samajdar, Roger G. Melko +3

Motivated by recent experimental realizations of exotic phases of matter on programmable quantum simulators, we carry out a comprehensive theoretical study of quantum phase transit…

cond-mat.mes-hall2017

Critical thermalization of a disordered dipolar spin system in diamond

Georg Kucsko, Soonwon Choi, Joonhee Choi +10

Statistical mechanics underlies our understanding of macroscopic quantum systems. It is based on the assumption that out-of-equilibrium systems rapidly approach their equilibrium s…

quant-ph2024

Hilbert-Space Ergodicity in Driven Quantum Systems: Obstructions and Designs

Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo, Iman Marvian, Soonwon Choi +1

Despite its long history, a canonical formulation of quantum ergodicity that applies to general classes of quantum dynamics, including driven systems, has not been fully establishe…

quant-ph2021

The Measurement-induced Transition in Long-range Interacting Quantum Circuits

Maxwell Block, Yimu Bao, Soonwon Choi +2

The competition between scrambling unitary evolution and projective measurements leads to a phase transition in the dynamics of quantum entanglement. Here, we demonstrate that the…

quant-ph2026

Entanglement in quantum spin chains is strictly finite at any temperature

Ainesh Bakshi, Soonwon Choi, Saúl Pilatowsky-Cameo

Entanglement is the hallmark of quantum physics, yet its characterization in interacting many-body systems at thermal equilibrium remains one of the most important challenges in qu…

quant-ph2022

Classical Shadow Tomography with Locally Scrambled Quantum Dynamics

Hong-Ye Hu, Soonwon Choi, Yi-Zhuang You

We generalize the classical shadow tomography scheme to a broad class of finite-depth or finite-time local unitary ensembles, known as locally scrambled quantum dynamics, where the…

quant-ph2023

Symmetry-protected dissipative preparation of matrix product states

Leo Zhou, Soonwon Choi, Mikhail D. Lukin

We propose and analyze a method for efficient dissipative preparation of matrix product states that exploits their symmetry properties. Specifically, we construct an explicit proto…

quant-ph2017

Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator

Hannes Bernien, Sylvain Schwartz, Alexander Keesling +9

Controllable, coherent many-body systems can provide insights into the fundamental properties of quantum matter, enable the realization of new quantum phases and could ultimately l…

quant-ph2022

Exact emergent quantum state designs from quantum chaotic dynamics

Wen Wei Ho, Soonwon Choi

We present exact results on a novel kind of emergent random matrix universality that quantum many-body systems at infinite temperature can exhibit. Specifically, we consider an ens…

quant-ph2020

Quantum Phases of Matter on a 256-Atom Programmable Quantum Simulator

Sepehr Ebadi, Tout T. Wang, Harry Levine +12

Motivated by far-reaching applications ranging from quantum simulations of complex processes in physics and chemistry to quantum information processing, a broad effort is currently…

cond-mat.quant-gas2018

Probing entanglement in a many-body-localized system

Alexander Lukin, Matthew Rispoli, Robert Schittko +6

An interacting quantum system that is subject to disorder may cease to thermalize due to localization of its constituents, thereby marking the breakdown of thermodynamics. The key…

cond-mat.dis-nn2017

Critical Time Crystals in Dipolar Systems

Wen Wei Ho, Soonwon Choi, Mikhail D. Lukin +1

We analyze the quantum dynamics of periodically driven, disordered systems in the presence of long-range interactions. Focusing on the stability of discrete time crystalline (DTC)…