papers

Publications (35)

cs.CL2023

In-Context Demonstration Selection with Cross Entropy Difference

Dan Iter, Reid Pryzant, Ruochen Xu +4

Large language models (LLMs) can use in-context demonstrations to improve performance on zero-shot tasks. However, selecting the best in-context examples is challenging because mod…

cs.CV2025

ZoomEye: Enhancing Multimodal LLMs with Human-Like Zooming Capabilities through Tree-Based Image Exploration

Haozhan Shen, Kangjia Zhao, Tiancheng Zhao +4

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in vision-language understanding. Recently, with the integration of test-time scaling techniques,…

cs.CL2018

Unsupervised Cross-lingual Transfer of Word Embedding Spaces

Ruochen Xu, Yiming Yang, Naoki Otani +1

Cross-lingual transfer of word embeddings aims to establish the semantic mappings among words in different languages by learning the transformation functions over the corresponding…

cs.CV2022

CLIP-Event: Connecting Text and Images with Event Structures

Manling Li, Ruochen Xu, Shuohang Wang +6

Vision-language (V+L) pretraining models have achieved great success in supporting multimedia applications by understanding the alignments between images and text. While existing v…

cs.RO2025

Grasping by Spiraling: Reproducing Elephant Movements with Rigid-Soft Robot Synergy

Huishi Huang, Haozhe Wang, Chongyu Fang +8

The logarithmic spiral is observed as a common pattern in several living beings across kingdoms and species. Some examples include fern shoots, prehensile tails, and soft limbs lik…

cs.CL2024

Dynamic Evaluation of Large Language Models by Meta Probing Agents

Kaijie Zhu, Jindong Wang, Qinlin Zhao +2

Evaluation of large language models (LLMs) has raised great concerns in the community due to the issue of data contamination. Existing work designed evaluation protocols using well…

cs.CL2020

A Hierarchical Network for Abstractive Meeting Summarization with Cross-Domain Pretraining

Chenguang Zhu, Ruochen Xu, Michael Zeng +1

With the abundance of automatic meeting transcripts, meeting summarization is of great interest to both participants and other parties. Traditional methods of summarizing meetings…

cs.CL2021

Enhancing Factual Consistency of Abstractive Summarization

Chenguang Zhu, William Hinthorn, Ruochen Xu +4

Automatic abstractive summaries are found to often distort or fabricate facts in the article. This inconsistency between summary and original text has seriously impacted its applic…

cs.CL2020

Mixed-Lingual Pre-training for Cross-lingual Summarization

Ruochen Xu, Chenguang Zhu, Yu Shi +2

Cross-lingual Summarization (CLS) aims at producing a summary in the target language for an article in the source language. Traditional solutions employ a two-step approach, i.e. t…

cs.CL2024

ERBench: An Entity-Relationship based Automatically Verifiable Hallucination Benchmark for Large Language Models

Jio Oh, Soyeon Kim, Junseok Seo +4

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented performances in various applications, yet evaluating them is still challenging. Existing benchmarks are either manually con…

cs.CL2020

Cross-lingual Alignment vs Joint Training: A Comparative Study and A Simple Unified Framework

Zirui Wang, Jiateng Xie, Ruochen Xu +3

Learning multilingual representations of text has proven a successful method for many cross-lingual transfer learning tasks. There are two main paradigms for learning such represen…

cs.CL2025

Rho-1: Not All Tokens Are What You Need

Zhenghao Lin, Zhibin Gou, Yeyun Gong +8

Previous language model pre-training methods have uniformly applied a next-token prediction loss to all training tokens. Challenging this norm, we posit that "9l training". Our ini…

cs.CL2023

Language Models can be Logical Solvers

Jiazhan Feng, Ruochen Xu, Junheng Hao +4

Logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and a key component of tasks like problem-solving and decision-making. Recent advancements have enabled Large Langua…

cs.CL2019

Formality Style Transfer with Hybrid Textual Annotations

Ruochen Xu, Tao Ge, Furu Wei

Formality style transformation is the task of modifying the formality of a given sentence without changing its content. Its challenge is the lack of large-scale sentence-aligned pa…

cs.CL2022

Training Data is More Valuable than You Think: A Simple and Effective Method by Retrieving from Training Data

Shuohang Wang, Yichong Xu, Yuwei Fang +5

Retrieval-based methods have been shown to be effective in NLP tasks via introducing external knowledge. However, the indexing and retrieving of large-scale corpora bring considera…

cs.CL2023

Z-Code++: A Pre-trained Language Model Optimized for Abstractive Summarization

Pengcheng He, Baolin Peng, Liyang Lu +11

This paper presents Z-Code++, a new pre-trained language model optimized for abstractive text summarization. The model extends the state of the art encoder-decoder model using thre…

cs.CL2021

Fusing Context Into Knowledge Graph for Commonsense Question Answering

Yichong Xu, Chenguang Zhu, Ruochen Xu +3

Commonsense question answering (QA) requires a model to grasp commonsense and factual knowledge to answer questions about world events. Many prior methods couple language modeling…

cs.CL2024

SciAgent: Tool-augmented Language Models for Scientific Reasoning

Yubo Ma, Zhibin Gou, Junheng Hao +8

Scientific reasoning poses an excessive challenge for even the most advanced Large Language Models (LLMs). To make this task more practical and solvable for LLMs, we introduce a ne…

cs.CL2025

Unifying Language Agent Algorithms with Graph-based Orchestration Engine for Reproducible Agent Research

Qianqian Zhang, Jiajia Liao, Heting Ying +9

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robu…

cs.CL2023

LMGQS: A Large-scale Dataset for Query-focused Summarization

Ruochen Xu, Song Wang, Yang Liu +5

Query-focused summarization (QFS) aims to extract or generate a summary of an input document that directly answers or is relevant to a given query. The lack of large-scale datasets…

cs.CL2018

Cross-lingual Distillation for Text Classification

Ruochen Xu, Yiming Yang

Cross-lingual text classification(CLTC) is the task of classifying documents written in different languages into the same taxonomy of categories. This paper presents a novel approa…

cs.CL2026

Preserving Knowledge in Large Language Model with Model-Agnostic Self-Decompression

Zilun Zhang, Yutao Sun, Tiancheng Zhao +4

Humans can retain old knowledge while learning new information, but Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffer from catastrophic forgetting when post-pretrained or supervised fine-t…

cs.CL2024

Supervised Knowledge Makes Large Language Models Better In-context Learners

Linyi Yang, Shuibai Zhang, Zhuohao Yu +8

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit emerging in-context learning abilities through prompt engineering. The recent progress in large-scale generative models has further expanded th…

cs.CL2023

G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignment

Yang Liu, Dan Iter, Yichong Xu +3

The quality of texts generated by natural language generation (NLG) systems is hard to measure automatically. Conventional reference-based metrics, such as BLEU and ROUGE, have bee…

cs.CL2020

Predicting Performance for Natural Language Processing Tasks

Mengzhou Xia, Antonios Anastasopoulos, Ruochen Xu +2

Given the complexity of combinations of tasks, languages, and domains in natural language processing (NLP) research, it is computationally prohibitive to exhaustively test newly pr…

cs.CV2024

OmChat: A Recipe to Train Multimodal Language Models with Strong Long Context and Video Understanding

Tiancheng Zhao, Qianqian Zhang, Kyusong Lee +7

We introduce OmChat, a model designed to excel in handling long contexts and video understanding tasks. OmChat's new architecture standardizes how different visual inputs are proce…

cs.CV2022

Language Models with Image Descriptors are Strong Few-Shot Video-Language Learners

Zhenhailong Wang, Manling Li, Ruochen Xu +10

The goal of this work is to build flexible video-language models that can generalize to various video-to-text tasks from few examples, such as domain-specific captioning, question…

cs.CL2021

Does Knowledge Help General NLU? An Empirical Study

Ruochen Xu, Yuwei Fang, Chenguang Zhu +1

It is often observed in knowledge-centric tasks (e.g., common sense question and answering, relation classification) that the integration of external knowledge such as entity repre…

cs.CV2022

Learning Visual Representation from Modality-Shared Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training

Haoxuan You, Luowei Zhou, Bin Xiao +5

Large-scale multi-modal contrastive pre-training has demonstrated great utility to learn transferable features for a range of downstream tasks by mapping multiple modalities into a…

cs.CL2023

UniSumm and SummZoo: Unified Model and Diverse Benchmark for Few-Shot Summarization

Yulong Chen, Yang Liu, Ruochen Xu +4

The high annotation costs and diverse demands of various summarization tasks motivate the development of few-shot summarization. However, despite the emergence of many summarizatio…

cs.CL2019

The ARIEL-CMU Systems for LoReHLT18

Aditi Chaudhary, Siddharth Dalmia, Junjie Hu +27

This paper describes the ARIEL-CMU submissions to the Low Resource Human Language Technologies (LoReHLT) 2018 evaluations for the tasks Machine Translation (MT), Entity Discovery a…

cs.CV2025

VLM-R1: A Stable and Generalizable R1-style Large Vision-Language Model

Haozhan Shen, Peng Liu, Jingcheng Li +9

Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective…

cs.CL2021

Leveraging Knowledge in Multilingual Commonsense Reasoning

Yuwei Fang, Shuohang Wang, Yichong Xu +4

Commonsense reasoning (CSR) requires the model to be equipped with general world knowledge. While CSR is a language-agnostic process, most comprehensive knowledge sources are in fe…

cs.CL2025

The Self-Improvement Paradox: Can Language Models Bootstrap Reasoning Capabilities without External Scaffolding?

Yutao Sun, Mingshuai Chen, Tiancheng Zhao +3

Self-improving large language models (LLMs) -- i.e., to improve the performance of an LLM by fine-tuning it with synthetic data generated by itself -- is a promising way to advance…

cs.CL2023

InheritSumm: A General, Versatile and Compact Summarizer by Distilling from GPT

Yichong Xu, Ruochen Xu, Dan Iter +4

While large models such as GPT-3 demonstrate exceptional performance in zeroshot and fewshot summarization tasks, their extensive serving and fine-tuning costs hinder their utiliza…