Publications (16)
Multi-wavelength ALMA Imaging of HD 34282: Dust-trapping Signatures of a Vortex Candidate
Xiaoyi Ma, Fangyuan Yu, Ruobing Dong +8
Azimuthal arcs in millimeter continuum emission from protoplanetary disks are often attributed to dust-trapping vortices, but definitive observational confirmation of vortices rema…
Multilevel Ensemble Kalman-Bucy Filters
Neil K. Chada, Ajay Jasra, Fangyuan Yu
In this article we consider the linear filtering problem in continuous-time. We develop and apply multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) strategies for ensemble Kalman-Bucy filters (EnKBFs)…
Binary Stars Approaching Supermassive Black Holes: Hydrodynamics of Stellar Collisions, Mass Fallback and Partial TDEs
Fangyuan Yu, Dong Lai
When binaries are injected into low-angular-momentum orbits around a central supermassive black hole (SMBH), various outcomes can occur, including binary tidal breakup, double stel…
Hybrid Verified Decoding: Learning to Allocate Verification in Speculative Decoding
Xin Su, Dawid Majchrowski, Fangyuan Yu +5
Large Language Model (LLM) generation remains expensive because autoregressive decoding calls the model once for each new token. Speculative decoding reduces this cost by drafting…
Free-Floating Planets, Survivor Planets, Captured Planets and Binary Planets from Stellar Flybys
Fangyuan Yu, Dong Lai
In star clusters, close stellar encounters can strongly impact the architecture of a planetary system or even destroy it. We present a systematic study on the effects of stellar fl…
Central Limit Theorems for Coupled Particle Filters
Ajay Jasra, Fangyuan Yu
In this article we prove a new central limit theorem (CLT) for coupled particle filters (CPFs). CPFs are used for the sequential estimation of the difference of expectations w.r.t.…
Unbiased Filtering of a Class of Partially Observed Diffusions
Ajay Jasra, Kody Law, Fangyuan Yu
In this article we consider a Monte Carlo-based method to filter partially observed diffusions observed at regular and discrete times. Given access only to Euler discretizations of…
Leaky Dust Traps in Planet-Embedded Protoplanetary Disks
Pinghui Huang, Fangyuan Yu, Eve J. Lee +2
From the survival of dust disks for a few Myr to the establishment of chemical dichotomy, dust traps are expected to play a pivotal role in sculpting protoplanetary disks and the e…
Iterative Graph Alignment
Fangyuan Yu, Hardeep Singh Arora, Matt Johnson
By compressing diverse narratives, LLMs go beyond memorization, achieving intelligence by capturing generalizable causal relationships. However, they suffer from local 'representat…
Randomized multilevel Monte Carlo for embarrassingly parallel inference
Ajay Jasra, Kody J. H. Law, Alexander Tarakanov +1
This position paper summarizes a recently developed research program focused on inference in the context of data centric science and engineering applications, and forecasts its tra…
Unbiased Estimation of the Hessian for Partially Observed Diffusions
Neil K. Chada, Ajay Jasra, Fangyuan Yu
In this article we consider the development of unbiased estimators of the Hessian, of the log-likelihood function with respect to parameters, for partially observed diffusion proce…
Memorization-Compression Cycles Improve Generalization
Fangyuan Yu
We prove theoretically that generalization improves not only through data scaling but also by compressing internal representations. To operationalize this insight, we introduce the…
Scaling LLM Pre-training with Vocabulary Curriculum
Fangyuan Yu
Modern language models rely on static vocabularies, fixed before pretraining, in contrast to the adaptive vocabulary acquisition observed in human language learning. To bridge this…
Multilevel Particle Filters for the Non-Linear Filtering Problem in Continuous Time
Ajay Jasra, Fangyuan Yu, Jeremy Heng
In the following article we consider the numerical approximation of the non-linear filter in continuous-time, where the observations and signal follow diffusion processes. Given ac…
Dynamic Latent Routing
Fangyuan Yu, Xin Su, Amir Abdullah
We investigate the temporal concatenation of sub-policies in Markov Decision Processes (MDP) with time-varying reward functions. We introduce General Dijkstra Search (GDS), and pro…
Binary Stars Approaching Supermassive Black Holes: Tidal Break-up, Double Stellar Disruptions and Stellar Collision
Fangyuan Yu, Dong Lai
In galactic centers, stars and binaries can be injected into low-angular-momentum orbits, resulting in close encounters with the central supermassive black hole (SMBH). Previous wo…