papers

Publications (277)

cs.CL2024

Evaluating Concurrent Robustness of Language Models Across Diverse Challenge Sets

Vatsal Gupta, Pranshu Pandya, Tushar Kataria +2

Language models, characterized by their black-box nature, often hallucinate and display sensitivity to input perturbations, causing concerns about trust. To enhance trust, it is im…

cs.CL2019

Solving Hard Coreference Problems

Haoruo Peng, Daniel Khashabi, Dan Roth

Coreference resolution is a key problem in natural language understanding that still escapes reliable solutions. One fundamental difficulty has been that of resolving instances inv…

cs.CL2025

OraPlan-SQL: A Planning-Centric Framework for Complex Bilingual NL2SQL Reasoning

Marianne Menglin Liu, Sai Ashish Somayajula, Syed Fahad Allam Shah +2

We present OraPlan-SQL, our system for the Archer NL2SQL Evaluation Challenge 2025, a bilingual benchmark requiring complex reasoning such as arithmetic, commonsense, and hypotheti…

cs.CL2025

PRAISE: Enhancing Product Descriptions with LLM-Driven Structured Insights

Adnan Qidwai, Srija Mukhopadhyay, Prerana Khatiwada +2

Accurate and complete product descriptions are crucial for e-commerce, yet seller-provided information often falls short. Customer reviews offer valuable details but are laborious…

cs.CL2020

Do Language Embeddings Capture Scales?

Xikun Zhang, Deepak Ramachandran, Ian Tenney +2

Pretrained Language Models (LMs) have been shown to possess significant linguistic, common sense, and factual knowledge. One form of knowledge that has not been studied yet in this…

cs.CL2023

Few-Shot Data-to-Text Generation via Unified Representation and Multi-Source Learning

Alexander Hanbo Li, Mingyue Shang, Evangelia Spiliopoulou +9

We present a novel approach for structured data-to-text generation that addresses the limitations of existing methods that primarily focus on specific types of structured data. Our…

cs.CL2022

LawngNLI: A Long-Premise Benchmark for In-Domain Generalization from Short to Long Contexts and for Implication-Based Retrieval

William Bruno, Dan Roth

Natural language inference has trended toward studying contexts beyond the sentence level. An important application area is law: past cases often do not foretell how they apply to…

cs.CV2022

Cross-modal Map Learning for Vision and Language Navigation

Georgios Georgakis, Karl Schmeckpeper, Karan Wanchoo +4

We consider the problem of Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). The majority of current methods for VLN are trained end-to-end using either unstructured memory such as LSTM, or us…

cs.LG2026

Is Code Better Than Language for Algorithmic Reasoning

Terry Tong, Yu Feng, Surbhi Goel +1

For tool-augmented language models, comparing natural-language reasoning with code-execution pipelines is difficult because the comparison changes both the intermediate representat…

cs.LG2023

Multi-lingual Evaluation of Code Generation Models

Ben Athiwaratkun, Sanjay Krishna Gouda, Zijian Wang +22

We present new benchmarks on evaluation code generation models: MBXP and Multilingual HumanEval, and MathQA-X. These datasets cover over 10 programming languages and are generated…

cs.CV2024

MuirBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Robust Multi-image Understanding

Fei Wang, Xingyu Fu, James Y. Huang +18

We introduce MuirBench, a comprehensive benchmark that focuses on robust multi-image understanding capabilities of multimodal LLMs. MuirBench consists of 12 diverse multi-image tas…

cs.CL2026

ConflictScore: Identifying and Measuring How Language Models Handle Conflicting Evidence

Siyi Liu, Aaron Halfaker, Dan Roth +1

Existing metrics for factuality and faithfulness evaluate whether an answer is supported or contradicted by its grounding documents, but they fail to capture when both supporting a…

cs.CL2026

Conflicts in Texts: Data, Implications and Challenges

Siyi Liu, Dan Roth

As NLP models become increasingly integrated into real-world applications, it becomes clear that there is a need to address the fact that models often rely on and generate conflict…

cs.CL2022

Privacy Adhering Machine Un-learning in NLP

Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar, Rashmi Gangadharaiah, Dan Roth

Regulations introduced by General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the EU or California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the US have included provisions on the \textit{right to b…

cs.CL2026

CORE-T: COherent REtrieval of Tables for Text-to-SQL

Hassan Soliman, Vivek Gupta, Dan Roth +1

Realistic text-to-SQL workflows often require joining multiple tables. As a result, accurately retrieving the relevant set of tables becomes a key bottleneck for end-to-end perform…

cs.CV2022

There is a Time and Place for Reasoning Beyond the Image

Xingyu Fu, Ben Zhou, Ishaan Preetam Chandratreya +2

Images are often more significant than only the pixels to human eyes, as we can infer, associate, and reason with contextual information from other sources to establish a more comp…

stat.ML2016

Distributed Training of Structured SVM

Ching-pei Lee, Kai-Wei Chang, Shyam Upadhyay +1

Training structured prediction models is time-consuming. However, most existing approaches only use a single machine, thus, the advantage of computing power and the capacity for la…

cs.CL2018

Term Definitions Help Hypernymy Detection

Wenpeng Yin, Dan Roth

Existing methods of hypernymy detection mainly rely on statistics over a big corpus, either mining some co-occurring patterns like "animals such as cats" or embedding words of inte…

cs.CL2016

Cross-lingual Models of Word Embeddings: An Empirical Comparison

Shyam Upadhyay, Manaal Faruqui, Chris Dyer +1

Despite interest in using cross-lingual knowledge to learn word embeddings for various tasks, a systematic comparison of the possible approaches is lacking in the literature. We pe…

cs.CL2021

MultiOpEd: A Corpus of Multi-Perspective News Editorials

Siyi Liu, Sihao Chen, Xander Uyttendaele +1

We propose MultiOpEd, an open-domain news editorial corpus that supports various tasks pertaining to the argumentation structure in news editorials, focusing on automatic perspecti…

cs.CV2025

NTSEBENCH: Cognitive Reasoning Benchmark for Vision Language Models

Pranshu Pandya, Vatsal Gupta, Agney S Talwarr +3

Cognitive textual and visual reasoning tasks, including puzzles, series, and analogies, demand the ability to quickly reason, decipher, and evaluate patterns both textually and spa…

cs.CL2022

Learning to Decompose: Hypothetical Question Decomposition Based on Comparable Texts

Ben Zhou, Kyle Richardson, Xiaodong Yu +1

Explicit decomposition modeling, which involves breaking down complex tasks into more straightforward and often more interpretable sub-tasks, has long been a central theme in devel…

cs.CL2019

Joint Reasoning for Temporal and Causal Relations

Qiang Ning, Zhili Feng, Hao Wu +1

Understanding temporal and causal relations between events is a fundamental natural language understanding task. Because a cause must be before its effect in time, temporal and cau…

cs.CL2023

Rethinking the Role of Scale for In-Context Learning: An Interpretability-based Case Study at 66 Billion Scale

Hritik Bansal, Karthik Gopalakrishnan, Saket Dingliwal +3

Language models have been shown to perform better with an increase in scale on a wide variety of tasks via the in-context learning paradigm. In this paper, we investigate the hypot…

cs.CL2024

Code Representation Learning At Scale

Dejiao Zhang, Wasi Ahmad, Ming Tan +5

Recent studies have shown that code language models at scale demonstrate significant performance gains on downstream tasks, i.e., code generation. However, most of the existing wor…

cs.LG2025

AUTOCT: Automating Interpretable Clinical Trial Prediction with LLM Agents

Fengze Liu, Haoyu Wang, Joonhyuk Cho +2

Clinical trials are critical for advancing medical treatments but remain prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. Accurate prediction of clinical trial outcomes can significantl…

cs.CL2022

Neuro-Symbolic Language Modeling with Automaton-augmented Retrieval

Uri Alon, Frank F. Xu, Junxian He +3

Retrieval-based language models (R-LM) model the probability of natural language text by combining a standard language model (LM) with examples retrieved from an external datastore…

cs.CL2024

From Instructions to Constraints: Language Model Alignment with Automatic Constraint Verification

Fei Wang, Chao Shang, Sarthak Jain +6

User alignment is crucial for adapting general-purpose language models (LMs) to downstream tasks, but human annotations are often not available for all types of instructions, espec…

cmp-lg1996

Applying Winnow to Context-Sensitive Spelling Correction

Andrew R. Golding, Dan Roth

Multiplicative weight-updating algorithms such as Winnow have been studied extensively in the COLT literature, but only recently have people started to use them in applications. In…

cs.CL2021

Building Low-Resource NER Models Using Non-Speaker Annotation

Tatiana Tsygankova, Francesca Marini, Stephen Mayhew +1

In low-resource natural language processing (NLP), the key problems are a lack of target language training data, and a lack of native speakers to create it. Cross-lingual methods h…

cs.CL2024

ExpertQA: Expert-Curated Questions and Attributed Answers

Chaitanya Malaviya, Subin Lee, Sihao Chen +3

As language models are adopted by a more sophisticated and diverse set of users, the importance of guaranteeing that they provide factually correct information supported by verifia…

cs.CL2023

Comparing Biases and the Impact of Multilingual Training across Multiple Languages

Sharon Levy, Neha Anna John, Ling Liu +6

Studies in bias and fairness in natural language processing have primarily examined social biases within a single language and/or across few attributes (e.g. gender, race). However…

cs.CL2022

ROCK: Causal Inference Principles for Reasoning about Commonsense Causality

Jiayao Zhang, Hongming Zhang, Weijie J. Su +1

Commonsense causality reasoning (CCR) aims at identifying plausible causes and effects in natural language descriptions that are deemed reasonable by an average person. Although be…

cs.CL2024

On the Calibration of Multilingual Question Answering LLMs

Yahan Yang, Soham Dan, Dan Roth +1

Multilingual pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) are incredibly effective at Question Answering (QA), a core task in Natural Language Understanding, achieving high accuracies…

cs.CL2021

Improving Faithfulness in Abstractive Summarization with Contrast Candidate Generation and Selection

Sihao Chen, Fan Zhang, Kazoo Sone +1

Despite significant progress in neural abstractive summarization, recent studies have shown that the current models are prone to generating summaries that are unfaithful to the ori…

cs.CL2026

DiffuMask: Diffusion Language Model for Token-level Prompt Pruning

Caleb Zheng, Jyotika Singh, Fang Tu +6

In-Context Learning and Chain-of-Thought prompting improve reasoning in large language models (LLMs). These typically come at the cost of longer, more expensive prompts that may co…

cs.CL2025

LLM-Symbolic Integration for Robust Temporal Tabular Reasoning

Atharv Kulkarni, Kushagra Dixit, Vivek Srikumar +2

Temporal tabular question answering presents a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring robust reasoning over structured data, which is a task where tradit…

cs.CV2024

Multi-Agent VQA: Exploring Multi-Agent Foundation Models in Zero-Shot Visual Question Answering

Bowen Jiang, Zhijun Zhuang, Shreyas S. Shivakumar +2

This work explores the zero-shot capabilities of foundation models in Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks. We propose an adaptive multi-agent system, named Multi-Agent VQA, to ov…

cs.CL2021

A Statistical Analysis of Summarization Evaluation Metrics using Resampling Methods

Daniel Deutsch, Rotem Dror, Dan Roth

The quality of a summarization evaluation metric is quantified by calculating the correlation between its scores and human annotations across a large number of summaries. Currently…

cs.CL2020

Temporal Common Sense Acquisition with Minimal Supervision

Ben Zhou, Qiang Ning, Daniel Khashabi +1

Temporal common sense (e.g., duration and frequency of events) is crucial for understanding natural language. However, its acquisition is challenging, partly because such informati…

cs.CL2017

Mapping to Declarative Knowledge for Word Problem Solving

Subhro Roy, Dan Roth

Math word problems form a natural abstraction to a range of quantitative reasoning problems, such as understanding financial news, sports results, and casualties of war. Solving su…

cs.CL2019

ner and pos when nothing is capitalized

Stephen Mayhew, Tatiana Tsygankova, Dan Roth

For those languages which use it, capitalization is an important signal for the fundamental NLP tasks of Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Part of Speech (POS) tagging. In fact, i…

cs.CL2016

Two Discourse Driven Language Models for Semantics

Haoruo Peng, Dan Roth

Natural language understanding often requires deep semantic knowledge. Expanding on previous proposals, we suggest that some important aspects of semantic knowledge can be modeled…

cs.CL2016

Cross-lingual Dataless Classification for Languages with Small Wikipedia Presence

Yangqiu Song, Stephen Mayhew, Dan Roth

This paper presents an approach to classify documents in any language into an English topical label space, without any text categorization training data. The approach, Cross-Lingua…

cs.CL2022

Benchmarking Answer Verification Methods for Question Answering-Based Summarization Evaluation Metrics

Daniel Deutsch, Dan Roth

Question answering-based summarization evaluation metrics must automatically determine whether the QA model's prediction is correct or not, a task known as answer verification. In…

cs.AI2016

Question Answering via Integer Programming over Semi-Structured Knowledge

Daniel Khashabi, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal +3

Answering science questions posed in natural language is an important AI challenge. Answering such questions often requires non-trivial inference and knowledge that goes beyond fac…

cs.CL2020

On the Possibilities and Limitations of Multi-hop Reasoning Under Linguistic Imperfections

Daniel Khashabi, Erfan Sadeqi Azer, Tushar Khot +2

Systems for language understanding have become remarkably strong at overcoming linguistic imperfections in tasks involving phrase matching or simple reasoning. Yet, their accuracy…

cs.CL2018

End-Task Oriented Textual Entailment via Deep Explorations of Inter-Sentence Interactions

Wenpeng Yin, Hinrich Schütze, Dan Roth

This work deals with SciTail, a natural entailment challenge derived from a multi-choice question answering problem. The premises and hypotheses in SciTail were generated with no a…

cs.CL2020

Visual Pivoting for (Unsupervised) Entity Alignment

Fangyu Liu, Muhao Chen, Dan Roth +1

This work studies the use of visual semantic representations to align entities in heterogeneous knowledge graphs (KGs). Images are natural components of many existing KGs. By combi…

cs.CL2020

TORQUE: A Reading Comprehension Dataset of Temporal Ordering Questions

Qiang Ning, Hao Wu, Rujun Han +3

A critical part of reading is being able to understand the temporal relationships between events described in a passage of text, even when those relationships are not explicitly st…

cs.CL2020

From Spatial Relations to Spatial Configurations

Soham Dan, Parisa Kordjamshidi, Julia Bonn +4

Spatial Reasoning from language is essential for natural language understanding. Supporting it requires a representation scheme that can capture spatial phenomena encountered in la…

cs.AI2020

Learning Contextual Causality from Time-consecutive Images

Hongming Zhang, Yintong Huo, Xinran Zhao +2

Causality knowledge is crucial for many artificial intelligence systems. Conventional textual-based causality knowledge acquisition methods typically require laborious and expensiv…

cs.CL2026

SPENCE: A Syntactic Probe for Detecting Contamination in NL2SQL Benchmarks

Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh, Hitesh Laxmichand Patel, Afshin Orojlooyjadid +2

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) benchmarks, yet their reported accuracy may be inflated by contamination from benc…

cs.CL2026

SAKE: Structured Agentic Knowledge Extrapolation for Complex LLM Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning

Jiashu He, Jinxuan Fan, Bowen Jiang +3

Knowledge extrapolation is the process of inferring novel information by combining and extending existing knowledge that is explicitly available. It is essential for solving comple…

cs.DB2025

H-STAR: LLM-driven Hybrid SQL-Text Adaptive Reasoning on Tables

Nikhil Abhyankar, Vivek Gupta, Dan Roth +1

Tabular reasoning involves interpreting natural language queries about tabular data, which presents a unique challenge of combining language understanding with structured data anal…

cs.CL2020

Understanding Spatial Relations through Multiple Modalities

Soham Dan, Hangfeng He, Dan Roth

Recognizing spatial relations and reasoning about them is essential in multiple applications including navigation, direction giving and human-computer interaction in general. Spati…

cs.CL2023

Generate then Select: Open-ended Visual Question Answering Guided by World Knowledge

Xingyu Fu, Sheng Zhang, Gukyeong Kwon +10

The open-ended Visual Question Answering (VQA) task requires AI models to jointly reason over visual and natural language inputs using world knowledge. Recently, pre-trained Langua…

cs.LG2026

On Improving Neurosymbolic Learning by Exploiting the Representation Space

Aaditya Naik, Efthymia Tsamoura, Shibo Jin +2

We study the problem of learning neural classifiers in a neurosymbolic setting where the hidden gold labels of input instances must satisfy a logical formula. Learning in this sett…

cs.CL2024

Knowledge-Aware Reasoning over Multimodal Semi-structured Tables

Suyash Vardhan Mathur, Jainit Sushil Bafna, Kunal Kartik +5

Existing datasets for tabular question answering typically focus exclusively on text within cells. However, real-world data is inherently multimodal, often blending images such as…

cs.CL2024

Conceptual and Unbiased Reasoning in Language Models

Ben Zhou, Hongming Zhang, Sihao Chen +5

Conceptual reasoning, the ability to reason in abstract and high-level perspectives, is key to generalization in human cognition. However, limited study has been done on large lang…

cs.LG2023

GLUECons: A Generic Benchmark for Learning Under Constraints

Hossein Rajaby Faghihi, Aliakbar Nafar, Chen Zheng +7

Recent research has shown that integrating domain knowledge into deep learning architectures is effective -- it helps reduce the amount of required data, improves the accuracy of t…

cs.CL2022

Extracting or Guessing? Improving Faithfulness of Event Temporal Relation Extraction

Haoyu Wang, Hongming Zhang, Yuqian Deng +3

In this paper, we seek to improve the faithfulness of TempRel extraction models from two perspectives. The first perspective is to extract genuinely based on contextual description…

cs.CL2025

MoNaCo: More Natural and Complex Questions for Reasoning Across Dozens of Documents

Tomer Wolfson, Harsh Trivedi, Mor Geva +5

Automated agents, powered by Large language models (LLMs), are emerging as the go-to tool for querying information. However, evaluation benchmarks for LLM agents rarely feature nat…

cs.CL2021

Towards Question-Answering as an Automatic Metric for Evaluating the Content Quality of a Summary

Daniel Deutsch, Tania Bedrax-Weiss, Dan Roth

A desirable property of a reference-based evaluation metric that measures the content quality of a summary is that it should estimate how much information that summary has in commo…

cs.IR2025

Is Table Retrieval a Solved Problem? Exploring Join-Aware Multi-Table Retrieval

Peter Baile Chen, Yi Zhang, Dan Roth

Retrieving relevant tables containing the necessary information to accurately answer a given question over tables is critical to open-domain question-answering (QA) systems. Previo…

cs.CL2025

Rethinking LLM Uncertainty: A Multi-Agent Approach to Estimating Black-Box Model Uncertainty

Yu Feng, Phu Mon Htut, Zheng Qi +7

Quantifying uncertainty in black-box LLMs is vital for reliable responses and scalable oversight. Existing methods, which gauge a model's uncertainty through evaluating self-consis…

cs.CL2026

Decomposed Prompting Does Not Fix Knowledge Gaps, But Helps Models Say "I Don't Know"

Dhruv Madhwal, Lyuxin David Zhang, Dan Roth +2

Large language models often struggle to recognize their knowledge limits in closed-book question answering, leading to confident hallucinations. While decomposed prompting is typic…

cs.CL2018

Named Person Coreference in English News

Oshin Agarwal, Sanjay Subramanian, Ani Nenkova +1

People are often entities of interest in tasks such as search and information extraction. In these tasks, the goal is to find as much information as possible about people specified…

cs.CL2020

SacreROUGE: An Open-Source Library for Using and Developing Summarization Evaluation Metrics

Daniel Deutsch, Dan Roth

We present SacreROUGE, an open-source library for using and developing summarization evaluation metrics. SacreROUGE removes many obstacles that researchers face when using or devel…

cs.CL2018

Exploiting Partially Annotated Data for Temporal Relation Extraction

Qiang Ning, Zhongzhi Yu, Chuchu Fan +1

Annotating temporal relations (TempRel) between events described in natural language is known to be labor intensive, partly because the total number of TempRels is quadratic in the…

cs.CL2020

"I'd rather just go to bed": Understanding Indirect Answers

Annie Louis, Dan Roth, Filip Radlinski

We revisit a pragmatic inference problem in dialog: understanding indirect responses to questions. Humans can interpret 'I'm starving.' in response to 'Hungry?', even without direc…

cs.CL2023

Taxonomy Expansion for Named Entity Recognition

Karthikeyan K, Yogarshi Vyas, Jie Ma +7

Training a Named Entity Recognition (NER) model often involves fixing a taxonomy of entity types. However, requirements evolve and we might need the NER model to recognize addition…

cs.CL2019

Question Answering as Global Reasoning over Semantic Abstractions

Daniel Khashabi, Tushar Khot, Ashish Sabharwal +1

We propose a novel method for exploiting the semantic structure of text to answer multiple-choice questions. The approach is especially suitable for domains that require reasoning…

cs.AI2026

PAR-RAG: Planned Active Retrieval and Reasoning for Multi-Hop Question Answering

Xingyu Li, Rongguang Wang, Yuying Wang +5

Large language models (LLMs) remain brittle on multi-hop question answering (MHQA), where answering requires combining evidence across documents through retrieval and reasoning. It…

cs.AI2026

AI+HW 2035: Shaping the Next Decade

Deming Chen, Jason Cong, Azalia Mirhoseini +27

Artificial intelligence (AI) and hardware (HW) are advancing at unprecedented rates, yet their trajectories have become inseparably intertwined. The global research community lacks…

cs.CL2025

Evaluating NL2SQL via SQL2NL

Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh, Afshin Oroojlooyjadid, Dan Roth

Robust evaluation in the presence of linguistic variation is key to understanding the generalization capabilities of Natural Language to SQL (NL2SQL) models, yet existing benchmark…

cs.CL2023

Building Interpretable and Reliable Open Information Retriever for New Domains Overnight

Xiaodong Yu, Ben Zhou, Dan Roth

Information retrieval (IR) or knowledge retrieval, is a critical component for many down-stream tasks such as open-domain question answering (QA). It is also very challenging, as i…

cs.AI2020

Analogous Process Structure Induction for Sub-event Sequence Prediction

Hongming Zhang, Muhao Chen, Haoyu Wang +2

Computational and cognitive studies of event understanding suggest that identifying, comprehending, and predicting events depend on having structured representations of a sequence…

cs.LG2026

Tree-based Dialogue Reinforced Policy Optimization for Red-Teaming Attacks

Ruohao Guo, Afshin Oroojlooy, Roshan Sridhar +3

Despite recent rapid progress in AI safety, current large language models remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks in multi-turn interaction settings, where attackers strategically…

cs.CL2019

Seeing Things from a Different Angle: Discovering Diverse Perspectives about Claims

Sihao Chen, Daniel Khashabi, Wenpeng Yin +2

One key consequence of the information revolution is a significant increase and a contamination of our information supply. The practice of fact checking won't suffice to eliminate…

cs.CL2024

A Peek into Token Bias: Large Language Models Are Not Yet Genuine Reasoners

Bowen Jiang, Yangxinyu Xie, Zhuoqun Hao +5

This study introduces a hypothesis-testing framework to assess whether large language models (LLMs) possess genuine reasoning abilities or primarily depend on token bias. We go bey…

cs.CL2025

No Universal Prompt: Unifying Reasoning through Adaptive Prompting for Temporal Table Reasoning

Abhishek Rajgaria, Kushagra Dixit, Mayank Vyas +3

Temporal Table Reasoning is a critical challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring effective reasoning to extract relevant insights. Despite existence of multiple prompti…

cs.CL2022

CIKQA: Learning Commonsense Inference with a Unified Knowledge-in-the-loop QA Paradigm

Hongming Zhang, Yintong Huo, Yanai Elazar +3

Recently, the community has achieved substantial progress on many commonsense reasoning benchmarks. However, it is still unclear what is learned from the training process: the know…

cs.LG2024

On Learning Latent Models with Multi-Instance Weak Supervision

Kaifu Wang, Efthymia Tsamoura, Dan Roth

We consider a weakly supervised learning scenario where the supervision signal is generated by a transition function of labels associated with multiple input instances. We for…

cs.CL2023

Conversation Style Transfer using Few-Shot Learning

Shamik Roy, Raphael Shu, Nikolaos Pappas +4

Conventional text style transfer approaches focus on sentence-level style transfer without considering contextual information, and the style is described with attributes (e.g., for…

cs.CL2019

Improving Generalization in Coreference Resolution via Adversarial Training

Sanjay Subramanian, Dan Roth

In order for coreference resolution systems to be useful in practice, they must be able to generalize to new text. In this work, we demonstrate that the performance of the state-of…

cs.CL2025

CONCUR: A Framework for Continual Constrained and Unconstrained Routing

Peter Baile Chen, Weiyue Li, Dan Roth +3

AI tasks differ in complexity and are best addressed with different computation strategies (e.g., combinations of models and decoding methods). Hence, an effective routing system t…

cs.AI2026

JTPRO: A Joint Tool-Prompt Reflective Optimization Framework for Language Agents

Sandip Ghoshal, Anshul Mittal, Jyotika Singh +9

Large language model (LLM) agents augmented with external tools often struggle as number of tools grow large and become domain-specific. In such settings, ambiguous tool descriptio…

cs.LG2016

World Knowledge as Indirect Supervision for Document Clustering

Chenguang Wang, Yangqiu Song, Dan Roth +2

One of the key obstacles in making learning protocols realistic in applications is the need to supervise them, a costly process that often requires hiring domain experts. We consid…

cs.CL2023

Large Language Models as Sous Chefs: Revising Recipes with GPT-3

Alyssa Hwang, Bryan Li, Zhaoyi Hou +1

With their remarkably improved text generation and prompting capabilities, large language models can adapt existing written information into forms that are easier to use and unders…

cs.CL2024

FamiCom: Further Demystifying Prompts for Language Models with Task-Agnostic Performance Estimation

Bangzheng Li, Ben Zhou, Xingyu Fu +3

Language models have shown impressive in-context-learning capabilities, which allow them to benefit from input prompts and perform better on downstream end tasks. Existing works in…

cs.LG2026

Chart-RL: Generalized Chart Comprehension via Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards

Xin Zhang, Xingyu Li, Rongguang Wang +4

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations…

cs.CL2025

Reasoning is about giving reasons

Krunal Shah, Dan Roth

Convincing someone of the truth value of a premise requires understanding and articulating the core logical structure of the argument which proves or disproves the premise. Underst…

cs.CL2025

PersonaMem-v2: Towards Personalized Intelligence via Learning Implicit User Personas and Agentic Memory

Bowen Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Maohao Shen +13

Personalization is one of the next milestones in advancing AI capability and alignment. We introduce PersonaMem-v2, the state-of-the-art dataset for LLM personalization that simula…

cs.CL2020

Neural Module Networks for Reasoning over Text

Nitish Gupta, Kevin Lin, Dan Roth +2

Answering compositional questions that require multiple steps of reasoning against text is challenging, especially when they involve discrete, symbolic operations. Neural module ne…

cs.LG2000

A Learning Approach to Shallow Parsing

Marcia Muñoz, Vasin Punyakanok, Dan Roth +1

A SNoW based learning approach to shallow parsing tasks is presented and studied experimentally. The approach learns to identify syntactic patterns by combining simple predictors t…

cs.LG2023

On Regularization and Inference with Label Constraints

Kaifu Wang, Hangfeng He, Tin D. Nguyen +2

Prior knowledge and symbolic rules in machine learning are often expressed in the form of label constraints, especially in structured prediction problems. In this work, we compare…

cs.LG2001

The Use of Classifiers in Sequential Inference

Vasin Punyakanok, Dan Roth

We study the problem of combining the outcomes of several different classifiers in a way that provides a coherent inference that satisfies some constraints. In particular, we devel…

cs.CL2021

Coreference Reasoning in Machine Reading Comprehension

Mingzhu Wu, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Dan Roth +1

Coreference resolution is essential for natural language understanding and has been long studied in NLP. In recent years, as the format of Question Answering (QA) became a standard…

cs.CL2026

LAD-RAG: Layout-aware Dynamic RAG for Visually-Rich Document Understanding

Zhivar Sourati, Zheng Wang, Marianne Menglin Liu +8

Question answering over visually rich documents (VRDs) requires reasoning not only over isolated content but also over documents' structural organization and cross-page dependencie…