Publications (22)
Col-Con: A Virtual Reality Simulation Testbed for Exploring Collaborative Behaviors in Construction
Liuchuan Yu, Ching-Yu Cheng, William F Ranc +6
Virtual reality is widely adopted for applications such as training, education, and collaboration. The construction industry, known for its complex projects and numerous personnel…
UrFound: Towards Universal Retinal Foundation Models via Knowledge-Guided Masked Modeling
Kai Yu, Yang Zhou, Yang Bai +5
Retinal foundation models aim to learn generalizable representations from diverse retinal images, facilitating label-efficient model adaptation across various ophthalmic tasks. Des…
Human-like Content Analysis for Generative AI with Language-Grounded Sparse Encoders
Yiming Tang, Arash Lagzian, Srinivas Anumasa +9
The rapid development of generative AI has transformed content creation, communication, and human development. However, this technology raises profound concerns in high-stakes doma…
AI Workflow, External Validation, and Development in Eye Disease Diagnosis
Qingyu Chen, Tiarnan D L Keenan, Elvira Agron +35
Timely disease diagnosis is challenging due to increasing disease burdens and limited clinician availability. AI shows promise in diagnosis accuracy but faces real-world applicatio…
The Three-Dimensional Structural Configuration of the Central Retinal Vessel Trunk and Branches as a Glaucoma Biomarker
Satish K. Panda, Haris Cheong, Tin A. Tun +10
Purpose: To assess whether the three-dimensional (3D) structural configuration of the central retinal vessel trunk and its branches (CRVT&B) could be used as a diagnostic marker fo…
Safety challenges of AI in medicine in the era of large language models
Xiaoye Wang, Nicole Xi Zhang, Hongyu He +9
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in large language models (LLMs), have unlocked significant potential to enhance the quality and efficiency of medi…
Localizing Anatomical Landmarks in Ocular Images using Zoom-In Attentive Networks
Xiaofeng Lei, Shaohua Li, Xinxing Xu +9
Localizing anatomical landmarks are important tasks in medical image analysis. However, the landmarks to be localized often lack prominent visual features. Their locations are elus…
VIMCO: Variational Inference for Multiple Correlated Outcomes in Genome-wide Association Studies
Xingjie Shi, Yuling Jiao, Yi Yang +4
In Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) where multiple correlated traits have been measured on participants, a joint analysis strategy, whereby the traits are analyzed jointly, c…
AI-powered virtual eye: perspective, challenges and opportunities
Yue Wu, Yibo Guo, Yulong Yan +5
We envision the "virtual eye" as a next-generation, AI-powered platform that uses interconnected foundation models to simulate the eye's intricate structure and biological function…
An integrated language-vision foundation model for conversational diagnostics and triaging in primary eye care
Zhi Da Soh, Yang Bai, Kai Yu +28
Current deep learning models are mostly task specific and lack a user-friendly interface to operate. We present Meta-EyeFM, a multi-function foundation model that integrates a larg…
AI-generated data contamination erodes pathological variability and diagnostic reliability
Hongyu He, Shaowen Xiang, Ye Zhang +15
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly populating medical records with synthetic content, creating a feedback loop where future models are increasingly at risk of train…
Enhance Eye Disease Detection using Learnable Probabilistic Discrete Latents in Machine Learning Architectures
Anirudh Prabhakaran, YeKun Xiao, Ching-Yu Cheng +1
Ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma, present a significant public health challenge due to their high prevalence and potential for causing vision impairment…
Describing the Structural Phenotype of the Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head Using Artificial Intelligence
Satish K. Panda, Haris Cheong, Tin A. Tun +8
The optic nerve head (ONH) typically experiences complex neural- and connective-tissue structural changes with the development and progression of glaucoma, and monitoring these cha…
Towards Label-Free 3D Segmentation of Optical Coherence Tomography Images of the Optic Nerve Head Using Deep Learning
Sripad Krishna Devalla, Tan Hung Pham, Satish Kumar Panda +16
Since the introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT), it has been possible to study the complex 3D morphological changes of the optic nerve head (ONH) tissues that occur al…
A Clinician-Friendly Platform for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Without Technical Barriers
Meng Wang, Tian Lin, Qingshan Hou +37
Artificial intelligence (AI) shows remarkable potential in medical imaging diagnostics, yet most current models require retraining when applied across different clinical settings,…
Are Traditional Deep Learning Model Approaches as Effective as a Retinal-Specific Foundation Model for Ocular and Systemic Disease Detection?
Samantha Min Er Yew, Xiaofeng Lei, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh +26
Background: RETFound, a self-supervised, retina-specific foundation model (FM), showed potential in downstream applications. However, its comparative performance with traditional d…
Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy in Rare and Common Fundus Diseases with a Knowledge-Rich Vision-Language Model
Meng Wang, Tian Lin, Aidi Lin +46
Previous foundation models for fundus images were pre-trained with limited disease categories and knowledge base. Here we introduce a knowledge-rich vision-language model (RetiZero…
Building Digital Twins of Different Human Organs for Personalized Healthcare
Yilin Lyu, Zhen Li, Vu Tran +9
Digital twins are virtual replicas of physical entities and are poised to transform personalized medicine through the real-time simulation and prediction of human physiology. Trans…
Deep Learning Algorithms to Isolate and Quantify the Structures of the Anterior Segment in Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Tan Hung Pham, Sripad Krishna Devalla, Aloysius Ang +6
Accurate isolation and quantification of intraocular dimensions in the anterior segment (AS) of the eye using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is important in the diagnosi…
FusionFM: Fusing Eye-specific Foundational Models for Optimized Ophthalmic Diagnosis
Ke Zou, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh, Yukun Zhou +11
Foundation models (FMs) have shown great promise in medical image analysis by improving generalization across diverse downstream tasks. In ophthalmology, several FMs have recently…
Enhancing Community Vision Screening -- AI Driven Retinal Photography for Early Disease Detection and Patient Trust
Xiaofeng Lei, Yih-Chung Tham, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh +7
Community vision screening plays a crucial role in identifying individuals with vision loss and preventing avoidable blindness, particularly in rural communities where access to ey…
Resolving the bias-precision paradox with stochastic causal representation learning for personalized medicine
Peisong Zhang, Manqiang Peng, Yuxuan Wu +21
Estimating individualized treatment effects from longitudinal observational data is central to data-driven medicine, yet existing methods face a fundamental limitation: reducing co…